THPS
TETRAKIS(HYDROXYMETHYL)PHOSPHONIUM SULFATE (THPS)
CAS NO:55566-30-8
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bis[tetrakis(hydroxymethyl)phosphonium]sulfatesolution;
nci-c55050; octakis(hydroxymethyl)phosphoniumsulfate; Phosphonium,tetrakis(hydroxymethyl)-,sulfate(2:1)(salt);
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THPS [TETRAKIS(HYDROXYMETHYL)PHOSPHONIUM SULFATE]
THPS is a kind of environmental anti-microbial reagent. THPS’s characterized by THPS’s low solidity point and fine stability. THPS can be reserved for long time and can easily dissolve in water. THPS’s a kind of new environmental pesticide with high efficacy, low toxicity and low rudimental. THPS can kill germ and aquatic plants. In 1995, the EPA of the United States ratified it with zero toxicity and awarded it with US Green Chemical prize.Tetrakis(Hydroxymethyl)Phosphonium Sulfate (THPS) is a clear straw colored liquid that is between 75-77% pure. THPS is primarily used as a flame retardant additive and can also be used as a fungicide. Tetrakis(Hydroxymethyl)Phosphonium Sulfate (THPS) is recommended for use in cotton, leather, and polyester products.
Tetrakis(hydroxymethyl) Phosphonium Sulfate, commonly referred to as THPS, is used in oilfield application worldwide as a biocide. THPS has been reported to have compatibility concerns with oxygen scavengers, in particular bisulfite (i.e. sodium or ammonium) in these applications. 1,2 The literature has pointed at concerns that the interaction is so severe that when THPS and bisulfite are allowed to react they will generate molecular oxygen (O 2) in situ 1. Upon literature review no mechanistic theory has been proposed to support this view, however several attempts to support the theory via electrochemical oxidation of the phosphorus from a +3 to +5 and the subsequent reduction of the sulfur have been proposed. Further support is attempted by calculating the Gibbs free energy; a negative value would indicate a spontaneous reaction.
THPS biocide is a kind of environmental-friendly water treatment microbiocide which is made of tetrakis(hydroxymethyl)phosphonium sulfate (THPS 75%) solution. THPS can withhold sulfate reducing bacteria (SRB), most of aerobic bacteria including microorganisms that form biofilm in enhanced oil recovery process, production and other supporting systems such as water injection equipments, well water disposal facilities, water holding tanks, recirculating water treatment systems and pipelines. THPS biocide is also effective in controlling microbial growth in drilling muds and stimulation fluids for oil and gas wells. Tetrakis(hydroxymethyl)phosphonium sulfate is characterized by its low solidity point and good stability. THPS 75% solution can easily dissolve in water and can be preserved for a long time. In 1995, the US EPA ratified it with zero toxicity and awarded it with US Green Chemical prize due to THPS’s properties of high efficacy, low toxicity and low rudimental. Bichain is one of reliable THPS biocide manufacturers and suppliers of THPS 75, Tetrakis(hydroxymethyl)phosphonium sulfate, THPS 75% solution for oilfield water treatment.
THPS [TETRAKIS(HYDROXYMETHYL)PHOSPHONIUM SULFATE] PROPERTIES
Linear Formula: [(HOCH2)4P]2(SO4)
Molecular Weight: 406.28
Appearance: Colorless liquid
Odor: Typical odor
Form: Clear Liquid
Color: Colorless
Melting point:-35°C
Boiling point:111°C
Density 1.4 g/mL at 25 °C(lit.)
pH: 3 to 5
Viscosity: Like that of water
Flash point:96 °C
Water Solubility >=10 g/100 mL at 18 ºC
Vapor Pressure (MM Hg): 1.7 kPa @ 25C
Vapor Density (Air = 1) : >1
Specific Gravity (water = 1): Varies with assay.
