BIT ( Benzisothiazolinone)
BIT; BIT 20; Acticide B 20; Proxel GXL; Nipacide BIT 20; 1,2-Benzisothiazolin-3-one cas no :2634-33-5; EC: 220-120-9; 1,2-benzisothiazol-3(2H)-one; Benzisothiazolinone, Benzisothiazolin-3-one, Benzisothiazolone;1,2-benzisothiazol-3(2H)-one;1,2-benzisothiazolin-3-one; 1,2-Benzisothiazoline-3-one
Benzisothiazolinone (BIT) is a widely used biocide and belongs to the group of isothiazolinones.
Usage
Benzisothiazolinone has a microbicide and a fungicide mode of action. It is widely used as a preservative, for example in:
emulsion paints, caulks, varnishes, adhesives, inks, and photographic processing solutions
home cleaning and car care products; laundry detergents, stain removers and fabric softeners;
industrial settings, for example in textile spin-finish solutions, leather processing solutions, preservation of fresh animal hides and skins
agriculture in pesticide formulations
gas and oil drilling in muds and packer fluids preservation.
In paints, it is commonly used alone or as a mixture with methylisothiazolinone. Typical concentrations in products are 200–400 ppm depending on the application area and the combination with other biocides. According to a study in Switzerland, 19% of the paints, varnishes and coatings contained BIT in 2000. The fraction in adhesives, sealants, plasters and fillers was shown at that time as 25%.[3] A later study in 2014 shows a dramatic rise in usage, to 95.8% of house paints.
Health hazards
Given sufficient dose and duration, dermal exposure can produce skin sensitization and allergic contact dermatitis, and is classified as an irritant for skin and eyes. Benzisothiazolinone has also been linked with Systemic Contact Dermatitis via airborne contact.
In 2012, the Scientific Committee on Consumer Safety in Europe found BIT’s “sensitising potential is of concern…Sensitisation from related isothiazolinones is an important problem in consumers. This has occurred because there has been consumer exposure before safe levels of exposure relevant to sensitisation have been established. Benzisothiazolinone is a skin sensitiser in animal models with potency similar to methylisothiazolinone. Methylisothiazolinone, at 100 ppm (0.01%) in cosmetic products is causing contact allergy and allergic contact dermatitis in the consumer. Benzisothiazolinone is known to be a sensitiser in man and has induced sensitisation at circa 20 ppm in gloves.
The opinion further states: “There is no information on what may be safe levels of exposure to benzisothiazolinone in cosmetic products from the point of view of sensitisation. Until safe levels of exposure have been established, the use of benzisothiazolinone in cosmetic products as a preservative or for other functions cannot be considered safe in relation to sensitisation.”
Later, in 2013, researchers published a study that set out to derive the highest concentration of BIT in certain consumer products that would result in exposures below the No Expected Sensitization Induction Level (NESIL); that is, where normal use would yield a dose below the level at which skin sensitization might occur. The products under consideration were sunscreen, laundry detergent, dish soap, and spray cleaner; by way of calculation they derived BIT NESILs of 0.0075%, 0.035%, 0.035%, 0.021%, respectively. They then performed a pilot examination via bulk sample analysis of one representative product from each category labelled as containing BIT. Their findings showed all BIT concentrations well below the derived NESIL, with 0.0009% and 0.0027% for sunscreen and dish soap, respectively, and no detection in the laundry detergent and spray cleaner products, meaning the concentration was at or below the limit of detection of 0.0006%
Acticide B 20 is a clear glycol based BIT solution. Acts as a biocide. Provides complete wet state preservation. Acticide® B 20 is used in a wide range of aqueous based products.
Proxel GXL by Lonza is a 20% aqueous dipropylene glycol solution of 1,2-benzisothiazolin-3-one. Used for the preservation of industrial water-based products against spoilage from bacteria, yeasts and fungi. It has a non-specific mode of action which means that bacterial resistance is very unlikely to occur. It boils without flashing and is stable in the presence of amines. The concentration of Proxel® GXL required to adequately preserve your product depends on several factors. These include the susceptibility of the system to microbiological degradation, the extent to which micro-organisms can gain access, the species involved, pH, temperature, and length of time for which protection is required. Suitable for use in synthetic polymer emulsions, emulsion paints, printing inks, paper coating compositions. Recommended dosage is 0.05-0.15% w/w for these applications.
