CHLORINATED PARAFFIN (Klorlu Parafin)

CAS No. : 63449-39-8

EC No. : 264-150-0

Synonyms:

Chlorinated paraffin; Chlorine paraffin; Chlorinated paraffins (C12, 60% chlorine); klorlu parafin; chlor paraffin; chlorate paraffin; CP; parafin; paraffin; paraffine; 1,2,3,4,6,7,10 heptachlorododecane; AC1NR4BD; DSSTox_CID_269; DSSTox_RID_75477; UNII-0U2Z4R1F4A; DSSTox_GSID_20269; CAS-NOCAS_20269; 0U2Z4R1F4A; CHEMBL3184710; SCHEMBL17274303; Tox21_202496; NCGC00260045-01; 1,2,3,4,6,7,10-Heptachloro dodecane; LS-181597; Dodecane, 1,2,3,4,6,7,10-heptachloro-; 1005111-47-6; klorinated parafin; chlorinated parafin; klorine edilmi parafin; klorlu parafin; klorlu paraffin; chlorinated ionsparaffin; applicat chlorinated paraffin; chlorinated paraffin analysis; chlorinated paraffin; COA chlorinated paraffin exporter; chlorinated paraffin from normal paraffin; chlorinated paraffin leather grade chlorinated; paraffin packing; chlorinated paraffin price; chlorinated paraffin; PVC grade; chlorinated paraffin supplier; CP; CPs; cpw properties ICM; Iran Chemical Min;e Iran Chlorinated paraffin; chlorinated paraffin supplier lubricant oil additive marine paints raw material; paraffin chlorinated; placticizer agent; پارافین کلره; liquid; Cereclor; CERECLORS52; Plastoil 152; Plastoil 1040; CHLOROPARAFFIN; Ncgc00091464-01; Chlorinated waxes; Chlorinated paraffin; CHLORINATEDPARAFFIN60%; A 70 (wax); Adekacizer E 410; Adekacizer E 450; Adekacizer E 470; ADK Cizer 450; ADK Cizer 470; ADK Cizer E 410; Aquamix 108; Arubren; Arubren CP; Cerechlor 54; Cereclor; Cereclor 30; Cereclor 42; Cereclor 48; Cereclor 50LV; Cereclor 51L; Cereclor 52; Cereclor 54; Cereclor 56L; Cereclor 63L; Cereclor 65L; Cereclor 70; Cereclor 70L; Cereclor S 42; Cereclor S52; Cereclor S70; Chlorcosane; Chlorez 700; Chlorez 700hmp; Chlorinated paraffin; Chlorinated paraffin waxes; Chlorinated paraffin waxes and Hydrocarbon waxes; Chlorinated paraffins; Chlorinated paraffins (C23,43 chlorine); Chlorinated wax; Chlorinated waxes; Chloroflo 35; Chloroflo 40; Chloroflo 42; Chloroparaffine 40G; Chlorowax; Chlorowax 170; Chlorowax 40-40; Chlorowax 45AO; Chlorowax 50; Chlorowax 500C; Chlorowax 70; Chlorowax 70-5; Chlorowax 70S; Chlorowax S 70; Clorafin; Crechlor S 45; Creclor S 45; EC 264-150-0; EINECS 264-150-0; Flexchlor; HSDB 4214; NCI-C53587; Paraffin wax, chlorinated; Paraffin waxes and hydrocarbon waxes, chlorinated; Paraffin, chlorinated; Paroil chlorez; Unichlor; Unichlor 50; Chlorinated paraffins; Chlorowax 40; Chlorowax 500C; Paraffin waxes and hydrocarbon waxes, chlorinated; Paraffin waxes and Hydrocarbon waxes, chloro; Chlorowax 40; Chlorinated paraffin; 63449-39-8; CHLORINATED PARAFFINS; Chlorinated paraffin wax; EC 264-150-0; SCHEMBL2577273; CHEMBL1892619; NCGC00091464-01; Medium-chained chloroalkanes, (C14-17); NS00014226; Medium-chained chloroalkanes, (C14-17);Paraffin waxes and Hydrocarbon waxes, chloro; 108171-26-2; Alkanes, C10-12, chloro; Chlorinated C10-12 alkanes; CCRIS 1420; C10-12 chloroalkanes; DSSTox_CID_4824; DSSTox_RID_77544; CHEMBL3184336; Tox21_301113; NCGC00248291-01; NCGC00255013-01; Chlorinated paraffins: C12, 60% chlorine; Alkanes, C10-12, chloro [Chlorinated paraffins]; CHLORINATED PARAFFINS (C12. 