ACID INHIBITOR (AST NHBTR)
TERAMOL CORROSION INHIBITORS
Teramol SI 28 (Asit temizlii için inhibitör)
Asit Korozyon Inhibitörü Ürün; Asit andrma engelleyici, asit inhibitör, asit inhibitörü, fabrika temizlii, ekipman, eanjör temizlii, nozzle temizlii, boru temizlii. Armohib, Rodine, Rodine 50, Rodine 60, Armohib 29, Corrosion Inhibitor HQ, Kireç temizleyici, kireç asidi, anma engelleyici, inhibitör, korozyon
APPLICATIONS
Teramol aliphatic nitrogen inhibitors retard the corrosive effect of acids on metals during pickling, process equipment cleaning and oil well acidizing operations. Teramol comes in two versions for use with specific acids:
Product Attributes
Easy to Use
Liquid Form
Soluble in acid
Non-staining
Does not precipitate when standing
Advantages
Low-cost, dependable protection over a wide range of temperatures Economical and effective: Only a small quantity of Teramol mixed with the acids will deliver the desired cleaning effect while retarding acid attack on metals.
Corrosion performance-tested:
0.25% Teramol in 15% hydrochloric acid at 200°F must show less than 0.022 lb/ft2/day corrosion of mild steel.
APPLICATIONS
Following is a discussion on the three major application areas for the Teramol products:
ACID PICKLING
PLANT CLEANING
OILWELL ACIDIZING
ACID PICKLING
Pickling is the removal of oxide scales formed during metal working operations by mineral acids. Hydrochloric, phosphoric and sulfuric acids are commonly used. These scales must be removed without undue acid attack on the base metal surface.
An inhibitor is therefore used to protect the cleaned surface, reduce acid wastage and metal loss and prevent pitting and discoloration of the metal. Inhibitors protect weld areas and impede “burning” of the metal, even during a temporary shutdown of pickling operations. These inhibitors form a foam blanket preventing heat loss and acid spray. Teramol uses: Hydrochloric acid is used for pickling very high carbon and alloy steels and for wire pickling. Hydrochloric and hydrofluoric acid blends are used to clean ferritic, martensitic and austenitic steels. Iron oxide scale is soluble in hydrochloric acid, and therefore there is no acid attack on the metal surface.
Hydrogen embrittlement is a major problem during the pickling of mild steel wire. The addition of Teramol to the hydrochloric acid eliminates or reduces embrittlement. This embrittlement occurs when atomic hydrogen produced by the introduction of the acids, diffuses into the lattices of the metal and strains it. This results in brittleness at the molecular level, with no advanced indications such as visible pitting.
The use of Teramol as an inhibitor, in hydrochloric acid pickling of steel, has no adverse effect on the quality of the metal in subsequent hot dip galvanizing. Tests conducted at an independent laboratory show that the use of Teramol does not have any noticeable influence on the structure of the zinc, or the thickness of the zinc layer. Steels that are heated above 575°C produce a scale that consists of three layers: magnetite, ferric oxide, and wurstite. This complicates the pickling process because the sulfuric acid solution and the liberated hydrogen gas, produced as a by-product of the interaction, penetrate the cracks in these layers. The use of Teramol as an inhibitor regulates these complex reactions and minimizes the amount of surface material that is dissolved.
Scale produced on steels heated at temperatures below 575°C consist of only two layers, magnetite and ferric oxide. These oxide scales are normally very brittle, and as the metal cools they crack, due to the difference between their coefficients of expansion and that of the metal. To increase the degree of cracking, the steel is sometimes flexed. Again, Teramol regulates the scale removal process to minimize brittleness.
PLANT CLEANING
Inhibited acids are used extensively in plant cleaning; both pre-commission and periodic planned service cleaning. Many plants use acid cleaning, including breweries, dairies and sugar refineries, but the major use of acid cleaning is in power plants. In all application, the use of a corrosion inhibitor is necessary to maximize the cleaning effect, while minimizing any unwanted corrosion.
Pre-commission cleaning removes welding slag, silica, rust, oil, grease and other matter from new boilers. It is impossible to mechanically clean many inaccessible boiler parts once the final unit has been manufactured. Therefore, an acid-flush is necessary to clean the tubes. Any impurities left in the boiler can cause blockage of strainers and serious damage to turbine blades. Boilers that have not been cleaned, prior to commissioning, can have up to ten percent loss of generating power.
Hydrochloric acid solutions are used in pre-commission cleaning. However, citric acid is preferred for austenitic steels (e.g. superheaters), since it is thought that chloride ions might cause stress corrosion. Where copper or copper alloys are present, citric acid solutions are also preferred.