PROXEL GXL is a broad spectrum biocide for the preservation of industrial water-based products against spoilage from bacteria, yeasts and fungi.
PROXEL GXL is a 20% aqueous dipropylene glycol solution of 1,2-benzisothiazolin-3-one.
Applications
PROXEL GXL is effective in a wide range of industrial aqueous-based products. Application areas include:
• Synthetic polymer emulsions
• Emulsion paints
• Water-based adhesives
• Household products
• Printing inks
• Paper coating compositions
• Metal working fluids
• Agricultural pesticide dispersions
• Aqueous mineral and pigment slurries
• Tape joint compounds
• Leather processing solutions
Antimicrobial Properties
The levels of PROXEL GXL needed to prevent the growth of problem micro-organisms are listed in Table 1.
MICs do not represent effective use levels but do indicate the broad spectrum of activity of PROXEL GXL.
PROXEL GXL has a non-specific mode of action which means that bacterial resistance is very unlikely to occur.
Detailed information on the mode of action of PROXEL GXL is available on request.
Table 1: Minimum Inhibitory Concentrations (MIC)
Micro-organism PROXEL GXL (ppm)
Bacteria
Bacillus subtilis: 40
Burkholderia cepacia: 80
Enterobacter cloacae: 80
Escherichia coli: 40
Proteus vulgaris: 125
Pseudomonas aeruginosa: 250
Pseudomonas putida: 250
Staphylococcus aureus: 40
Streptococcus faecalis: 40
Streptococcus lactis: 15
Fungi
Alternaria alternata: 700
Aspergillus niger: 350
Aureobasidium pullulans: 350
Chaetomium globosum: 400
Cladosporium cladosporoides: 400
Penicillium notatum: 125
Yeasts
Candida albicans: 200
Rhodotorula rubra: 400
Saccharomyces cerevisiae (turbidans): 250
Table 2: Typical Physical Properties
Composition A solution of 1,2-benzisothiazolin3-one in dipropylene glycol and water.
Active agent: 20% w/w
Physical form : Yellow-light brown solution
Viscosity at 10/25°C : 2000/400 mPa s (Newtonian)
pH at 25°C: 13.5
Boiling point: 100°C
Storage stability Stable under normal conditions of storage down to -10°C. If frozen, allow to thaw and stir well before use. Active agent is heat-stable and non-volatile.
Flash point: Boils without flashing
Density at 25°C: 1.14
Compatibility: Compatible and effective over pH range 4-12. Stable in the presence of amines. Incompatible with some oxidising and reducing agents e.g. persalts, sulphites.
Amount to Use
PROXEL GXL should be added to the system as early in the process as possible. The concentration of PROXEL GXL required to adequately preserve your product depends
on several factors. These include the susceptibility of the system to microbiological degradation, the extent to which micro-organisms can gain access, the species involved,
pH, temperature, and length of time for which protection is required.
A range of concentrations and applications is recommended in Table 3; however, it is recommended that a testing programme be undertaken to determine the most costeffective dose for your application.
Testing should take into account chemical compatibility/stability, plant hygiene conditions, susceptibility of the product to contamination, and the typical organisms involved.
1,2-Benzisothiazol-3(2H)-one, also known as benzisothiazolone or proxel, belongs to the class of organic compounds known as benzothiazoles. These are organic compounds containing a benzene fused to a thiazole ring (a five-membered ring with four carbon atoms, one nitrogen atom and one sulfur atom). 1, 2-Benzisothiazol-3(2H)-one exists as a solid, slightly soluble (in water), and a very weakly acidic compound (based on its pKa). Within the cell, 1, 2-benzisothiazol-3(2H)-one is primarily located in the cytoplasm. 1, 2-Benzisothiazol-3(2H)-one is a potentially toxic compound.
