SODIUM CHLORIDE PHARMA(SODYUM KLORR LA)
SODIUM CHLORIDE PHARMA(SODYUM KLORÜR LAÇ)
CAS No.: 7647-14-5
EC No.: 231-598-3
Synonyms:
sodium chloride; 7647-14-5; Halite; Salt; Table salt; Saline; Rock salt; Common salt; Dendritis; Purex; Sodium chloric; Top flake; Sodium chloride (NaCl); Hyposaline; Flexivial; Gingivyl; Iodized salt; Slow Sodium; Sea salt; SS salt; Sodium monochloride; Natriumchlorid; Adsorbanac; Hypersal; Trisodium trichloride; White crystal; NaCl; H.G. blending; Salt (ingredient); sodiumchloride; Colyte; Sodium chloride (Na4Cl4); Caswell No. 754; Extra Fine 200 Salt; Extra Fine 325 Salt; Sodium chloride brine, purified; Arm-A-Vial; CCRIS 982; Natriumchlorid [German]; HSDB 6368; MFCD00003477; EPA Pesticide Chemical Code 013905; UNII-451W47IQ8X; EINECS 231-598-3; NSC 77364; Sodium chloride, hypertonic; 10% Sodium Chloride Injection; CHEBI:26710; 451W47IQ8X; NSC-77364; Ayr; LS-1700; Buffer Solution, TISAB; Sodium chloride Pharma; Sodium chloride, extra pure; Sodium chloride solution, 5 M; Isotonic saline; Broncho saline; Sodium, Reference Standard Solution; ClNa; Natrum Muriaticum; Sodium chloride, 99+%, ACS reagent; Sodium chloride, 99.5%, for analysis; Sodium chloride, 99.5%, for biochemistry; Sodium chloride, ACS reagent, >=99.0%; Sodium-36 chloride; Sodium chloride, pure, ca. 26% solution in water; Sodium chloride physiological solution, BioUltra, tablet; Sodium chloride (Na36Cl); Sodium chloride [USP:JAN]; Isotonic; Kochsalz; Mafiron; Rocksalt; Titrisol; cloruro sodico; odium chloride; sodium-chloride; Solsel; Sodium chloride [USAN:JAN]; Dendritic salt; natrii chloridum; Saline Solution; Sea water; Watesal A; Uzushio Biryuu M; chlorure de sodium; Sodium chloride, 99.85%, for molecular biology, DNAse, RNAse and Protease free; Adsorbanac (TN); Brinewate Superfine; Sodium chloride in plastic container; sodium chloride salt; Canners 999; Sodium Chloride ACS; ACMC-20ajon; Sodium chloride 3% in plastic container; Sodium chloride 5% in plastic container; Saline, sodium chloride; Sodium chloride, tablet; Sodium chloride Pharma; Sodium chloride solution; Sodium chloride (8CI); Sodium chloride 0.9% in plastic container; mono-sodium chloride salt; Sodium chloride 0.45% in plastic container; Sodium chloride 23.4% in plastic container; Sodium chloride, isotonic; UNII-VR5Y7PDT5W; Salt (6CI,7CI); VR5Y7PDT5W; Special Salt 100/95; WLN: NA G; EC 231-598-3; 14762-51-7; KSC377C6D; Sodium chloride 0.9% in sterile plastic container; Sodium chloride, ACS reagent; Sodium chloride (JP17/USP); Sodium chloride solution, 1 M; Sodium chloride solution, 2 M; Bacteriostatic sodium chloride 0.9% in plastic container; CHEMBL1200574; DTXSID3021271; CTK2H7161; KS-00000VGU; Sodium chloride biochemical grade; Sodium chloride solution, 0.1 M; Sodium chloride solution, 0.85%; Sodium chloride solution, isotonic; NSC77364; Sodium chloride, AR, >=99.9%; Sodium chloride, LR, >=99.5%; Sodium chloride, MANAC Incorporated; Sodium chloride, >=99%, AR grade; Sodium chloride, 99.5%, for HPLC; AKOS024438089; AKOS024457457; 10% Sodium chloride solution in water; DB09153; Sodium Chloride saturated solution 26%; Sodium chloride, technical grade, 95%; Sodium chloride, technical grade, 97%; Sodium chloride, Ph. Eur., USP grade; Sodium chloride, p.a., 99-100.5%; 32343-72-9; Chloride standard solution, 1 mg/mL Cl-; Sodium chloride Pharma; Sodium chloride, NIST(R) SRM(R) 919b; Sodium chloride, ReagentPlus(R), >=99%; Sodium chloride, USP, 99.0-100.5%; Sodium chloride, USP, 99.0-101.0%; B7288; FT-0645114; Q2314; S0572; Sodium chloride, BioXtra, >=99.5% (AT); Z3733; Sodium chloride, SAJ first grade, >=99.0%; Sodium chloride, tested according to Ph.Eur.; C13563; D02056; Sodium chloride, 99.999% trace metals basis; Sodium chloride, JIS special grade, >=99.5%; Sodium chloride, Trace metals grade, 99.99%; Isotopic standard for chlorine, NIST SRM 975a; Sodium chloride, Vetec(TM) reagent grade, 99%; Sodanylium and hydrochloric acid, ion(1-) (1:1); Sodium chloride, puriss. p.a., >=99.5% (AT); Sodium chloride, NIST(R) SRM(R) 2201, ion-selective; Sodium chloride crystal optic disc, 32mm x 3mm, unpolished; UNII-HJT620308C component FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M; Sodium chloride, BioUltra, for molecular biology, >=99.5% (AT); Sodium chloride, puriss. p.a., >=99.5% (AT), powder or crystals; Sodium chloride, reagent grade, >=98%, +80 mesh particle size; Sodium chloride, United States Pharmacopeia (USP) Reference Standard; Sodium standard for AAS, ready-to-use, traceable to BAM, in H2O; Sodium chloride Pharma; Sodium chloride crystal optic rectangle, 30mm x 15mm x 4mm, unpolished; Sodium chloride solution, BioUltra, for molecular biology, ~5 M in H2O; Sodium chloride solution, technical, ~26% (saturated in water at 20C, AT); Sodium chloride, anhydrous, beads, -10 mesh, 99.99% trace metals basis; Sodium chloride, anhydrous, beads, -10 mesh, 99.999% trace metals basis; Sodium chloride, p.a., ACS reagent, reag. ISO, reag. Ph. Eur., 99.5%; Sodium chloride, random crystals, optical grade, 99.98% trace metals basis; Sodium chloride crystal optic rectangle, 41mm x 23mm x 6mm, polished both sides; Sodium chloride solution, 0.9% in water, BioXtra, suitable for cell culture; Sodium chloride, anhydrous, free-flowing, Redi-Dri(TM), ReagentPlus(R), >=99%; Sodium chloride, anhydrous, Redi-Dri(TM), free-flowing, ACS reagent, >=99%; Sodium chloride Pharma; Sodium chloride, BioPerformance Certified, >=99% (titration), Cell Culture Tested; Sodium chloride, meets analytical specification of Ph. Eur., BP, USP, 99.0-100.5%; Sodium chloride, Pharmaceutical Secondary Standard; Certified Reference Material; Sodium chloride, puriss. p.a., ACS reagent, reag. ISO, reag. Ph. Eur., >=99.5%; Sodium atomic spectroscopy standard concentrate 1.00 g Na, 1.00 g/L, for 1 l standard solution, analytical standard; Sodium atomic spectroscopy standard concentrate 10.00 g Na, 10.00 g/L, for 1 l standard solution, analytical standard; Sodium chloride solution, 5 M in H2O, BioReagent, for molecular biology, suitable for cell culture; Sodium chloride, BioReagent, suitable for cell culture, suitable for insect cell culture, suitable for plant cell culture, >=99%; Sodium chloride, certified reference material for titrimetry, certified by BAM, according to ISO 17025, >=99.5%; Sodium chloride, for molecular biology, DNase, RNase, and protease, none detected, >=98% (titration); Sodium chloride, PharmaGrade, USP, Manufactured under appropriate GMP controls for pharma or biopharmaceutical production.; Sodium chloride, puriss., meets analytical specification of Ph. Eur., BP, USP, 99.0-100.5% (calc. to the dried substance), <=0.00002% Al; Sodium standard solution, suitable for atomic absorption spectrometry, 1000 ppm Na, 1 mg/mL Na; Sodium chloride Pharma; SODYUM KLORÜR LAÇ; SODYUM KLORÜR LACI; sodyum klorür; sodyum klorür ilaç; sodyum klorür ilac; SODYUM KLORÜR; sodium chloride; 7647-14-5; Halite; Salt; Table salt; Saline; Rock salt; Common salt; Dendritis; Purex; Sodium chloric; Top flake; Sodium chloride (NaCl); Hyposaline; Flexivial; Gingivyl; Iodized salt; Slow Sodium; Sea salt; SS salt; Sodium monochloride; Natriumchlorid; Adsorbanac; Hypersal; Trisodium trichloride; White crystal; NaCl; H.G. blending; Salt (ingredient); sodiumchloride; Colyte; Sodium chloride (Na4Cl4); Caswell No. 754; Extra Fine 200 Salt; Extra Fine 325 Salt; Sodium chloride brine, purified; Arm-A-Vial; CCRIS 982; Natriumchlorid [German]; HSDB 6368; MFCD00003477; EPA Pesticide Chemical Code 013905; UNII-451W47IQ8X; EINECS 231-598-3; NSC 77364; Sodium chloride, hypertonic; 10% Sodium Chloride Injection; CHEBI:26710; 451W47IQ8X; NSC-77364; Ayr; LS-1700; Buffer Solution, TISAB; Sodium chloride Pharma; Sodium chloride, extra pure; Sodium chloride solution, 5 M; Isotonic saline; Broncho saline; Sodium, Reference Standard Solution; ClNa; Natrum Muriaticum; Sodium chloride, 99+%, ACS reagent; Sodium chloride, 99.5%, for analysis; Sodium chloride, 99.5%, for biochemistry; Sodium chloride, ACS reagent, >=99.0%; Sodium-36 chloride; Sodium chloride, pure, ca. 26% solution in water; Sodium chloride physiological solution, BioUltra, tablet; Sodium chloride (Na36Cl); Sodium chloride [USP:JAN]; Isotonic; Kochsalz; Mafiron; Rocksalt; Titrisol; cloruro sodico; odium chloride; sodium-chloride; Solsel; Sodium chloride [USAN:JAN]; Dendritic salt; natrii chloridum; Saline Solution; Sea water; Watesal A; Uzushio Biryuu M; chlorure de sodium; Sodium chloride, 99.85%, for molecular biology, DNAse, RNAse and Protease free; Adsorbanac (TN); Brinewate Superfine; Sodium chloride in plastic container; sodium chloride salt; Canners 999; Sodium Chloride ACS; ACMC-20ajon; Sodium chloride 3% in plastic container; Sodium chloride 5% in plastic container; Saline, sodium chloride; Sodium chloride, tablet; Sodium