Evaporation Rate (water = 1) : <1
Solubility in Water: Complete
Freezing Point: Not determined
METHODS OF MANUFACTURING OF THPS
THPS is manufactured in a batch process that involves the chemical reaction of phosphine gas with aqueous formaldehyde in the presence of sulfuric acid and water. THPS exists in equilibrium with tris (hydroxymethyl)phosphine and methylene glycol. Under manufacturing and shipping conditions, the equilibrium strongly favors the formation the formation of THPS.
USES OF THPS [TETRAKIS(HYDROXYMETHYL)PHOSPHONIUM SULFATE]
Tetrakis(hydroxymethyl)phosphonium sulfate is used as a flame retardant in textiles, especially cotton and as a cease and rot resistance agent in fabrics. THPS acts as a biocide against SRB (Sulphate reducing bacteria known as Desulfuvibrio Desulfuricans) which produce enzymes to accelerate the reduction reaction of sulphates to the corrosive hydrogen sulphide and causes corrosion of iron material in a water system. When THPS acts as a corrosion inhibitor in circulating water system.Mainly used in water treatment systems, oil field operations, and paper-making industry. The advantage is it will soon degrade to a nontoxic substance immediately after use. Also it can be applied to fabric coating as flame retardant, obviously improving flame retarding property.
Water Flooding;
THPS biocide should be added to a water flood system at a point where uniform mixing will occur. First step: add 93 -350 ppm THPS for a noticeably fouled system, when added to a flowing system, slug dose for 2 -6 hours based on flow rates. Repeat as necessary until control is achieved. Second step: Once control has been achieved, add 14 -98 ppm THPS biocide weekly or as needed to maintain control. As for continuous treatment, THPS can be dosed continuously at a level of 14 -67 ppm.
Oil and Gas Production and Transmission Systems and Pipeline;
THPS 75% solution should be added at a point in the pipeline where uniform mixing will occur. The application should be conducted to ensure maximum distribution of product through the internal surface of the pipeline by adding an amount of biocide which eventually comes out the other end of the pipeline. Criteria for success of the treatment will be reduction in bacterial count and/or corrosion rates. Adding step is same as that of water flooding. As for continuous treatment, THPS can be dosed continuously at a level of 14 -100 ppm.
Drilling Muds, Well Completion and Workover Fluids;
THPS biocide should be added to these fluids at a point where uniform mixing will occur. Add 33-1400 ppm of product to a freshly prepared fluid depending on severity of contamination.
Gas Storage Well systemsi;
Individual injection wells should be treated with THPS 75 at the same dosage and same steps as described under water flooding. Injections should be repeated as needed to maintain control. Individual drips should be treated with a sufficient quantity of product to produce a concentration of 33.3 -133.3 ppm when diluted by the water present in the drip. Injections should be repeated as needed to maintain control.
Industry Uses
Corrosion inhibitors and anti-scaling agents
Flame retardants
Processing aids, specific to petroleum production
THPS is an environment-friendly phosphonium salt biocide applied in industrial cooling systems, oil field operations, and paper-making industry. THPS can degrade to a nontoxic substance immediately after use. THPS is also applied as flame retardant in cotton, dacron-cotton fiber.
THPS [TETRAKIS (HDROKSMETL) FOSFONÜL SÜLFAT]
THPS, bir çeit çevresel anti-mikrobik reaktiftir. THPS, THPS’nin düük salamlk noktas ve ince kararll ile karakterize edilir. THPS uzun süre saklanabilir ve suda kolaylkla çözünebilir. THPS, yüksek etkinlik, düük toksisite ve düük seviyeli yeni çevre pestisitidir. THPS, mikroplar ve su bitkilerini öldürebilir. 1995 ylnda ABD EPA’s bunu sfr toksisite ile onaylam ve US Green Chemical ödülüyle vermitir. Tetrakis (Hidroksimetil) Fosfonyum Sülfat (THPS),% 75-77 saf arasnda olan açk bir saman rengi svdr. THPS öncelikli olarak bir alev geciktirici katk maddesi olarak kullanlr ve ayrca bir fungisid olarak da kullanlabilir. Tetrakis (Hidroksimetil) Fosfonyum Sülfat (THPS), pamuk, deri ve polyester ürünler için önerilir.