Benzo[d]isothiazol-3-one is an organic heterobicyclic compound based on a fused 1,2-thiazole and benzene bicyclic ring skeleton, with the S atom positioned adjacent to one of the positions of ring fusion. It has a role as a disinfectant, a platelet aggregation inhibitor, an environmental contaminant, a xenobiotic, a drug allergen and a sensitiser. It is an organonitrogen heterocyclic compound and an organic heterobicyclic compound.
Table 3: Applications
Product % PROXEL GXL (w/w)
Synthetic polymer emulsions: 0.05-0.15
Emulsion paints: 0.05-0.15
Water-based adhesives: 0.05-0.25
Household products: 0.05-0.15
Including
Laundry detergents, Fabric softeners,
Dish-washing liquids, Floor and wall
cleaning solutions, Surface cleaning
products, Window cleaners,
Floor polishes and waxes, Shoe polishes
Tape joint compounds: 0.05-0.25
Printing inks: 0.05-0.15
Paper coating compositions: 0.05-0.15
Metal working fluids: 0.05-0.18
Agricultural pesticide products: 0.05-0.25
Aqueous mineral and pigment slurries: 0.05-0.15
Leather processing solutions: 0.05-0.25
For the short term preservation of freshly flayed skins & hides during processing
1,2-benzisothiazol-3(2H)-one
1,2-benzisothiazolin-3-one
1,2-Benzisothiazoline-3-one
Translated names
1,2,bencisotiazol-3-ona (es)
1,2-bencisotiazol-3(2H)-ona (es)
1,2-Bencisotiazol-3(2H)-ona (BIT) (es)
1,2-bensisotiasool-3(2H)-oon (et)
1,2-bensisotiasool-3(2H)-oon (BIT) (et)
1,2-bensisotiasool-3-oon (et)
1,2-bensisotiazol-3(2H)-on (BIT) (sv)
1,2-bentsisotiatsol-3(2H)-oni (fi)
1,2-bentsisotiatsol-3(2H)-oni (BIT) (fi)
1,2-bentsisotiatsolin-3-oni (fi)
1,2-benzisothiazol-3(2H)-on (da)
1,2-Benzisothiazol-3(2H)-on (BIT) (de)
1,2-benzisothiazol-3(2H)-one (BIT) (no)
1,2-benzisothiazol-3(2H)-one;1,2-benzisothiazolin-3-one (fr)
1,2-benzisothiazole-3(2H)-one (BIT) (fr)
1,2-Benzisothiazolin-3-on (de)
1,2-benzisothiazool-3(2H)-on (nl)
1,2-Benzisothiazool-3(2H)-on (BIT) (nl)
1,2-benzisotiazol-3(2<I>H</I>)-on (hr)
1,2-benzisotiazol-3(2H)-on (no)
1,2-benzisotiazol-3(2H)-ona (pt)
1,2-benzisotiazol-3(2H)-ona (BIT) (pt)
1,2-benzisotiazol-3(2H)-one (it)
1,2-benzisotiazol-3(2H)-one (BIT) (it)
1,2-benzisotiazol-3(2H)-onă (BIT) (ro)
1,2-benzisotiazolin-3-on (hr)
1,2-benzisotiazolin-3-ona (ro)
1,2-benzizotiazol-3(2H)-on (hu)
1,2-benzizotiazol-3(2H)-on (BIT) (hr)
1,2-benzizotiazol-3(2H)-onas (lt)
1,2-benzizotiazol-3(2H)-onas (BIT) (lt)
1,2-benzizotiazol-3(2H)-ons (lv)
1,2-Benzizotiazol-3(2H)-ons (BIT) (lv)
1,2-benzizotiazol-3(2H)-ón (sk)
1,2-benzizotiazol-3(2H)-ón (BIT) (sk)
1,2-benzizotiazolin-3-on (hu)
1,2-benzizotiazolin-3-onas (lt)