chloride Pharma; Sodium chloride solution; Sodium chloride (8CI); Sodium chloride 0.9% in plastic container; mono-sodium chloride salt; Sodium chloride 0.45% in plastic container; Sodium chloride 23.4% in plastic container; Sodium chloride, isotonic; UNII-VR5Y7PDT5W; Salt (6CI,7CI); VR5Y7PDT5W; Special Salt 100/95; WLN: NA G; EC 231-598-3; 14762-51-7; KSC377C6D; Sodium chloride 0.9% in sterile plastic container; Sodium chloride, ACS reagent; Sodium chloride (JP17/USP); Sodium chloride solution, 1 M; Sodium chloride solution, 2 M; Bacteriostatic sodium chloride 0.9% in plastic container; CHEMBL1200574; DTXSID3021271; CTK2H7161; KS-00000VGU; Sodium chloride biochemical grade; Sodium chloride solution, 0.1 M; Sodium chloride solution, 0.85%; Sodium chloride solution, isotonic; NSC77364; Sodium chloride, AR, >=99.9%; Sodium chloride, LR, >=99.5%; Sodium chloride, MANAC Incorporated; Sodium chloride, >=99%, AR grade; Sodium chloride, 99.5%, for HPLC; AKOS024438089; AKOS024457457; 10% Sodium chloride solution in water; DB09153; Sodium Chloride saturated solution 26%; Sodium chloride, technical grade, 95%; Sodium chloride, technical grade, 97%; Sodium chloride, Ph. Eur., USP grade; Sodium chloride, p.a., 99-100.5%; 32343-72-9; Chloride standard solution, 1 mg/mL Cl-; Sodium chloride Pharma; Sodium chloride, NIST(R) SRM(R) 919b; Sodium chloride, ReagentPlus(R), >=99%; Sodium chloride, USP, 99.0-100.5%; Sodium chloride, USP, 99.0-101.0%; B7288; FT-0645114; Q2314; S0572; Sodium chloride, BioXtra, >=99.5% (AT); Z3733; Sodium chloride, SAJ first grade, >=99.0%; Sodium chloride, tested according to Ph.Eur.; C13563; D02056; Sodium chloride, 99.999% trace metals basis; Sodium chloride, JIS special grade, >=99.5%; Sodium chloride, Trace metals grade, 99.99%; Isotopic standard for chlorine, NIST SRM 975a; Sodium chloride, Vetec(TM) reagent grade, 99%; Sodanylium and hydrochloric acid, ion(1-) (1:1); Sodium chloride, puriss. p.a., >=99.5% (AT); Sodium chloride, NIST(R) SRM(R) 2201, ion-selective; Sodium chloride crystal optic disc, 32mm x 3mm, unpolished; UNII-HJT620308C component FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M; Sodium chloride, BioUltra, for molecular biology, >=99.5% (AT); Sodium chloride, puriss. p.a., >=99.5% (AT), powder or crystals; Sodium chloride, reagent grade, >=98%, +80 mesh particle size; Sodium chloride, United States Pharmacopeia (USP) Reference Standard; Sodium standard for AAS, ready-to-use, traceable to BAM, in H2O; Sodium chloride Pharma; Sodium chloride crystal optic rectangle, 30mm x 15mm x 4mm, unpolished; Sodium chloride solution, BioUltra, for molecular biology, ~5 M in H2O; Sodium chloride solution, technical, ~26% (saturated in water at 20C, AT); Sodium chloride, anhydrous, beads, -10 mesh, 99.99% trace metals basis; Sodium chloride, anhydrous, beads, -10 mesh, 99.999% trace metals basis; Sodium chloride, p.a., ACS reagent, reag. ISO, reag. Ph. Eur., 99.5%; Sodium chloride, random crystals, optical grade, 99.98% trace metals basis; Sodium chloride crystal optic rectangle, 41mm x 23mm x 6mm, polished both sides; Sodium chloride solution, 0.9% in water, BioXtra, suitable for cell culture; Sodium chloride, anhydrous, free-flowing, Redi-Dri(TM), ReagentPlus(R), >=99%; Sodium chloride, anhydrous, Redi-Dri(TM), free-flowing, ACS reagent, >=99%; Sodium chloride Pharma; Sodium chloride, BioPerformance Certified, >=99% (titration), Cell Culture Tested; Sodium chloride, meets analytical specification of Ph. Eur., BP, USP, 99.0-100.5%; Sodium chloride, Pharmaceutical Secondary Standard; Certified Reference Material; Sodium chloride, puriss. p.a., ACS reagent, reag. ISO, reag. Ph. Eur., >=99.5%; Sodium atomic spectroscopy standard concentrate 1.00 g Na, 1.00 g/L, for 1 l standard solution, analytical standard; Sodium atomic spectroscopy standard concentrate 10.00 g Na, 10.00 g/L, for 1 l standard solution, analytical standard; Sodium chloride solution, 5 M in H2O, BioReagent, for molecular biology, suitable for cell culture; Sodium chloride, BioReagent, suitable for cell culture, suitable for insect cell culture, suitable for plant cell culture, >=99%; Sodium chloride, certified reference material for titrimetry, certified by BAM, according to ISO 17025, >=99.5%; Sodium chloride, for molecular biology, DNase, RNase, and protease, none detected, >=98% (titration); Sodium chloride, PharmaGrade, USP, Manufactured under appropriate GMP controls for pharma or biopharmaceutical production.; Sodium chloride, puriss., meets analytical specification of Ph. Eur., BP, USP, 99.0-100.5% (calc. to the dried substance), <=0.00002% Al; Sodium standard solution, suitable for atomic absorption spectrometry, 1000 ppm Na, 1 mg/mL Na; Sodium chloride Pharma; SODYUM KLORÜR LAÇ; SODYUM KLORÜR LACI; sodyum klorür; sodyum klorür ilaç; sodyum klorür ilac; SODYUM KLORÜR
SODIUM CHLORIDE PHARMA
What is it?
Sodium chloride Pharma (NaCl) is the chemical name for salt. Sodium chloride Pharma occurs naturally as the mineral halite. Commercially, it is obtained by the solar evaporation of salt water, or by mining. It is a component of Sodium chloride Pharma injections USP, and has production uses in pharmaceutical processing.[1]
Sodium chloride Pharma has uses a channeling agent, and as an osmotic agent in the cores of controlled-release tablets. It also is used to help modify drug release, and to adjust porosity in tablet coatings. It can adjust drug release from gels and emulsions, and adjust the thickness of solutions by altering the ionic attributes of a formulation.[1]
Sodium chloride Pharma is widely used in a variety of pharmaceutical products to produce isotonic solutions. It is used in normal nasal saline sprays, in intravenous lock flush solutions, and in eye washes or solutions. Sodium chloride Pharma tablets are also available to replace salt lost through excess sweating to help prevent muscle cramps. Sodium chloride Pharma solution may also be used to dilute medications for nebulization and inhalation.[2]
As an excipient, Sodium chloride Pharma may be regarded as nontoxic and nonirritant. However, toxic effects following the oral ingestion of 0.5–1.0 g per kilogram of body weight in adults may occur.[1]
Abstract Sodium chloride Pharma ceutical applications must fulfill high purity requirements, as excipients or active pharmaceutical ingredients (API). In addition to the chemical purity, bacteriological limits must also be observed. The requirements are defined in pharmacopoeias (BP, Ch.P., JP, Ph.Eur., USP, KP, Ph.Rus.) and individually specified in quality agreements between salt producers and pharmaceutical companies. Solar salts and rock salts cannot be used directly as pharmaceutical salt due to their insufficient purity and/or increased microbial content. The required purity can only be achieved by crystallizing vacuum salt. For this purpose, the methods single effect, multiple effect, MVR and recrystallization are available. The first three technologies require additionally the removal of mother liquor from the crystals by washing with purified water, usually per production campaign. The recrystallization process doesn’t require additional washing due to the low sulfate concentration in the process brine loop. The sulfate requirements for pharmaceutical salt will be automatically fulfilled. Generally, high bromide and potassium contents in the crude salt or in the crude brine make the production of pharmaceutical salt difficult or even impossible. Several case studies from Europe, Asia and Africa confirm the recrystallization process as suitable for the production of pharmaceutical salt. The production of API Sodium chloride Pharma requires compliance with GMP standards (FDA, EU-GMP). Pharmaceutical salt with extreme low sulfate limits, like in China, needs additional sulfate removal from the raw brine and/or double crystallization. Since anticaking agents or free-flow additives may not be used for pharmaceutical salt, special measures are required to prevent caking of the salt. Granulation can be an additional process step. One possible application for granulation is the production of dry dialysis concentrates, where only the pharmaceutical grade vacuum salt is granulated or in mixture with other salts required for the dialysis. The preparation of pharmaceutical grade brine requires removal of undesirable ions, such as calcium, magnesium, and sulfate. This can be achieved by chemical precipitation, ion exchange and/or nanofiltration. The main applications of pharmaceutical sodium chloride are hemodialysis and peritoneal dialysis. Further applications include IV (intravenous) solutions, oral rehydration salts and extraction of biological heparin. Due to the worldwide growing demand, this market segment might be of increasing interest for salt producers.