60% CHLORINE); Paraffin waxes and hydrocarbon waxes, chlorinated (C12, 60% chlorine); Chlorinated paraffins (average chain length, C12; approximately 60% chlorine by wt.); Alkanes, C22-26, chloro; 108171-27-3; Chloro C22-26 alkanes; Chloro alkanes, C22-26; CCRIS 8871; 1,3,7,11,15,19,23-heptachlorotetracosane; DTXSID60872285; Paraffin waxes and hydrocarbon waxes, chlorinated (C23, 43% chlorine); Chlorinated paraffins: C23, 43% chlorine; Alkanes, C22-26, chloro [Chlorinated paraffins]; 8-bromo-9-chlorododec-1-ene; Paraffin, brominated, chlorinated; EINECS 271-246-6; Alkenes, C12-30 alpha-, bromo chloro; (C12-C30) alpha-Olefin, brominated, chlorinated; C12-30 Bromochloro alpha-alkenes; Alkenes, C12-30 ?-, bromo chloro; CTK8D9623; DTXSID80880428; Alkenes, C12-3Oalpha-, bromo chloro; 1,2,3,4,6,7,10-heptachlorododecane; 1,2,3,4,6,7,10-Heptachloro dodecane; Chlorinated paraffins (C12, 60% chlorine); Paraffin waxes and Hydrocarbon waxes, chloro; DSSTox_CID_269; DSSTox_RID_75477; UNII-0U2Z4R1F4A; 0U2Z4R1F4A; CHEMBL3184710; SCHEMBL17274303; DTXSID80872626; Tox21_202496; NCGC00260045-01; LS-181597; Q27237251; Chlorinated paraffin; Chlorine paraffin; Chlorinated paraffins (C12, 60% chlorine); klorlu parafin; chlor paraffin; chlorate paraffin; parafin; paraffin; paraffine; 1,2,3,4,6,7,10 heptachlorododecane; AC1NR4BD; DSSTox_CID_269; DSSTox_RID_75477; UNII-0U2Z4R1F4A; DSSTox_GSID_20269; CAS-NOCAS_20269; 0U2Z4R1F4A; CHEMBL3184710; SCHEMBL17274303; Tox21_202496; NCGC00260045-01; 1,2,3,4,6,7,10-Heptachloro dodecane; LS-181597; Dodecane, 1,2,3,4,6,7,10-heptachloro-; 1005111-47-6; klorinated parafin; chlorinated parafin; klorine edilmi parafin; klorlu parafin; klorlu paraffin; chlorinated ionsparaffin; applicat chlorinated paraffin; chlorinated paraffin analysis; chlorinated paraffin; COA chlorinated paraffin exporter; chlorinated paraffin from normal paraffin; chlorinated paraffin leather grade chlorinated; paraffin packing; chlorinated paraffin price; chlorinated paraffin; PVC grade; chlorinated paraffin supplier; CP; CPs; cpw properties ICM; Iran Chemical Min;e Iran Chlorinated paraffin; chlorinated paraffin supplier lubricant oil additive marine paints raw material; paraffin chlorinated; placticizer agent; پارافین کلره; liquid; Cereclor; CERECLORS52; Plastoil 152; Plastoil 1040; CHLOROPARAFFIN; Ncgc00091464-01; Chlorinated waxes; Chlorinated paraffin; CHLORINATEDPARAFFIN60%; A 70 (wax); Adekacizer E 410; Adekacizer E 450; Adekacizer E 470; ADK Cizer 450; ADK Cizer 470; ADK Cizer E 410; Aquamix 108; Arubren; Arubren CP; Cerechlor 54; Cereclor; Cereclor 30; Cereclor 42; Cereclor 48; Cereclor 50LV; Cereclor 51L; Cereclor 52; Cereclor 54; Cereclor 56L; Cereclor 63L; Cereclor 65L; Cereclor 70; Cereclor 70L; Cereclor S 42; Cereclor S52; Cereclor S70; Chlorcosane; Chlorez 700; Chlorez 700hmp; Chlorinated paraffin; Chlorinated paraffin waxes; Chlorinated paraffin waxes and Hydrocarbon waxes; Chlorinated paraffins; Chlorinated paraffins (C23,43 chlorine); Chlorinated wax; Chlorinated waxes; Chloroflo 35; Chloroflo 40; Chloroflo 42; Chloroparaffine 40G; Chlorowax; Chlorowax 