1,2-benzizotiazolin-3-ons (lv)
1,2-benzizotiazolín-3-ón (sk)
1,2-benzoisothiazol-3(2H)-on (BIT) (cs)
1,2-benzoisothiazol-3(2H)-on+ (cs)
1,2-benzoisothiazolin-3-on (cs)
1,2-benzoizotiazol-3(2H)-on (pl)
1,2-benzoizotiazolin-3-on (pl)
1,2-Benżisotijażol-3(2H)-on (BIT) (mt)
1,2-βενζισοθειαζολ-3(2H)-όνη (el)
1,2-βενζισοθειαζολ-3(2H)-όνη (BIT) (el)
1,2-бензизотиазол-3(2H)-oн (bg)
1,2-бензизотиазол-3(2H)-он (BIT) (bg)
1,2-бензизотиазолин-3-oн (bg)
IUPAC names
1 ,2-benzisothiazol-3-(2H)-one
1,2-benzisothiazol-3(2H) -one
1,2-benzisothiazol-3(2H)-one, sodium salt
1,2-benzisothiazol-3(2H)-one/1,2-benzisothiazolin-3-one
1,2-benzisothiazol-3-one
1,2-BENZOTHIAZOL-3(2H)-ONE
1,2-Benzothiazol-3-one
2,3-dihydro-1,2-benzothiazol-3-one
Benzisothiazol- 3(2h)-one
benzo[d]isothiazol-3-one
Proxel
Other identifiers
101964-01-6
Other
CAS number
1094749-54-8
Other
CAS number
1148150-72-4
Other
CAS number
1376937-61-9
Other
CAS number
1399460-92-4
Other
CAS number
2634-33-5
CAS number
40991-37-5
Other
CAS number
54392-14-2
Other
CAS number
552320-00-0
Other
CAS number
613-088-00-6
Index Number
75037-67-1
Other
CAS number
919284-21-2
Other
CAS number
934197-15-6
1,2-Benzisothiazol-3(2H)-one
2634-33-5
1,2-Benzisothiazolin-3-one
1,2-benzothiazol-3-one
benzisothiazolone
benzisothiazolinone
Benzo[d]isothiazol-3(2H)-one
Benzo[d]isothiazol-3-one
Proxel
1,2-Benzisothiazoline-3-one
Proxel PL
Benzo[d]isothiazol-3-ol
2,3-dihydro-1,2-benzothiazol-3-one
1,2-benzisothiazolinone
Nipacide BIT
Proxel AB
Proxel XL 2
1,2-BENZISOTHIAZOL-3-ONE
benzoisothiazol-3-one
1,2-benzoisothiazolin-3-one
1,2-Benzisothiazolone
3-Hydroxy-1,2-benzisothiazole
IPX
CHEBI:167099
EINECS 220-120-9
EPA Pesticide Chemical Code 098901
1,2-Benzoisothiazoline-3-one
40991-37-5
2,3-dihydro-3-oxo-1,2-benzisothiazole
MLS-0254244.0001
Benzo(d)isothiazol-3(2H)-one
Benzisothiazolin-3-one
Benzocil
Acticide BIT
Canguard BIT
Denicide BIT
Proxel BD
Proxel CF
Proxel TN
Proxel XL
Proxel BDN
Proxel GXL
Proxel Ultra 5
San-aibac AP
Proxel LV-S
Proxel Press Paste
Apizas AP-DS
Acticide BW 20
Bestcide 200K
Nipacide BIT 20
Parmetol B 70
Parmetol D 11
Proxel GXL(S)
Proxel HL 2
Nuosept 485
Nuosept 491
Nuosept 495
Topcide 600
XBINX
Denicide BIT 20N
Koralone B 119
Nipacide BIT 10W
Preventol BIT 20D
Proxel BD 20
Proxel Press Paste D
Troysan 1050
Bioban BIT 20DPG
1,2-benzisothiazole-3(2h)-one
benzisothiazoline-3-one
Canguard BIT 20DPG
SD 202 (bactericide)
Canguard Ultra BIT 20LE
1,2-Benzoisothiazol-3-one
BIT 10W
BIT 20
2-Thiobenzimide
2,3-Dihydrobenzisothiazol-3-one
1,2-Benzothiazolinone
Benzisothiazolone (BIT)
Benzisothiazol-3(2H)-one