Pharmaceutical grade sodium chloride is required for dialysis solutions (hemodialysis, peritoneal dialysis, hemofiltration), intravenous (IV) injections, oral rehydration salts, channeling agents, osmotic agents, cleansing solutions, pharmaceutical formulations, nutrition (enteral, parenteral), extraction of biological heparin, and non-medical applications (corrosion testing, cosmetics, etc.). Dialysis application dominates with a 50% share the global market due to the worldwide mounting kidney failure. The worldwide increasing wealth also drives the pharmaceutical grade Sodium chloride Pharma market as spending in the healthcare sector are increasing. Dialysis is used as replacement for lost kidney functions, cleaning the blood from waste products through artificial means. Renal dialysis is vital to a growing number of patients around the world and the only alternative for many people, because kidney transplantation is precluded due to a shortage of donor organs. Sodium chloride is the major component of dry and liquid hemodialysis concentrates, as well as peritoneal dialysis solutions. The second key application of pharmaceutical grade Sodium chloride Pharma are IV solutions. These solutions have a wide range of applications which include regulation of blood pressure, hydration, electrolyte balance, medication and nutrition delivery, flushing, cleaning out IV lines and feed tubes, wound cleaning, renal dialysis and plasma collection. Urological and gynecological surgeries, and knee and hip replacements, may require up to 30 liters of solution for each treatment. Sodium chloride Pharma 0.9% injection bags are currently in shortage in the U.S. [1]. Most often, diarrhea kills children and elder people by dehydration. In order to replace the lost liquid, it is essential to feed extra drinks as soon as diarrhea starts. Oral rehydration therapy with oral rehydration salt (ORS) solutions is a cheap, simple and effective way to treat dehydration caused by diarrhea. It has substantially contributed to the dramatic global reduction in mortality from diarrheal disease. ORS is the name of a balanced glucose-electrolyte mixture, where each sachet with 20.5 grams contains 2.6 grams Sodium chloride Pharma, 13.5 grams anhydrous glucose, 1.5 grams potassium chloride and 2.9 grams tri Sodium chloride Pharma citrate, dihydrate [2]. Global pharmaceutical grade Sodium chloride Pharma consumption is estimated to reach 690 kt by 2019 [3]. The market is continuously growing, with North-America as the leading consumer, followed by the Asia-Pacific region and Europe. U.S., Germany and Japan are also among the world’s largest consumers. The Asia-Pacific region with China, India, Indonesia, Vietnam, etc. is the fastest growing market across the world, followed by North-America and Europe. By 2021, an annual growth rate of approximately 6% of the worldwide dialysis patients is expected. The overall pharmaceutical grade Sodium chloride Pharma market will continue to grow with a compound annual growth rate (CAGR) of more than 5% in terms of volume. It is estimated to reach 1,000 kt by 2025, making the Asia-Pacific region, Africa, South-America, Eastern Europe, and the Russian Commonwealth particularly attractive for new capacities or capacity expansion. At present, only around 30 companies out of hundreds of salt producers worldwide produce pharmaceutical grade Sodium chloride Pharma. One reason for this is that pharmaceutical grade Sodium chloride Pharma is a salt specialty with a market share of less than 1% of the total global salt demand. The major part goes to applications in the chemical industry, road de-icing, human and animal nutrition and water treatment. In addition, pharmaceutical salt is only suitable in the form of vacuum salt, and specific measures in production, quality monitoring and documentation are necessary. Extra certifications and qualifications are also required.
Pharmaceutical grade Sodium chloride Pharma is required in injections; hemodialysis, peritoneal dialysis, & hemofiltration solutions, oral rehydration salts (ORS), channeling agents/ osmotic agent, mechanical cleansing solutions, and others (dietary formulations and infant formulations). The report covers qualitative aspect and detailed volume (kilotons) and value ($Million) forecasts along with its applications and region.
This study aims at estimating the global market for 2013 and to project the expected demand of the same by 2019. This market research study provides a detailed qualitative and quantitative analysis of the global pharmaceutical grade Sodium chloride Pharma market. It provides a comprehensive review of key market drivers, restraints, opportunities, winning imperatives, challenges, and key issues in the market. The market is segmented and projected for important regions, such as Asia-Pacific, Europe, North America and Rest of the World, which are further segmented for key countries in each region.
This research report categorizes the global pharmaceutical grade Sodium chloride Pharma market on the basis of applications and region along with forecasting volume, value, and trends in each of the markets.
On the basis of application:
Pharmaceutical grade Sodium chloride Pharma is characterized on the basis of applications that include injections, hemodialysis, peritoneal dialysis, & hemofiltration solutions, oral rehydration salts (ORS), channeling agents/ osmotic agent, mechanical cleansing solutions, and others (dietary formulations and infant formulations). These applications are described in detail in this report.
On the basis of region:
Regional level segmentation is done for Pharmaceutical grade Sodium chloride Pharma that includes North America, Asia-Pacific, Europe and Rest of the World and further for key countries in each region that include U.S., China, Japan, India, Germany, France, and Belgium. South America, Africa and Middle East are collectively considered in Rest of the World.
The pharmaceutical grade Sodium chloride Pharma market is estimated to witness a CAGR of 6.9% between 2014 and 2019 in terms of volume, and the consumption is anticipated to reach 690 KT by 2019.
The report on ‘Pharmaceutical grade Sodium chloride Pharma market’ considers study by its applications. Pharmaceutical grade Sodium chloride Pharma finds its application in injections, dialysis, oral rehydration salts (ORS), pharmaceutical formulations, mechanical cleansing solutions, and others (dietary formulations and infant formulations). The market is estimated to increase significantly in Asia-Pacific due to the increasing awareness and increased spending of the region in the healthcare sector. The growing dialysis and IV solutions applications are projected to register descent CAGRs in terms of volume, during the forecast period (2014-
Growing awareness, increased spending in the healthcare sector and excessive availability and accessibility makes Asia-Pacific an attractive market for capacity expansion. Asia-Pacific is the fastest growing market across the world, followed by North America and Europe. With the aforementioned opportunities, the overall pharmaceutical grade Sodium chloride Pharma market remains attractive for coming years.
The key participants in this market are AkzoNobel [Sanal Pharma] (The Netherlands), K+S AG (Germany), Dominion Salt (New Zealand), Salinen Austria AG (Austria), Cargill Incorporated (U.S.), Sudsalz (Germany), Cheetham Salt (Australia) and Hub Salt (Pakistan).
This report follows both top-down and bottom-up approaches to estimate and forecast the global market size.
Sodium chloride Pharma, ACS, USP-EP-JP
Hawkins carries high purity, pharmaceutical grade Sodium chloride Pharma. We also carry pharmaceutical grade Sodium chloride Pharma in bulk and in multiple packaging options.
Appearance: White Crystals
Molecular Weight: 58.44
Chemical Formula: NaCl
CAS #: 7647-14-5
Solubility: 36g/100ml water at 20°C
Storage Conditions: Store in tight containers at 15-30ºC
Sodium chloride Pharma, ACS supplied by Hawkins, Inc. Pharmaceutical Group meets the standards of the American Chemical Society (ACS).
Sodium chloride Pharma, USP-EP-JP: Sodium chloride Pharma, USP/EP/JP supplied by Hawkins, Inc. Pharmaceutical Group meets the standards of United States Pharmacopeia (USP), European Pharmacopeia (EP), and Japanese Pharmacopeia (JP) monograph standards below.
Product Description
Sodium chloride Pharma (Pharma Grade)
is a white crystalline solid commonly known as common salt, table salt or halite, is an ionic compound with the chemical formula NaCl, representing a 1:1 ratio of Sodium chloride Pharma and chloride ions. It is one of the most abundant minerals on Earth and an essential nutrient for many animals and plants. Pharmaceutical grade Sodium chloride Pharma or pharmaceutical salt is manufactured under appropriate GMP controls norm for pharmaceutical production it is a screened, granular, white crystalline Sodium chloride Pharma manufactured under stringent process control procedures.
WE GUARANTEE CONTINOUS HIGH QUALITY
Sodium chloride Pharma Pharmaceutical Quality are committed to purity our customers can rely on. Salt in its purest form and without additives plays an essential role in the pharmaceutical industry, in the manufacture medical and pharmaceutical products.
Active Pharmaceutical Ingredients – API
Comply with the monographs of all international pharmacopoeia
Registered licenses for all main markets, including US DMF
P Sodium chloride Pharma Pharmaceutical Quality – API quality
P+ Sodium chloride Pharma Pharmaceutical Quality – API quality
Dedicated manufacturing line and finishing area – FDA accepted
Manufacturing based on GMP-ICH Q7 guidelines for API
What is Sodium chloride Pharma?
Sodium chloride Pharma (NaCl), also known as salt, is an essential compound our body uses to:
absorb and transport nutrients
maintain blood pressure
maintain the right balance of fluid
transmit nerve signals
contract and relax muscles
Salt is an inorganic compound, meaning it doesn’t come from living matter. It’s made when Na (Sodium chloride Pharma) and Cl (chloride) come together to form white, crystalline cubes.
Your body needs salt to function, but too little or too much salt can be harmful to your health.
While salt is frequently used for cooking, it can also be found as an ingredient in foods or cleansing solutions. In medical cases, your doctor or nurse will typically introduce Sodium chloride Pharma as an injection. Read on to see why and how salt plays an important role in your body.
What’s the difference between salt and Sodium chloride Pharma?