Service cleaning serves to remove hard scales and deposits formed during steam generation. These deposits reduce heat transfer from the boiler. The absolute minimum attack of acid on metal must be ensured, and the type of scale encountered (high in carbonates) does not need attack on the base metal to aid its removal. The purpose of the inhibitor is, if possible, to prevent any attack at all. Acid cleaning is followed by neutralization and passivation processes, aimed at producing a thin protective layer of magnetite on the clean metal surfaces.
Hydrochloric acid is the acid most often used for plant cleaning, although sulfamic, sulfuric, citric and phosphoric acids are also used. The appropriate Teramol product will serve the corrosion inhibiting needs of any of the acid applications. Teramol is used to create efficiently inhibited hydrochloric solutions for hydrochloric applications for steels such as admiralty, carbon steels, cast iron, copper and its alloys such as monel, brass, bronze, cupro-nickel and chrome-molybdenum.
Sulfamic acid is often used as an alternative to hydrochloric acid. While sulfamic is more expensive per pound, the quantity required for a given operation is considerably less, so that overall costs per application are lower. Sulfamic acid, inhibited with Teramol, is used to clean deposits from 300 and 400 series stainless steels and occasional cleaning of aluminum and its alloys. Sulfuric acid is also not as sensitive to contamination as hydrochloric acid. Inhibited sulfuric acid is used for cleaning 300 and 400 series stainless steels.
OIL WELL ACIDIZING
In the fracturing and acidizing of compact oil formations, dilute hydrochloric acid is used to dissolve the undesirable carbonate deposits or scales, which interfere with the passage of oil, in tubing or in the formation itself.
The lines and tubing must be protected during this operation from corrosive attack by the acid, by the high temperatures and pressures, and by the potential for a “sour” environment resulting from the high hydrogen sulfide and carbon dioxide contents. Teramol used at a concentration of 0.25%, based on the total hydrochloric acid solution, is highly recommended for this purpose. It provides effective protection at temperatures in excess of 230°F (110°C) for at least 6 hours.
Technical Data
Description: yellowish liquid
Density at 25°C (g/cm3): approx. 1 pH-Value (100 g/l water): 3.4 – 5.5
Solubility in water: miscible
Application and Properties
TERAMOL SI 28 is a highly efficient inhibitor formulation for the protection of metal materials during the chemical cleaning with hydrochloric acid and mixtures of hydrochloric acid/hydrofluoric acid at temperatures up to 100°C. Thanks to its high resistance to temperatures TERAMOL SI 28 is an excellent inhibitor for bore hole acidification with hydrochloric acid of high concentration as well as mixtures of hydrochloric and hydrofluoric acids.
TERAMOL SI 28 contains a combination of specifically acting inhibitors and special surfactants with a high wetting effect. A quick wetting of the surfaces to be cleaned is ensured by reducing the interfacial tension.
Furthermore, oily and fatty contaminations are emulsified and insoluble solid matters are dispersed.
The dissolution of scales and oxide layers is not impaired by TERAMOL SI 28.
TERAMOL SI 28 inhibits the corrosion of all kinds of steel and alloys on copper basis.
Aluminium (-alloys) as well as zinc, tin and chromium are not sufficiently protected. Cast iron shows good inhibition rates up to max. 40°C only.
Addition and Dosing
In general the dosing rate amounts to 2.5 kg TERAMOL SI 28 /m3 cleaning solution the concentration of which should vary between 30 and 100 g/l acid.
It is recommended to prepare the cleaning solution in a separate tank and then to fill it into the system. At first dilute the acid to the application concentration and then add TERAMOL SI 28.
In case of a blend-fill procedure a previously prepared inhibited stock solution with concentrated hydrochloric acid may be stored up to one week. If an inhibited stock solution with concentrated hydrochloric acid is needed for a storage period of more than one week, we recommend using our corrosion inhibitor TERAMOL SI 28.
The duration of action of the inhibited acid on the materials should not exceed 8 hours.
After cleaning the plant and apparatus should be carefully rinsed with water until they are free from acid.
Avoid open fire and light in the environment of the plant. Rooms with open installations have to be well aerated during the treatment.
Storage
In closed original packages TERAMOL SI 28 is storable for at least two years. Protect from freezing.
Packing
60 kg PE-cans
200 kg barrels
1000 kg containers
Asitlerle yaplan temizlikte, asidin içerisine ortalama % 0,25 ( Binde 2,5 ) eklenerek asitlerin metal yüzeyini andrmasn engeller. Teramol Korozyon Inhibitörleri
Aplikasyonlar
Teramol inhibitörleri asitlerin pikle, proses ekipman temizlii ve petrol kuyular asitleme operasyonlarndaki korozyon etkisini engeller.