Tetrakis (hidroksimetil) Fosfonyum Sülfat, yaygn olarak THPS olarak anlr, bir biyosit olarak ya sahasnda dünya çapnda uygulanr. THPS’nin bu uygulamalarda oksijen süpürücüleri, özellikle bisülfit (yani sodyum veya amonyum) ile uyumluluk endieleri olduu bildirilmitir. 1,2 Literatür, THPS ve bisülfitin reaksiyona girmesine izin verildiinde, yerinde 1 moleküler oksijen (O 2) üretecek etkileimin o kadar iddetli olduu endielerine iaret etmitir. Literatür gözden geçirildiinde, bu görüü destekleyecek herhangi bir mekanik teori önermülmemitir teoriyi fosforun +3 ila +5 arasnda elektrokimyasal oksidasyon yoluyla desteklemeye yönelik çeitli giriimler ve daha sonra kükürt indirgemesi önerilmitir. Gibbs’in serbest enerjisini hesaplayarak daha fazla destek salanmaya çallmaktadr; negatif bir deer spontan bir reaksiyon gösterebilir.
THPS biyosit, tetrakis (hidroksimetil) fosfonyum sülfattan (THPS% 75) oluan bir çeit çevre dostu su artma mikrobiyosidi. THPS sülfat indirgeyen bakterileri (SRB), gelimi ya geri kazanm prosesinde biyofilm oluturan mikroorganizmalar içeren aerobik bakterilerin çounu, su enjeksiyon ekipmanlar, kuyu suyu elden çkarma tesisleri, su tutma tanklar, devridaim su artma sistemleri ve benzeri destekleyici sistemleri ortadan kaldrabilir. boru hatlar. THPS biyosit, petrol ve gaz kuyular için sondaj çamurlarnda ve uyarc svlarda mikrobiyal büyümeyi kontrol etmede de etkilidir. Tetrakis (hidroksimetil) fosfonyum sülfat, düük salamlk noktas ve iyi stabilite ile karakterize edilir. THPS% 75 çözelti suda kolaylkla çözünebilir ve uzun süre korunabilir. 1995 ylnda, ABD EPA, sfr toksisite ile onaylad ve THPS’nin yüksek etkinlik, düük toksiklik ve düük rudimental özelliklerinden dolay US Green Chemical ödülüyle bunu ödüllendirdi. Bichain, güvenilir THPS biyosit üreticilerinden ve THPS 75, Tetrakis (hidroksimetil) fosfonyum sülfat tedarikçileri, petrol sahas su artm için THPS% 75 çözeltisinden biridir.
THPS [TETRAKIS (HDROKSMETL) FOSFONÜL SÜLFAT] ÖZELLKLER
Lineer Formül: [(HOCH2) 4P] 2 (SO4)
Moleküler Arlk: 406.28
Görünü: Renksiz sv
Koku: Tipik koku
Form: Berrak Sv
Renk: Renksiz
Erime noktas: -35 ° C
Kaynama noktas: 111 ° C
Younluk 1.4 g / mL, 25 ° C’de (aydnlk)
pH: 3 ila 5
Viskozite: Su gibi
Parlama noktas: 96 ° C
Suda Çözünürlük> = 10 g / 100 mL, 18 ºC’de
Buhar Basnc (MM Hg): 25 ° C’da 1.7 kPa
Buhar Younluu (Hava = 1):> 1
Özgül Arlk (su = 1): Test ile deiir.
Buharlama Hz (su = 1): <1
Suda Çözünürlük: Tamamland
Donma Noktas: Belirli deil
THPS ÜRETM YÖNTEMLER
THPS, sülfürik asit ve su varlnda fosfin gaznn sulu formaldehitle kimyasal reaksiyonunu içeren bir toplu ilemde üretilir. THPS, tris (hidroksimetil) fosfin ve metilen glikol ile dengede bulunur. Üretim ve nakliye koullar altnda, denge, THPS oluumunu kuvvetle destekliyor.