Despite the fact that many people use the words Sodium chloride Pharma and salt interchangeably, they are different. Sodium chloride Pharma is a mineral and a nutrient that’s naturally occurring. Unprocessed foods like fresh vegetables, legumes, and fruit can naturally have Sodium chloride Pharma. Baking soda has Sodium chloride Pharma too.
But about 75 to 90 percent of the Sodium chloride Pharma we get comes from salt already added to our foods. The weight of salt is usually a combination of 40 percent Sodium chloride Pharma and 60 percent chloride.
How can you use Sodium chloride Pharma?
How is Sodium chloride Pharma used medically?
When your doctor prescribes a treatment with salt, they’ll use the term Sodium chloride Pharma. Sodium chloride Pharma mixed with water creates a saline solution, which has a number of different medical purposes.
Medical uses for a saline solution include:
Name Use
IV drips to treat dehydration and electrolyte imbalances; can be mixed with sugar
Saline flush injections to flush a catheter or IV after medication is administered
Nasal irrigation or nasal drops to clear congestion and reduce post nasal drip and keep the nasal cavity moist
Cleaning wounds to wash and rinse the area for a clean environment
Eye drops to treat eye redness, tearing, and dryness
Sodium chloride Pharma inhalation to help create mucus so you can cough it out
It’s important to consult a doctor and only use medical saline products (excluding over-the-counter products like contact solution) as prescribed. Different types of saline solutions will contain different ratios of Sodium chloride Pharma to water. Saline that’s used for different purposes may also have additional chemicals or compounds added in.
How much salt should you eat?
Although salt and Sodium chloride Pharma are different, salt is 40 percent Sodium chloride Pharma and we get most of our Sodium chloride Pharma intake from salt. Many companies and restaurants use salt to preserve, season, and flavor their food. Since one teaspoon of salt has about 2,300 milligrams (mg) of Sodium chloride Pharma, it’s easy to go over the daily value.
According to the CDCTrusted Source, the average American eats over 3,400 mg each day. You can limit your Sodium chloride Pharma intake by eating unprocessed foods. You may also find it easier to manage your Sodium chloride Pharma intake by making more meals at home.
The American Dietary Guidelines recommendTrusted Source that Americans consume less than 2,300 mg of Sodium chloride Pharma per day.
Low- Sodium chloride Pharma diet
Your doctor may suggest sticking to a low- Sodium chloride Pharma diet if you’re at risk for high blood pressure or heart disease. If you have heart disease, you should try to consume less than 2,000 mg of Sodium chloride Pharma per day, although the American Heart Association (AHA) recommends keeping it under 1,500 mg. Eliminating processed foods like sausages and ready-made meals may make maintaining this number easier.
Top ten low- Sodium chloride Pharma frozen meals »
What does your body use Sodium chloride Pharma for?
Nutrient absorption and transportation
Sodium chloride Pharma and chloride play an important role in your small intestine. Sodium chloride Pharma helps your body absorb:
Maintaining resting energy
Sodium chloride Pharma and potassium are electrolytes in the fluid outside and inside your cells. The balance between these particles contributes to how your cells maintain your body’s energy.
It’s also how nerves send signals to the brain, your muscles contract, and your heart functions.
Maintaining blood pressure and hydration
Your kidneys, brain, and adrenal glands work together to regulate the amount of Sodium chloride Pharma in your body. Chemical signals stimulate the kidney to either hold on to water so it can be reabsorbed into the bloodstream or get rid of excess water through the urine.
When there’s too much Sodium chloride Pharma in your bloodstream, your brain signals your kidneys to release more water into your blood circulation. This leads to an increase in blood volume and blood pressure. Decreasing your Sodium chloride Pharma intake can lead to less water being absorbed into the bloodstream. The result is a lower blood pressure.
Side effects
For the most part, Sodium chloride Pharma isn’t a health hazard, but in excessive amounts it can irritate your:
Excess salt
While Sodium chloride Pharma is essential, it’s also in large amounts of almost everything we eat. Eating too much salt is linked to:
Too little Sodium chloride Pharma
Sodium chloride Pharma deficiency is usually a sign of an underlying disorder. The name for this condition is hyponatremia. It can be due to:
About 75 to 90 percent of our Sodium chloride Pharma intake comes from salt, or Sodium chloride Pharma. Salt provides an essential mineral (Sodium chloride Pharma) that our bodies use for functions such as maintaining blood pressure and absorbing nutrients. You can also use salt for seasoning foods, cleaning your household items, and addressing certain medical issues.
The American Dietary Guidelines suggest you eat less than 2,300 mg of Sodium chloride Pharma per day. You can do this by eating less processed foods, like cold cuts and prepackaged foods, and cooking meals at home.
What foods have the least amount of Sodium chloride Pharma? »
Too much salt can lead to bigger health concerns like high blood pressure, heart disease, and kidney disease. Lowering your salt intake while increasing how much potassium you get can help lower your risk for those conditions.
You should consult your doctor before adding more Sodium chloride Pharma to your diet. Most people exceed the recommended amount, but people who drink excessive amounts of water, have persistent diarrhea, or participate in long endurance events may have Sodium chloride Pharma deficiency. In these cases, good oral hydration may help. In more severe cases, a healthcare professional may need to provide intravenous (IV) saline solution to restore hydration and electrolytes.
Sodium chloride Pharma
Sodium chloride Pharma (NaCl), commonly known as salt, is one of the most abundant minerals on Earth and an essential nutrient for many animals and plants. It is naturally found in seawater and in underground rock formations.
What is Sodium chloride Pharma?
Sodium chloride Pharma is the chemical name for salt. Sodium chloride Pharma is an electrolyte that regulates the amount of water in your body. Sodium chloride Pharma also plays a part in nerve impulses and muscle contractions.
Sodium chloride Pharma is used to treat or prevent Sodium chloride Pharma loss caused by dehydration, excessive sweating, or other causes.
Sodium chloride Pharma may also be used for purposes not listed in this medication guide.
Important Information
You should not take Sodium chloride Pharma if you have ever had an allergic reaction to it, or if you have high Sodium chloride Pharma levels in your blood.
Before you take Sodium chloride Pharma, tell your doctor if you have high blood pressure, kidney or liver disease, fluid retention (especially around your legs or your lungs), congestive heart failure, preeclampsia of pregnancy if you are on a low-salt diet, or if you are allergic to any foods or drugs.
Tell your doctor if you are pregnant or breast-feeding.
Stop using Sodium chloride Pharma and call your doctor at once if you have stomach pain, nausea and vomiting, or swelling in your hands or feet.
Call your doctor if your symptoms do not improve, or if they get worse while using Sodium chloride Pharma.
Before taking this medicine
You should not take Sodium chloride Pharma if you have ever had an allergic reaction to it, or if you have high Sodium chloride Pharma levels in your blood.
To make sure you can safely take Sodium chloride Pharma, tell your doctor if you have any of these other conditions:
FDA pregnancy category C. It is not known whether Sodium chloride Pharma will harm an unborn baby. Tell your doctor if you are pregnant or plan to become pregnant while using this medication.
It is not known whether Sodium chloride Pharma passes into breast milk or if it could harm a nursing baby. Do not use this medication without telling your doctor if you are breast-feeding a baby.
How should I take Sodium chloride Pharma?
Take exactly as prescribed by your doctor. Do not take in larger or smaller amounts or for longer than recommended. Follow the directions on your prescription label.
Take Sodium chloride Pharma with a full glass (8 ounces) of water.
Sodium chloride Pharma may be taken with or without food.
To be sure this medication is helping your condition, your blood may need to be tested often. Visit your doctor regularly.
Do not share this medication with another person, even if they have the same symptoms you have.
Call your doctor if your symptoms do not improve, or if they get worse while using Sodium chloride Pharma.
What should I avoid while taking Sodium chloride Pharma?
Avoid becoming overheated or dehydrated during exercise and in hot weather. Follow your doctor’s instructions about the type and amount of liquids you should drink. In some cases, drinking too much liquid can be as unsafe as not drinking enough.
Sodium chloride Pharma side effects
Get emergency medical help if you have any of these signs of an allergic reaction: hives; difficult breathing; swelling of your face, lips, tongue, or throat.
Stop using Sodium chloride Pharma and call your doctor at once if you have a serious side effect such as:
This is not a complete list of side effects and others may occur. Call your doctor for medical advice about side effects. You may report side effects to FDA at 1-800-FDA-1088.
See also:
Sodium chloride Pharma side effects (in more detail)
What other drugs will affect Sodium chloride Pharma?
There may be other drugs that can interact with Sodium chloride Pharma. Tell your doctor about all medications you use. This includes prescription, over-the-counter, vitamin, and herbal products. Do not start a new medication without telling your doctor.
See also:
Sodium chloride Pharma drug interactions (in more detail)
Further information
Remember, keep this and all other medicines out of the reach of children, never share your medicines with others, and use this medication only for the indication prescribed.
Always consult your healthcare provider to ensure the information displayed on this page applies to your personal circumstances.
Sodium chloride Pharma (NaCl)
What is Sodium chloride Pharma?
Sodium chloride Pharma is an ionic compound in which the Sodium chloride Pharma and chloride ions are in the ratio of 1:1. It is commonly called table salt, common salt or halite (the mineral form of common salt).
It is the salt which is mainly responsible for the salinity of seawater and for the extracellular fluid which is present in many multi-cellular organisms. It finds its application from household to industrial processes. Seawater is a major source of this salt.
The chemical formula of Sodium chloride Pharma is NaCl.
The Occurrence of Sodium chloride Pharma
Mostly all the chemical compounds which consist of chlorine or Sodium chloride Pharma is usually derived from salts. It is distributed abundantly in nature. Salt is a major ingredient of the dissolved materials in seawater.
Pure salt can be obtained from mineral halite. Sodium chloride Pharma is obtained by mining the deposits and brine solution is obtained by passing water into the deposits. Hence the salts get dissolved then the solution is pumped out.