Hidroklorik asit, hidroklorik – hidroflorik asit karmlar, sülfürik asit, sülfamic asit, sitrik asit, fosforik asit
Korozyon ( Asit ) Inhibitörünün özellikleri
Kolay Kullanm
Sv Form
Asitte çözünür
Leke brakmaz
Bekleme yapnca çökme oluturmaz
Avantajlar
Düük maliyetli, deiik scaklklarda kullanlabilen, etkili asit inhibitörü
Teramol’ ün düük miktarlarda asitlerle kartrlmas durumunda bile talep edilen temizliin, metal malzemenin anmasn engelleyerek yaplmas
Korozyon Performans
0.25% Teramol, 15% lik hidroklorik asitte 90 derecede günde 0.022 lb/ft2 korozyon oranna indirir.
Sülfürik asitte ise bu oran 0,027 deerinde kalr
Aplikasyonlar
Asit Pikle
Fabrika, reaktör, eanjör, stc, metal parça, boiler temizlii
Petrol – ya kuyusu asitleme / temizleme operasyonlar
ACID PICKLING ( Asit ile temizlik )
Asit Pikle ( Asit temizlii ) : Metal ileme operasyonlarnda oluan oksit tabakalarnn mineral asitler yardmyla temizlenmesi. Genellikle hidroklorik asit, fosforik asit ve sülfürik asit kullanlr. Metalin üzerindeki takabalar, kirlilikler, oksitler, paslar metal yüzeyine zarar vermeden asit inhibitörü içeren Teramol yardmyla temizlenir. Teramol asit inhibitörü, temizlenen metalin yüzeyinin renginin kaybolmamas, metale zarar gelmemesi, arlk kaybnn olmamas ve yüzeyin korunmas için gereklidir. Kaynak bölgeleri ve birleim yerlerinin asit tarafndan yenmemesi için Teramol asit inhibitörleri gereklidir. Pikle operasyonlarnda tamamen bekletme / durma durumunda bile metali korur. Metal yüzeyi üzerinde köpüklü koruma tabakas oluturur.
Yüksek karbonlu, alam çelik ve metal kablo asitleme / pikle ilemlerinde hidroklorik asit kullanlr. Hidroklorik ve hidroflorik asit karmlar ferritic, martebsitic ve austenitic çelik temizliklerinde kullanlr. Demir oksit tabakas, hidrokloril asitte çözünür ve bu yüzden metal yüzeyinde asit andrmas olmaz ( Teramol içereren asitlerde )
Yumuak çelik kablo asitlemesinde hidrojen krlganl büyük bir problemdir. Teramol SI 28 eklenmesi bu krlganl yokeder. Asit inhibitörü Teramol eklenerek kablo yüzeyi korunur. Krlganlk ortadan kalkar. Scak derin galvaniz ( hot dip galvanizing ) de Teramol’ ün metal yüzeyi kalitesine olumsuz etkisi olmaz. Ayn ekilde çinko ve çinko yüzeyine herhangi bir zarar olmaz
PLANT CLEANING
Fabrika / Reaktör / Ekipman / Boiler / Eanjör / Is Deitirici Temizlii
Inhibitörlü asitler proses ve ekipman temizliinde kullanlr. Enerji santralleri özellikle Teramol içeren asitlerle temizlenir. Teramol içeren asitler ekipmanlarda anmaya neden olmaz, korozyon engellenir. Yeni boiler ve boiler parçalarnn ulalamayan noktalar, tüpler, borular hidroklorik asit ile temizlenir. Kullanmdan önce mutlaka aside Teramol inhibitör eklenmelidir. Enerji santralleri, beyaz eya, otomotiv ve metal ileme tesisleri asit ile temizlik öncesi Teramol asit inhibitörünü satnalarak aside kartrrlar ve daha sonra asidik temizlik yaparlar.
Buhar üretim tesisleri kat depozitleri ve tabakalar temizlemek zorundadrlar. Aksi taktirde, depozitler ve bu birikimler s transferini azaltrlar. Asitler ile yaplan bu temizlik esnasnda asidin metali andrmas mümkün olduunda engellenmelidir. Bu nedenle kullanlacak asidin içerisine inhibitör eklenir. Karbon çelik, demir, bakr, tunç, bronz, nikel, krom, molibden, bakr-nikel alamlarnda Teramol özellikle çok etkin bir inhibitördür.
OIL WELL ACIDIZING
Petrol, Ya, Sondaj kuyular temizlii ve asitlemesi
Karbonat depozitolar ve kabuklarn temizlemek için Teramol katlm HCl kullanlr.
Borular, tüpler ve ekipmanlar asidin korozif ve agressif yapsndan Teramol sayesinde anmaktan kurtulurlar ancak yüzeyleri ve içleri tertemiz hale gelir.
Teramol direkt asit ile kartrlmaldr. güvenliine asitlerle çalrken dikkat edilmelidir.