THPS KULLANIMLARI [TETRAKIS (HDROKSMETL) FOSFONÜL SÜLFAT]
Tetrakis (hidroksimetil) fosfonyum sülfat, tekstillerde, özellikle de pamukta ve kumalarda bir ate ve çürümeye kar dirençli alev geciktirici olarak kullanlr. THPS, sülfatlarn andrc hidrojen sülfite indirgenme reaksiyonunu hzlandrmak için enzimler üreten ve bir su sisteminde demir maddesinin korozyona neden olan SRB’ye (Sülfat indirgeyici bakteriler olan Desulfuvibrio Desulfuricans’a kar) kar bir biyosittir. THPS, dolamdaki su sisteminde korozyon önleyici olarak ilev görür.Özellikle su artma sistemleri, ya sahas ilemleri ve kat yapm endüstrisinde kullanlr. Avantaj, kullanmdan hemen sonra toksik olmayan bir maddeye dönüeceidir. Ayn zamanda, alev geciktirici olarak kuma kaplamaya uygulanabilir, açkça alev geciktirici özellii gelitirir.
Su Tamas;
THPS biyosit, düzgün kartrmann gerçekleecei bir noktada bir su takn sistemine eklenmelidir. lk adm: Etkili bir ekilde kirlenmi sistem için 93-350 ppm THPS’yi ekleyin, akan bir sisteme ilave edildiinde, ak oranlarna dayal olarak 2 -6 saat süreyle salyangoz dozu. Kontrol gerçekletirilinceye kadar gerektii kadar tekrarlayn.kinci adm: Kontrol salandktan sonra, haftalk olarak 14-98 ppm THPS biyosit ve kontrolün sürdürülmesi için gerektii gibi ilave edin. Sürekli tedavi için, THPS 14-67 ppm düzeyinde sürekli olarak dozlanabilir.
Petrol ve Gaz Üretimi ve letim Sistemleri ve Boru Hatt;
Düzgün kartrmann gerçekleecei boru hattnn bir noktasna THPS% 75 solüsyon eklenmelidir. Boru hattnn iç yüzeyi boyunca ürünün maksimum dalmn salamak için uygulama, boru hattnn dier ucunda çkan bir miktar biyosityi ekleyerek gerçekletirilmelidir. Tedavinin baars için kriterler bakteri says ve / veya korozyon oranlarnn azaltlmas olacaktr. Adm atma, su basmas ile ayndr. Sürekli tedavi için, THPS, 14-100 ppm düzeyinde sürekli olarak dozlanabilir.
Sondaj Çamurlar, Kuyu Tamamlama ve Hacmi Akkanlar;
Bu svlara, homojen kartrmann gerçekleecei bir noktada THPS biyosit hazrlanmaldr. Kirlenmenin iddetine bal olarak taze hazrlanm bir svya 33-1400 ppm ürün ekleyin.
Gaz Depolama Kuyular;
Bireysel enjeksiyon kuyular, su basmas altnda açklanan ayn dozaj ve admlarla THPS 75 ile ileme tabi tutulmaldr. Enjeksiyonlar kontrolü salamak için gerektiinde tekrarlanmaldr. Damlatmada bulunan su ile seyreltildiinde, ayr damlalar, 33.3 -133.3 ppm’lik bir konsantrasyon üretmek için yeterli miktarda ürünle ileme tabi tutulmaldr. Enjeksiyonlar kontrolü salamak için gerektiinde tekrarlanmaldr.
Sanayi Kullanmlar
Korozyon önleyiciler ve anti-ölçekleme maddeleri
Alev geciktiriciler
Petrol üretimine özgü ileme yardmclar
THPS, endüstriyel soutma sistemleri, ya sahas ilemleri ve kat yapma endüstrisinde uygulanan çevre dostu bir fosfonyum tuzu biyosittir. THPS, kullanmdan hemen sonra toksik olmayan bir maddeye dönüebilir. THPS, pamuklu, dacron-pamuklu elyafta alev geciktirici olarak da kullanlr.