Evaporation of the sea water is one of the major processes used to obtain salt and is most widely followed in countries like India. The crystals obtained usually consists of impurities such as calcium sulfate, Sodium chloride Pharma sulfate etc. Pure crystals are obtained by dissolving the salts with little water and filtering the solution.
Preparation of Sodium chloride Pharma
However, Sodium chloride Pharma and chlorine respond together to generate a substance that is familiar to nearly everybody in the globe that is Sodium chloride Pharma, or table salt, or common salt.
2Na(s) + Cl2(g) → 2NaCl(s)
Properties of Sodium chloride Pharma
It is easily soluble in water and partially soluble or insoluble in other liquids.
They are white crystals which do not have an odour but possess a taste.
In its aqueous state NaCl acts as a good conductor of electricity due to the free movement of the ions.
It has a melting point of 801°C and a boiling point of 1,413°C.
Sodium chloride Pharma Crystal Structure
Sodium chloride Pharma Crystal Structure
Uses of Sodium chloride Pharma
It is widely used in food industries as a food preservative and as a flavour enhancer.
It is a major raw material in the industrial manufacturing of various chemicals such as Sodium chloride Pharma carbonate, Sodium chloride Pharma hydrogen carbonate etc.
This salt is used in glass production.
In cold countries, it is used to prevent the build-up of ice on roads, bridges etc which is important for safe driving conditions.
Frequently Asked Questions – FAQs
What is Sodium chloride Pharma used for?
The basic compound used by our body to digest and transport nutrients is Sodium chloride Pharma ( NaCl), also known as salt. Preservation of blood pressure. Keeping the correct fluid balance.
Why the formula of Sodium chloride Pharma is NaCl?
If Sodium chloride Pharma atoms interact with chlorine atoms, Sodium chloride Pharma is formed. Sodium chloride Pharma will donate an electron (which is a negative-charged particle) to chlorine as this happens. The chemical formula for Sodium chloride Pharma is NaCl, indicating that there is precisely one chloride atom for every Sodium chloride Pharma atom present.
Does Sodium chloride Pharma kill bacteria?
Sodium chloride Pharma is not only used for a number of different things, but is a good antibacterial agent as well. An antibacterial agent is one that prevents bacteria from developing and multiplying.
What is the primary composition of NaCl?
Formula and structure: NaCl is the molecular formula of Sodium chloride Pharma and 58.44 g / mol is its molar mass. It is an ionic compound which consists of a chloride anion (Cl-) and a Sodium chloride Pharma cation (Na+).
SODYUM KLORÜR LAÇ
%20 Sodyum Klorür ilaç Çözeltisi çeren Ampul
Damar içine uygulanr.
• Etkin madde: Her bir 10 ml ampul etkin madde olarak 2000 mg Sodyum Klorür ilaç içerir.
•Yardmc maddeler: Enjeksiyonluk su.
Bu Kullanma Talimatnda:
1. %20 Sodyum Klorür ilaç Çözeltisi çeren Ampul nedir ve ne için kullanlr?
2. %20 Sodyum Klorür ilaç Çözeltisi çeren Ampul’ü kullanmadan önce dikkat edilmesi
gerekenler
3. %20 Sodyum Klorür ilaç Çözeltisi çeren Ampul nasl kullanlr?
4. Olas yan etkiler nelerdir?
5. %20 Sodyum Klorür ilaç Çözeltisi çeren Ampul’ün saklanmas
Balklar yer almaktadr.
1. %20 Sodyum Klorür ilaç Çözeltisi çeren Ampul nedir ve ne için kullanlr?
Spesifik elektrolit ihtiyac olan hastalarda parenteral svlara ilave edilir.Ayrca; küçük
semptomatik varikoz venler için sklerozandr.
Bu ilac kullanmaya balamadan önce KULLANMA TALMATINI dikkatlice
okuyunuz, çünkü sizin için önemli bilgiler içermektedir.
drarla ar Sodyum Klorür ilaç kayplarnda;
・ Sodyum kaybettiren diüretik almlarnda,
・ Sodyum kaybettiren nefritlerde,
・ Akut böbrek yetmezliinin poliüri devrinde,
Hemodiyaliz hastalarnda; ar sv ultrafiltrasyonu yaplrken, su ile beraber sodyum
konveksiyon ile kaybolduu hallerde, sodyum açn yerine koymak, hem damar yatan
hipertonik bir svyla doldurmak, hem de bunu yaparken az miktar svy vermeyi
gerektiren durumlarda endikedir.
Ayrca; cilt ödemlerinin çekilmesinde lokal olarak alerjik ödemde, testislerde çeitli
nedenlerle meydana gelen enfektif olmayan ödemlerin üzerine pansuman eklinde
uygulanr.
2. %20 Sodyum Klorür ilaç Çözeltisi çeren Ampul’ü kullanmadan önce dikkat edilmesi
gerekenler
%20 Sodyum Klorür ilaç Çözeltisi çeren Ampul’ü aadaki durumlarda
KULLANMAYINIZ.
Eer;
3/9
Sodyum Klorür ilaçe veya formülasyonun herhangi bir bileenine ar duyarllnz
varsa,
%20 Sodyum Klorür ilaç Çözeltisi çeren Ampul’ü aadaki durumlarda DKKATL
KULLANINIZ.
Eer;
Bu uyarlar, geçmiteki herhangi bir dönemde dahi olsa sizin için geçerliyse lütfen
doktorunuza dannz.
4/9
%20 Sodyum Klorür ilaç Çözeltisi çeren Ampul’ün yiyecek ve içecek ile kullanlmas
Kullanm yolu nedeniyle herhangi bir uyar gerekmemektedir.
Hamilelik
lac kullanmadan önce doktorunuza veya eczacnza dannz.
Gebelik Kategorisi: C
Plasenta bariyerini ap, anne sütüne geçer. Gebe kadnda yaplm kontrollü incelemeler
yoktur. Gebe kadnda salayaca yararn fetus üzerindeki potansiyel riskini hakl
göstereceine inanlyorsa kullanlmaldr.
Tedaviniz srasnda hamile olduunuzu fark ederseniz hemen doktorunuza veya eczacnza
dannz.
Emzirme
lac kullanmadan önce doktorunuza veya eczacnza dannz.
Laktasyonda güvenlii belirlenmemitir. Bu ürünün emzirmede kullanm sadece
potansiyel yararlar yeni doana olacak potansiyel risklerin daha üzerindeyse önerilir.
Araç ve makine kullanm
Araç ve makine kullanm üzerine etkisi bilinmemektedir.
%20 Sodyum Klorür ilaç Çözeltisi çeren Ampul’ün içeriinde bulunan baz yardmc
maddeler hakknda önemli bilgiler
%20 Sodyum Klorür ilaç Çözeltisi çeren Ampul’ün içeriinde bulunan maddelere kar bir
duyarllnz yoksa, bu maddelere bal olumsuz bir etki beklenmez.
Dier ilaçlar ile birlikte kullanm
%20 Sodyum Klorür ilaç enjeksiyonu, dier ilaçlar veya çözeltilerle uyumsuzluk
gösterebilir. %20 Sodyum Klorür ilaç Çözeltisi çeren Ampul ile uyumu kesinletirebilmek için
kullanmadan önce her solüsyon veya ilacn bilgi döküman kontrol edilmelidir. Sodyum
retansiyonunu indükleyen ilaçlarla beraber kullanm sistemik etkileri alevlendirebilir.
Serum konsantrasyonunda lityum seviyesini azaltabilir.
5/9
Eer reçeteli ya da reçetesiz herhangi bir ilac u anda kullanyorsanz veya son
zamanlarda kullandnzsa lütfen doktorunuza veya eczacnza bunlar hakknda bilgi
veriniz.
3. %20 Sodyum Klorür ilaç Çözeltisi çeren Ampul nasl kullanlr?
Uygun kullanm ve doz/uygulama skl için talimatlar:
Intravenöz svlara eklenecek %20 Sodyum Klorür ilaç Çözeltisi çeren Ampulün dozaj, klinik
ve laboratuar verilerin deerlendirilmesinden sonra hesaplanmaldr. Daha sonra doru
hacimde %20 Sodyum Klorür ilaç alnp, %5’lik dekstroz gibi uygun IV çözeltiye ilave
edilerek, istenilen konsantrasyona seyreltilmelidir. Elde edilen çözelti 4 saat içerisinde
kullanlmaldr. Dozaj su ve tuz açnn hesaplanmas veya tahmini ile her hasta için
kiisel olarak tayin edilir. Büyük sv ve tuz açklar bir defada deil, tedricen
kapatlmaldr.
Uygulama yolu ve metodu
nfüzyon eklinde, tercihen santral ven yolu ile tek olarak veya dier elektrolit
solüsyonlarna ilave edilerek veya lokal olarak uygulanr.
Skleroterapi
stenilen hacim ve konsantrasyondaki %20 Sodyum Klorür ilaç Çözeltisi çeren Ampul’ü
etkilenen vene enjekte edin ve kompresyon bandaj uygulayn.
%20 Sodyum Klorür ilaç Çözeltisi çeren Ampul’ün, ba ksm aaya bükülerek krlr ve
uygulama gerçekletirilir.
Dikkat: %20 Sodyum Klorür ilaç Çözeltisi çeren Ampul, direkt olarak ve kas içine
uygulanmaz.
Özel kullanm durumlar
Böbrek/Karacier yetmezlii
Renal ve karacier yetmezlii hastas iseniz, böbrekler; sodyum tutabilir ve düük tuz
almna bal sodyum eksilmesi seyrektir. Kusma ve/veya tekrar eden diyare sonucu
barsaklardan ve örnein, çeitli renal hastalklar veya diüretiklerin ar kullanm
6/9
nedeniyle böbreklerden anormal kayplar olursa sodyum eksilmesi meydana gelebilir
(baknz Hidroklorotiazid, Elektrolit Dengesi Üzerindeki Etkiler).