170; Chlorowax 40-40; Chlorowax 45AO; Chlorowax 50; Chlorowax 500C; Chlorowax 70; Chlorowax 70-5; Chlorowax 70S; Chlorowax S 70; Clorafin; Crechlor S 45; Creclor S 45; EC 264-150-0; EINECS 264-150-0; Flexchlor; HSDB 4214; NCI-C53587; Paraffin wax, chlorinated; Paraffin waxes and hydrocarbon waxes, chlorinated; Paraffin, chlorinated; Paroil chlorez; Unichlor; Unichlor 50; Chlorinated paraffins; Chlorowax 40; Chlorowax 500C; Paraffin waxes and hydrocarbon waxes, chlorinated; Paraffin waxes and Hydrocarbon waxes, chloro; Chlorowax 40; Chlorinated paraffin; 63449-39-8; CHLORINATED PARAFFINS; Chlorinated paraffin wax; EC 264-150-0; SCHEMBL2577273; CHEMBL1892619; NCGC00091464-01; Medium-chained chloroalkanes, (C14-17); NS00014226; Medium-chained chloroalkanes, (C14-17);Paraffin waxes and Hydrocarbon waxes, chloro; 108171-26-2; Alkanes, C10-12, chloro; Chlorinated C10-12 alkanes; CCRIS 1420; C10-12 chloroalkanes; DSSTox_CID_4824; DSSTox_RID_77544; CHEMBL3184336; Tox21_301113; NCGC00248291-01; NCGC00255013-01; Chlorinated paraffins: C12, 60% chlorine; Alkanes, C10-12, chloro [Chlorinated paraffins]; CHLORINATED PARAFFINS (C12. 60% CHLORINE); Paraffin waxes and hydrocarbon waxes, chlorinated (C12, 60% chlorine); Chlorinated paraffins (average chain length, C12; approximately 60% chlorine by wt.); Alkanes, C22-26, chloro; 108171-27-3; Chloro C22-26 alkanes; Chloro alkanes, C22-26; CCRIS 8871; 1,3,7,11,15,19,23-heptachlorotetracosane; DTXSID60872285; Paraffin waxes and hydrocarbon waxes, chlorinated (C23, 43% chlorine); Chlorinated paraffins: C23, 43% chlorine; Alkanes, C22-26, chloro [Chlorinated paraffins]; 8-bromo-9-chlorododec-1-ene; Paraffin, brominated, chlorinated; EINECS 271-246-6; Alkenes, C12-30 alpha-, bromo chloro; (C12-C30) alpha-Olefin, brominated, chlorinated; C12-30 Bromochloro alpha-alkenes; Alkenes, C12-30 ?-, bromo chloro; CTK8D9623; DTXSID80880428; Alkenes, C12-3Oalpha-, bromo chloro; 1,2,3,4,6,7,10-heptachlorododecane; 1,2,3,4,6,7,10-Heptachloro dodecane; Chlorinated paraffins (C12, 60% chlorine); Paraffin waxes and Hydrocarbon waxes, chloro; DSSTox_CID_269; DSSTox_RID_75477; UNII-0U2Z4R1F4A; 0U2Z4R1F4A; CHEMBL3184710; SCHEMBL17274303; DTXSID80872626; Tox21_202496; NCGC00260045-01; LS-181597; Q27237251; Chlorinated paraffin; Chlorine paraffin; Chlorinated paraffins (C12, 60% chlorine); klorlu parafin; chlor paraffin; chlorate paraffin; parafin; paraffin; paraffine; 1,2,3,4,6,7,10 heptachlorododecane; AC1NR4BD; DSSTox_CID_269; DSSTox_RID_75477; UNII-0U2Z4R1F4A; DSSTox_GSID_20269; CAS-NOCAS_20269; 0U2Z4R1F4A; CHEMBL3184710; SCHEMBL17274303; Tox21_202496; NCGC00260045-01; 1,2,3,4,6,7,10-Heptachloro dodecane; LS-181597; Dodecane, 1,2,3,4,6,7,10-heptachloro-; 1005111-47-6; klorinated parafin; chlorinated parafin; klorine edilmi parafin; klorlu parafin; klorlu paraffin; chlorinated ionsparaffin; applicat chlorinated paraffin; chlorinated paraffin analysis; chlorinated paraffin; COA chlorinated paraffin exporter; chlorinated paraffin from normal paraffin; chlorinated paraffin leather grade chlorinated; paraffin packing; chlorinated paraffin price; chlorinated paraffin; PVC grade; chlorinated paraffin supplier