1,2-benzothiazol-3(2h)-one
1,2-benzisothiazol-3(2H)-on
1,2-BIT
1,2-Benzisothiazol-3-one (BIT)
1,2-BENZISOTHAZOL-3(2H)-ONE
1,2-Benzisothiazol-3(2H)-one, 97%
CAS-2634-33-5
1,2-Benzisothiazol-3(2H)-one, analytical standard
75037-67-1
1,2-Benzisothiazol-3(2H)-one [ACD/Index Name]
1,2-Benzisothiazol-3-ol [ACD/Index Name]
1,2-Benzothiazol-3(2H)-on [German] [ACD/IUPAC Name]
1,2-Benzothiazol-3(2H)-one [ACD/IUPAC Name]
1,2-Benzothiazol-3(2H)-one [French] [ACD/IUPAC Name]
1,2-Benzothiazol-3-ol [German] [ACD/IUPAC Name]
1,2-Benzothiazol-3-ol [ACD/IUPAC Name]
1,2-Benzothiazol-3-ol [French] [ACD/IUPAC Name]
220-120-9 [EINECS]
2634-33-5 [RN]
BENZISOTHIAZOLINONE
Benzisothiazolone [Wiki]
Benzisothiazolone (BIT)
benzo[d]isothiazol-3-one
[2634-33-5]
1,2-BENZISOTHAZOL-3(2H)-ONE
1,2-Benzisothiazol-3-one
1,2-Benzisothiazolin-3-one
1,2-Benzisothiazolinone
1,2-Benzisothiazolone
1,2-benzoisothiazolin-3-one
1,2-Benzoisothiazoline-3-one
1,2-Benzothiazol-3-one
1,2-Benzothiazolinone
119510
2,3-dihydro-1,2-benzothiazol-3-one
2,3-dihydro-3-oxo-1,2-benzisothiazole
‘2634-33-5
2-hydrobenzo[d]isothiazol-3-one
2-Thiobenzimide
3-Hydroxy-1,2-benzisothiazole
54392-15-3 [RN]
75037-67-1 [RN]
9015-68-3 [RN]
Acticide BIT
Benzisothiazol-3(2H)-one
BENZISOTHIAZOLINONE|”1,2-BENZOTHIAZOL-3-OL”
Benzo(D) Isothiazol-3-one
benzo[d]isothiazol-3(2H)-one
Benzo[d]isothiazol-3-ol
Benzoisothiazol-3-one
Benzoisothiazol-3-one|1,2-Benzisothiazol-3(2H)-one|3-Hydroxy-1,2-benzisothiazole
BIT
BR-46705
EINECS 220-120-9
Nipacide BIT
proxan
Proxel
Proxel AB
Proxel PL
Proxel XL 2
PROXELCRL
Nipacide BIT 20 is an in-can biocide based on BIT.
Nipacide BIT 20 is a glycol based solution; low toxicity biocide developed for the complete in-can protection of water based products. Nipacide BIT 20 is effective against a wide range of microorganisms including gram positive and gram negative bacteria, yeast and fungi.
Nipacide BIT 20 can be used over a wide pH and temperature range. Nipacide BIT 20 should be the biocide of choice for products with pH >8 and production temperatures of >40 C.
Benefits
formaldehyde-free
pH stable from 2-12
temperature stable up to 100°C
FDA approved for various applications
bactericide
fungicide
PREVENTOL BIT 20 N
Approx. 20 % aqueous-glycolic solution of 1,2-Benzisothiazolin-3-one (BIT).
For the preservation of aqueous coatings, polymer dispersions, plasters, synthetic adhesives, pigment slurries, concrete additives or cleaners and detergents.
The product has a broad spectrum of activity covering bacteria, mould and yeasts.
Use biocides safely. Always read the label and product information before use.