Hipertonik Sodyum Klorür ilaç %3 injeksiyonu süratle düzetilmesi gereken Sodyum Klorür ilaç
kayb sonucu ortaya çkan oldukça ar elektrolit eksiklikliinin tedavisinde endikedir.
Ar Sodyum Klorür ilaç eksiklii kalp ve böbrek yetmezliinde, cerrahi müdahalelerde veya
postoperatif olarak görülebilir. Bu durumlarda ekseri klorür kayb sodyum kaybndan
fazladr. Hipertonik Sodyum Klorür ilaç %3 elektrolit ve sv tedavisinde ortaya çkabilen
hiponatremi ve hipokloremi tedavisinde de endikedir. Ar su alm sonucu ekstrasellüler
svnn dilüsyonuna bal hiponatremide (su entoksikasyonu) de kullanlr. Bu durum
psikojenik polidipsi, su kullanlarak yaplan lavmanlar ve transuretral prostatik
rezeksiyonda distile suyla irrigasyonlar sonucu görülür. Ar terleme, kusma, ishal gibi
durumlarda ar tuz kayplar hipertonik NaCI (%3) ile acil tedaviye ihtiyaç gösterir.
Ascites ile beraber olan siroz vakalarnda serum sodyumu 120 mEq/L’nin altnda ise bu
seviyeye eriene kadar Sodyum Klorür ilaç %3 verilir.
Eer %20 Sodyum Klorür ilaç Çözeltisi çeren Ampul’ün etkisinin çok güçlü veya zayf
olduuna dair bir izleniminiz var ise doktorunuz veya eczacnz ile konuunuz.
Kullanmanz gerekenden daha fazla %20 Sodyum Klorür ilaç Çözeltisi çeren Ampul
kullandysanz
Ar dozlarn alnmas halinde, kusma, diyare, kramplar, uyuukluk, yön tayin edememe,
ajitasyon ve ekstrapiramidal reaksiyonlar gibi belirtiler ortaya çkabilir. Susama hissi ve
terleme artarken, tükürük ve gözya azalr. Hipotansiyon, taikardi,
böbrek yetmezlii, periferal ve pulmoner ödem ve solunum yetmezlii oluabilir. SSS
semptomlar, baars, sersemlik hissi, huzursuzluk, irritabilite, güçsüzlük, kas seirmesi
ve rijiditesi, konvülsiyon, koma ve ölümü içerir.
Tedavi
Normal plazma sodyum konsantrasyonu, IV hipotonik Sodyum Klorür ilaç enjeksiyonu
kullanlarak, hz 10-15 mmol/gün’den daha fazla olmamak üzere dikkatli bir ekilde
salanmaldr. Eer belirgin böbrek yetmezlii mevcutsa, plazma sodyum seviyeleri 200
mmol/L’den büyükse diyaliz gerekli olabilir. Konvülsiyonlar IV diazepam ile tedavi
edilmelidir.
7/9
Belirtiler genellikle 24 saat içinde kaybolur. Acil durumlarda, antikolinerjik ve
antiparkinson ilaçlar ya da antikolinerjik etkileri olan antihistaminik ilaçlarla bu tür
belirtiler kontrol altna alnabilir. (Örn: 50 mg IM Difenhidramin HCI).
%20 Sodyum Klorür ilaç Çözeltisi çeren Ampul’den kullanmanz gerekenden fazlasn
kullanmsanz bir
doktor veya eczac ile konuunuz
%20 Sodyum Klorür ilaç Çözeltisi çeren Ampul’ü kullanmay unutursanz
Unutulan dozlar dengelemek için çift doz almaynz.
Doktorunuz atlanan dozun ne zaman uygulanacana karar verecektir.
Takip eden dozlara ilikin olarak yeni uygulama zaman için doktorunuzun talimatlarna
uymanz önemlidir.
%20 Sodyum Klorür ilaç Çözeltisi çeren Ampul ile tedavi sonlandrldnda
oluabilecek etkiler
Doktorunuzun önerisi dnda tedaviyi sonlandrmaynz. lacn kullanm srasnda bir
problemle karlarsanz doktorunuza dannz.
4. Olas yan etkiler nelerdir?
Tüm ilaçlar gibi %20 Sodyum Klorür ilaç Çözeltisi çeren Ampul’ün içeriinde bulunan
maddelere duyarl olan
kiilerde yan etkiler olabilir.
Aadakilerden herhangi birini fark ederseniz %20 Sodyum Klorür ilaç Çözeltisi çeren
Ampul ‘ü kullanmay durdurunuz ve derhal doktorunuza bildiriniz veya size en
yakn hastanenin acil bölümüne bavurunuz.
Uygulamann yapld yerde iltihaplanma
Bunlarn hepsi çok ciddi yan etkilerdir. Acil tbbi müdahale gerektirir.
Eer bu kullanma talimatnda bahsi geçmeyen herhangi bir yan etki ile karlarsanz
doktorunuzu veya eczacnz bilgilendiriniz.
Yan etkilerin raporlanmas
Kullanma talimatnda yer alan veya almayan herhangi bir yan etki meydana gelmesi
durumunda hekiminiz, eczacnz veya hemireniz ile konuunuz. Ayrca karlatnz yan
etkileri www.tick.gov.tr sitesinde yer alan “laç Yan Etki Bildirimi” ikonuna tklayarak ya
da 0 800 314 00 08 yan etki bildirim hattn arayarak Türkiye Farmakovijilans Merkezi
(TÜFAM)’ne bildiriniz. Meydana gelen yan etkileri bildirerek kullanmakta olduunuz
ilacn güvenlii hakknda daha fazla bilgi edinilmesine katk salam olacaksnz.
5. %20 Sodyum Klorür ilaç ÇÖZELTS ÇEREN AMPUL ’un saklanmas
%20 Sodyum Klorür ilaç Çözeltisi çeren Ampul’ü çocuklarn göremeyecei, eriemeyecei
yerlerde ve ambalajnda saklaynz.
25°C’nin altndaki oda scaklnda, ktan koruyarak saklaynz.
9/9
Son kullanma tarihiyle uyumlu olarak kullannz.
Ambalajdaki son kullanma tarihinden sonra %20 Sodyum Klorür ilaç Çözeltisi çeren Ampul’ü
kullanmaynz.
Son kullanma tarihi, belirtilen ayn son günü olarak alnmaldr.
Bu ürün ve/veya ambalaj herhangi bir bozukluk içeriyorsa kullanlmamaldr
Görünümü : Beyaz kat kristal haldedir.
Kimyasal Ad : Sodium chloride
Kimyasal Formülü : NaCl
Ambalaj ekli : 25 -50 kg. lk torbalarda bulunur.
Kullanm Alanlar :
Sodyum Klorür ilaç, sofra tuzu kimyada Sodyum Klorür ilaç (NaCI) olarak tanmlanr. Sodyum Klorür ilaç, beyaz kristalize bir bileiktir. Tuz tüm canllarn besin kaynaklarndan biridir. Ticari olarak da önemli bir maddedir. Sofra tuzu dünyann her tarafnda tarih boyunca önemli bir ihtiyaçtr. Tuz yaamn önemli ve zorunlu parçalarndan biridir. Sodyum Klorür ilaç, kan plazmas dahil hücre dnda bulunan svlarda yer alan balca iyonlardan birdir. Bu durumda birçok yaam destek ileminde Sodyum Klorür ilaç önemli rol oynamaktadr.
Beslenme rejimlerinin olmazsa olmaz olan Sodyum Klorür ilaçün çou tuzlardan gelmektedir. Belli ölçülerde vücuda tuz alnmas baklagiller, meyve ve sebzelerin tüketimi ile karlanabilir. Bitki arlkl minerallerin oran bitkilerin nerede yetitiine göre farkllk gösterebilir. Çünkü bitkilerin yetitii topraklarn mineral içerii corafi olarak farkllk tekil eder.
Tuz kullanm baz bölgelerde kstlanmtr. Ancak bu durum tuzun ticari bir malzeme olmas ile sonlanmtr. Tuz tarihte beyaz altn olarak nitelendirilmitir.
Sodyum Klorür ilaç yani saf sofra tuzunun erime derecesi 801 derecedir. Erime annda bozunma gerçeklemez. 1440 derecede ise buhar haline dönüür. Saf, renksiz ve kristalize bir yapdadr. Sofra tuzu doada, denizde çözünmü ekilde, kaya tuzu olarak ve kurumu ekilde iç denizlerin yatanda bulunur.
Kullanm Alanlar
Tuz dünyadaki üretimden çounu tüketen birçok kimyasaln üretiminde dorudan veya dolayl olarak kullanlr.
Solvay prosesi ile sodyum karbonat ve kalsiyum klorür üretmek için Sodyum Klorür ilaç kullanlr.
Sodyum karbonat cam, sodyum bikarbonat ve boyalarn yan sra dier kimyasallarn saysn üretmek için kullanlr.
Mannheim prosesinde ve Hargreaves prosesinde, sodyum sülfat ve hidroklorik asit üretimi için kullanlr.
Petrol ve gaz aratrmalarnda tuz, sondajlarda svlarn delinmesinin önemli bir bileenidir. Yüksek dereceli gaz basncnn üstesinden gelmek için sondaj svsnn younluunu artrmak ve topaklatrmak için kullanlr.
Tuz, çimentolu kaplamalarda betonun sertlemesini arttrmak için de kullanlr.
Sodyum Klorür ilaç Nedir?
“Sodyum Klorür ilaç” kelimesi, Latince “Natrium” demektir. “Soda metali” anlamna gelen natrium, ayn zamanda Yunanca “nitron” ad verilen doal bir tuzdur. Kimyasal sembolünü de bu kelimeden almaktadr. ngilizcesi “sodium” eklindedir. Dilimize de “Sodyum Klorür ilaç” olarak geçmitir.
Sodyum Klorür ilaç bir element olmakla birlikte, kimya bilimindeki periyodik cetvelde Na simgesi ile ifade edilmektedir. Bu elementin atom numaras 11, erime noktas ise 97,5 ’dir. Sodyum Klorür ilaç, insan vücudu için oldukça gerekli ve büyük öneme sahip bir madde olmakla birlikte kaya ve deniz tuzlarnda bulunmaktadr.
Sodyum Klorür ilaç elementi, IA gurubundaki alkali metaller arasnda yer almaktadr.
Sodyum Klorür ilaç elementi, oldukça yüksek oranda reaktif özellik göstermektedir. Su ile temas ettii srada, ortaya iddetli bir reaksiyon çkmaktadr. Yine bu madde, havada çok yüksek bir hzla oksitlenme özellii göstermektedir. Bu nedenle de, Sodyum Klorür ilaçun oksitlenmesini engellemek için, bu maddenin inert bir ortamda saklanmas gerekmektedir.
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Sodyum Klorür ilaçun Tarihçesi
Sodyum Klorür ilaç, çok eski çalardan beri bilinen ve kullanlan bir element. Sodyum Klorür ilaç klorür yani sofra tuzu ve Sodyum Klorür ilaç karbonat, birçok medeniyette tat verici ve koruyucu madde olarak kullanlmtr. Ortaça Avrupas’nda bir Sodyum Klorür ilaç bileii olan ve “sodanum” ad verilen bir ba ars ilac olarak kullanlrm. 1807 ylnda ise, Sir Humphry Davy tarafndan Sodyum Klorür ilaç hidroksitin (kostik soda) elektrolizi yöntemiyle Sodyum Klorür ilaç elde edilmi ve bu tarih Sodyum Klorür ilaçun kefi olarak kaytlara geçmitir. 19. yüzyln sonlarnda Sodyum Klorür ilaç karbonat ile karbonun stlmasyla elde edilmitir.
Sodyum Klorür ilaçun Fiziksel Özellikleri Nelerdir?
Sodyum Klorür ilaç beyaz renkte parlak bir görünüme sahip ve oldukça yumuak bir elementtir. Sodyum Klorür ilaç elementi, kaygan bir yapya sahiptir.
Kristal yaps hacim merkezli kübiktir. Hafif, yumuak, kaygan ve dövülgen bir elementtir.
Sodyum Klorür ilaçun Kimyasal Özellikleri Nelerdir?
Sodyum Klorür ilaçun kimyasal sembolü “Na”dr. Atom numaras 11, atom arl 22,99, younluu 0,96 gcm3’tür. Erime noktas 97 derece, kaynama noktas 882 derecedir. Periyodik cetvelin 1-A grubunda, alkali metaller element serisinde lityum ile potasyum arasnda yer alr. Elektrik iletkenlii cvadan yaklak 20 kat fazladr.
Sodyum Klorür ilaç
Sodyum Klorür ilaç, yüksek oranda reaktiftir. Su ile iddetli reaksiyon verir. Su ile reaksiyonunda s çkna izin verir, hidrojen gaz çkna yol açar ve kostik çözelti oluumu meydana getirir. Havada hza oksitlenir. Sar bir alevle yanar. Metal formu suda yüzer. Güçlü bir indirgendir; soukta hidrojen ve Sodyum Klorür ilaç hidroksit vererek suyu, oksijenli ve halojenli birçok bileii ayrtrr.
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Sodyum Klorür ilaç elementti çok kolay yükseltgenir. Kükürt, hidrojen, halojen ve ametallerin çouyla birleebilir. çeriinde belirli bir bileiin bulunduu bir amalgam vererek cva içinde çözünür.
Oksijenle birleerek protoksit ve peroksit verir. Sodyum Klorür ilaç protoksit, suyla birleerek kostik soda (Sodyum Klorür ilaç hidroksit) veren bazik bir oksittir. Kostik soda beyaz bir katdr ve 320 derecede erir, akkor halde uçucudur, suda s yayarak çözünür ve nem kaparak bozunur. Sodyum Klorür ilaç peroksit, suyla oksijen vererek ayrr ve asitlerle hidrojen peroksit (oksijenli su) verir.
Potasyum hidroksitle ayn özellikleri verir; fakat ondan daha az yakc bir bazdr. Bileiklerinde +1 deerliklidir. Ergimi soydum klorür veya Sodyum Klorür ilaç hidroksitin elektrolizinden, Sodyum Klorür ilaç karbonatn kömürle indirgenmesinden elde edilir. Sodyum Klorür ilaç tuzlarnn hemen hemen tamam suda çözünür. Sülfürik asidin Sodyum Klorür ilaç klorürle reaksiyonuyla Sodyum Klorür ilaç sülfat meydana gelir. Sodyum Klorür ilaç sülfat, baz inorganik kaynaklarda doal olarak da bulunur.
Yerkabuunun yüzde 2,8’ini Sodyum Klorür ilaç oluturur. Bu oranla doada en bol bulunan elementler arasnda 4. sradadr. Alkali metaller arasnda ise en bol bulunan birinci sradaki metaldir.
Günete ve yldzlarn spektrumlarnda hem atomik hem de iyonik formda Sodyum Klorür ilaç tanmlanmtr. Sodyum Klorür ilaçun 13 izotopu vardr. En kararl izotopu Na-23’tür. Doada Na-23 (% 100) izotopu bulunur. ki adet de radyoaktif izotopu bulunur. Bu izotoplardan Na-22’nin yarlanma ömrü 2,6 bin yldr. Na-24’ün yarlanma ömrü ise 15 saattir.
Sodyum Klorür ilaç Nasl Kefedilir?
Sodyum Klorür ilaç, doada saf ve elementel olarak bulunmaz. Doal bileiklerde bol bulunan elementlerdendir. Sodyum Klorür ilaç yerkabuunun arlkça %2,6’sn oluturur ve bu oranyla en çok bulunan dördüncü element ve en çok bulunan birinci alkali metaldir. Deniz suyu yaklak 1,05 orannda Sodyum Klorür ilaç içerir.
Doadaki en yaygn bileen, Sodyum Klorür ilaç klorür yani sofra tuzudur. Kaya tuzlar, deniz bitkileri ve ili güherçilesinde organik asitlerle birlemi olarak çok yaygn bulunur. Silikatlar halinde talarda bulunur. Kriolit, zeolit ve sodalit gibi birçok mineralde de Sodyum Klorür ilaç içerii vardr.
19. yüzyln sonlarnda, Sodyum Klorür ilaç; Sodyum Klorür ilaç karbonat ile karbonun birlikte 1100°C ye stlmas ile kimyasal olarak elde edilmitir.
Na2CO3 (sv) + 2 C (kat, kok) → 2 Na (buhar) + 3 CO (gaz).
Günümüzde Sodyum Klorür ilaç ticari olarak, sv Sodyum Klorür ilaç klorürün elektrolizi yoluyla üretilmektedir. lem Down hücresi içinde gerçekleir ve NaCl, ergime scaklnn 700°C nin altna düürülmesi için kalsiyum klorürle (CaCl2) kartrlr. Kalsiyum, Sodyum Klorür ilaçdan daha elektro-pozitif olduu için, katotta kalsiyum toplanmaz. Bu metot, yukarda bahsedilen Sodyum Klorür ilaç hidroksitin elektrolizi metoduna göre daha ekonomiktir.
Sodyum Klorür ilaç Nerelerde Kullanlr?
Sodyum Klorür ilaçun iyi düzeyde indirgen olmas birçok kimyasal ilemde kullanlmasn salar. Silisyum ve bor gibi elementlerin hazrlanmasnda Sodyum Klorür ilaçun indirgen özelliinden faydalanlr.
Sodyum Klorür ilaç ve bileiklerinin kullanld baz alan ve ürünler unlardr; cam, boyalar, ilaçlar, metalürji, kât, petrol, sabun, tekstil ürünleri, buharl lambalar, valfler, deterjanlar, temizlik kimyasallar, ipekler, elyaflar, seramik, pirinç kaplamalar, fotorafçlk, parfümler…
Organik kimyada çok sayda uygulamas vardr. Mutfak tuzu gibi organik bileikler ve esterlerin yapmnda kullanlr. Sodyum Klorür ilaç karbonat, sanayide yaygn olarak kullanlan oldukça faydal bir bileiktir. Bikarbonat, tpta seltz hazrlanmasnda kullanlr. Baz alamlarn içeriine katlan Sodyum Klorür ilaç, özelliklerini ve yaplarn gelitirir ve deitirir. Sodyum Klorür ilaç nitrat, önemli bir gübredir.
Sokak aydnlatmalarnda, pillerde, cam yapmnda ve sofra tuzu (NaCl) eldesinde kullanlan önemli bir bileendir.
Motorlarda vuruntuyu önleyen kurun tetraetilen üretiminde Sodyum Klorür ilaçdan faydalanlr.
Sodyum Klorür ilaç, yaplarn gelitirmek için baz alamlarda, yal asitlerle birlikte sabunlarda, metallerin yüzeyini temizleyip düzgünletirme amacyla, ergimi tuzlar saflatrmada, Sodyum Klorür ilaç buharl lambalarda aydnlatma amacyla ve baz nükleer reaktörlerde s transfer akkan olarak ve yüksek performansl, içten yanmal motorlarda içi boluklu valflerde kullanlr.
Sodyum Klorür ilaç Nerelerde Bulunur?
Bata tuzlu ve ac sular içeren göllerden, kat halde bulunan maden yataklarndan ve kimyasal proseslerden yan ürün (Sentetik) olarak elde edilmektedir. Sodyum Klorür ilaçun ve bazl ürünlerin en çok üretildii yerleri Türkiye, Almanya, ABD olarak sralayabiliriz.
Sodyum Klorür ilaç nedir
Ankara’nn kuzeybatsnda konumlanan ve Ciner Grubu’nun, 15 Ocak 2018 tarihinde 1.5 milyar dolarlk yatrmla üretime balayan Kazan Soda Elektrik Üretim A.., dünyadaki ticaret hacmi 15 milyar dolar olan ve en fazla ticareti yaplan onuncu kimyasal olarak nitelendirilen soda külünün üretimini gerçekletiren önemli firmalar arasnda yer almaktadr.
Dünyann en büyük ölçekli çözelti madencilii, soda külü üretim tesisi, 380 MWe ve 400 ton buhar üretimi ile Türkiye’nin en büyük üretim kapasiteli kojenerasyon tesislerine sahip Kazan Soda Elektrik Üretim A üretiminin tamamn ihraç edecek. Dünyann toplam doal soda külü ihtiyacnn yüzde 14’ünü karlayacak olan Kazan Soda Üretim Tesisi yerli ve milli üretimiyle Türkiye’nin cari açnn kapatlmasna da katk salayaca öngörülüyor.
Sodyum Klorür ilaç elementi, klora göre çok daha masumdur. Gümüümsü beyaz ve oldukça reaktif bir metaldir ve Dünya kabuunda en sk bulunan 6. elementtir. Ayrca hemen hemen tüm canllarn vücudunda bulunan Sodyum Klorür ilaç-potasyum pompalarnn bir parçasdr. Bu pompa sayesinde hücrelerimizde elektrik atm potansiyeli oluturulabilmektedir. Ancak Sodyum Klorür ilaç da, belli bir dozun üzerinde zehirlidir. Kann litresi bana 145 milimolden fazla Sodyum Klorür ilaç elementi bulunmas durumunda hipernatremi denen bir durum oluur. Bu durumdaki bireylerde ar susuzluk, zayflk, mide bulants, kafa karkl, itah kayb görülür.
Fazla Sodyum Klorür ilaç tüketiminin hipertansiyona neden olduunu ve Sodyum Klorür ilaç almnn azaltlmas ile hipertansiyon ve kalp hastal riskinin azaldn gösteren saysz aratrma mevcuttur (8),(9).Bunun yannda normalden düük Sodyum Klorür ilaç almnn (ar tuz kstlamasnn) yüksek tansiyon üzerinde fazladan bir etkisi olmad, hatta kalp hastal riskini arttn gösteren çok sayda çalma da vardr. Bu çalmalardan çeitli örnekler aada sralanmtr.
– Ortalama miktarda tuz tüketilmesinin kalp sal ve genel salk üzerinde olumlu etkilerinin olduu, buna mukabil tuzun fazla veya az tüketilmesinin ise kardiyovasküler hastalk riskini artrd gösterilmitir (10).
– Yaplan çalmalarda fazla tuz almnn azaltlmas önerilirken ar düük Sodyum Klorür ilaç almnn kardiyovasküler hastalk ve ölüm riskini artrdna dikkat çekilmektedir (8),(11),(12).
– Düük Sodyum Klorür ilaç içeren diyetlerin aldosteron, renin, kolesterol ve trigliserid düzeylerini artrd ifade edilmektedir (13).
– Sodyum Klorür ilaç potasyum orannn Sodyum Klorür ilaç lehine artmasnn kardiovasküler hastalk ve ölüm riskini artrd bulunmutur (20).
Yüksek Sodyum Klorür ilaç içeren beslenmenin neden baz insanlarda daha olumsuz etki yaratt ve daha az soruna yol açt Sodyum Klorür ilaç-potasyum arasndaki bu dengesizlikle açklanabilir. imdi Sodyum Klorür ilaç-potasyum dengesizliinin nasl hipertansiyona yol açtn anlatalm.
Sodyum Klorür ilaç potasyum oran kan basncn nasl etkiler?
nsan vücudu çeitli faktörler arasndaki etkileim ve ilikilere dayal fonksiyon gören karmak bir organizmadr. Sodyum Klorür ilaç düzeyi hipertansiyonda önemlidir, ancak Sodyum Klorür ilaç ve potasyum arasndaki oran daha da önemlidir. Son yaplan çalmalarda Sodyum Klorür ilaç ve potasyum düzeylerinin tek tek deerlendirilmesi yerine Sodyum Klorür ilaç-potasyum orannn daha önemli olduu kabul edilmektedir. Sodyum Klorür ilaç kstlamas kadar potasyum almnn artrlmasnn da hipertansiyon tedavisinde etkili olduu ortaya konulmutur (21).
Endüstriyel topluma geçi ile birlikte gda üretim ve ileme yöntemleri deimitir. Günümüzde tüketilen besinlerin birçok özellii atalarmzn tükettii besinlere göre farkllamtr. Asl köklü deiiklik ise son 40-50 sene içinde gerçeklemitir. lenmi gdalarn Sodyum Klorür ilaç içerii çok yükselmi, potasyum içerii ise azalmtr. Potasyumdan zengin ve Sodyum Klorür ilaç içerii düük gerçek gdalarn yerini günümüzde Sodyum Klorür ilaç oran yüksek potasyum içerii düük olan yapay “bo gdalar” almtr. Bu da elektrolit uyumsuzluuna yol açarak vücut ve kalp-damar saln olumsuz yönde etkilemektedir. Hipertansiyon, kardiovasküler hastalklar, felçler, böbrek talar, unutkanlk, osteoporoz, ülser ve mide kanseri, katarakt, erektil disfoksiyon, romatoid artrit Sodyum Klorür ilaç potasyum dengesizlii ile ilikilendirilen hastalklar arasndadr.
Sodyum Klorür ilaç ile potasyum arasndaki uyumsuzluun nasl etki yarattn moleküler düzeydeki ayrntlara girmeden ksaca ve basitletirerek anlatacam;
Aldosteron, yüksek insülin ve Sodyum Klorür ilaç damar duvarn oluturan “endotel” hücrelerini sertletirir ve nitrik oksit salglanmasn azaltr. Nitrik oksit endotel hücreleri tarafndan sentezlenen ve damarlar geveterek kan basncn düüren kimyasal bir moleküldür. Potasyum ise damarlar gevetip, yumuatan ve nitrik oksit salglanmasn artran bir mineraldir. Sodyum Klorür ilaç ve aldosteron potasyumun bu etkisini engeller. Ksaca özetlemek gerekirse; potasyumun koruyucu etkisi nitrik oksit salglatarak ve damarlarn gevemesini salayarak ortaya çkmaktadr. Bunun sonucunda kan basnc dengelenerek normal snrlarda seyretmektedir (22).
– Bir aratrmada potasyum açsndan zengin gdalar tüketen hipertansiyonu olan ve olmayan kadnlarda kalp-damar hastal, inme ve ölüm riskinin daha az olduu gösterilmitir (23).
– Birçok çalmada elde edilen sonuçlar, hipertansiyon ve kardiyovasküler hastalklarda, Sodyum Klorür ilaç potasyum orannn tek bana bütün dier risk faktörlerinden daha önemli bir risk faktörü olduunu ortaya koymutur (24),(25),(26),(27).
Gizli tuz kaynaklar nelerdir?
Ülkemizde kii ba günlük tuz tüketim miktarnn 18 gr/gün olduu saptanmtr (4). Ekmek, geleneksel ürünler (turu, salamura, konserve vb), peynir ve dier ilenmi ürünler ile yemek hazrlarken ve masada ilave edilen tuzun ar Sodyum Klorür ilaç yükü oluturduu düünülmektedir (4). Tuz yükünü azaltmak için öncelikle sofrada kullanlan ve yemeklere konulan sofra tuzunun azaltlmas önerilmektedir. Ancak tüketilen Sodyum Klorür ilaçun büyük bir ksm mutfak masasnda yemeklere eklenen tuzdan deil, ilem görmü besinlerdeki gizli Sodyum Klorür ilaçdan gelmektedir. lenmi besinler Sodyum Klorür ilaç almnn genelde %75’ ini oluturur (4). lenmi besinlerde Sodyum Klorür ilaç miktar yüksektir. Bu gdalardaki Sodyum Klorür ilaç oran içine konulan katk maddeleri ve koruyucular nedeniyle artmaktadr. Vücudun Sodyum Klorür ilaç yükü hesaplanrken genelde gizli Sodyum Klorür ilaç kaynaklar gözden kaçmaktadr. MonoSodyum Klorür ilaç glutamat (E 621), Sodyum Klorür ilaç karbonat (E 500), Sodyum Klorür ilaç benzoat (E 211), Sodyum Klorür ilaç sülfit (E 221), Sodyum Klorür ilaç nitrat (E 251), Sodyum Klorür ilaç asetat (E 262), Sodyum Klorür ilaç askorbat (E 301), Sodyum Klorür ilaç sitrat (E331), Sodyum Klorür ilaç sülfat (E 514) ve Sodyum Klorür ilaç sakarin (E 954) gizli Sodyum Klorür ilaç içeren maddelerden birkaç tanesidir (28).Bu bileikler lezzet vermek ve raf ömrünü artrmak için kullanlmaktadrlar. Yukarda da ifade ettiim gibi, iin ilginç taraf bu maddeler bol miktarda Sodyum Klorür ilaç içermelerine ramen tuz tadnda deildirler. Tuz tad alnmad için tuz tüketildii de anlalamamaktadr. Kii sofra tuzu almn kstlasa dahi bu kaynaklar ile farknda olmadan, vücudun ihtiyacndan çok daha fazla Sodyum Klorür ilaç almaktadr. Ayrca bu katklarn birçounun salk için baka önemli sakncalar da vardr. Örnein monoSodyum Klorür ilaç glutamat (MSG) salk açsndan sakncalar ortaya konulan lezzet artrc bir katk maddesidir. Çin tuzu olarak da adlandrlmaktadr. Konu hakknda daha geni bilgi için “Çin Tuzunun (MSG) Zararlar Nelerdir?” yazmz okumanz öneririm. Soya sosunda da bol miktarda MSG bulunmaktadr. Çin’de yaplan bir çalmada soya sosu kullanmnn azaltlmas durumunda Sodyum Klorür ilaç almnn belirgin oranda azalaca vurgulanmaktadr (9).