CHLORINATED PARAFFIN (Chlorinated Paraffin, CP, Klorlu Parafin)

PRODUCT CPW 50/52 PROPERTIES STANDARD METHOD

Chemical Name Chlorinated Paraffin (CHLORINATED PARAFFIN, CP, Klorlu Parafin) CP 50/52 –

Appearance Clear light yellow liquid –

Chlorine Content 50-52% IF 14426-A

Specific Gravity (25 °C) 1.28 ± 0.2gr / cm3 ASTM D 4052-96

Viscosity (25 °C) Poise * 12-20 ASTM D 445

Thermal Stability (4h, 175 °C), Max 0.15 % HCl IF 14426-D

Appearance: white powder

Chlorinated Paraffin (CHLORINATED PARAFFIN, CP, Klorlu Parafin) is non-poisonous, non-inflammable low volatility, and high insulativity. It can be used as flame retardants and plasticizer. Widely used in the production of cable materials, floor, panel , shoes, rubber and other products. It also can be applied in coatings and lubricating oil additive.

Antisum, damp-proof and preventing overheating are required during storage.

Name and Chemical formula: CnH2n+2-yCly (%Cl=50-52)

ISO 9001: 2000 ISO 14001

Chlorinated Paraffin (CHLORINATED PARAFFIN, CP, Klorlu Parafin)s (CPs) are complex mixtures of polychlorinated n-alkanes. The chlorination degree of CPs can vary between 30 and 70 wt%. CPs are subdivided according to their carbon chain length into short chain CPs (SCCPs, C10-13), medium chain CPs (MCCPs, C14-17) and long chain CPs (LCCPs, C>17). Depending on chain length and chlorine content, CPs are colorless or yellowish liquids or solids.

Chlorinated Paraffin (CHLORINATED PARAFFIN, CP, Klorlu Parafin)s are synthesized by reaction of chlorine gas with unbranched paraffin fractions ( 2 % isoparaffins, 100 ppm aromatics) at a temperature of 80-100 °C. The radical substitution may be promoted by UV-light.

CxH(2x+2) + y Cl2 → CxH(2x-y+2)Cly + y HCl

When the desired degree of chlorination is achieved, residues of hydrochloric acid and chlorine are blown off with nitrogen. Epoxidized vegetable oil, glycidyl ether or organophosphorous compounds may be added to the final product for improved stability at high temperatures.

Commercial products have been classified as substances of unknown or variable composition. CPs are complex mixtures of chlorinated n-alkanes containing thousands of homologues and isomers which are not completely separated by standard analytical methods.

CPs are produced in Europe, North America, Australia, Brazil, South Africa and Asia. In China, where most of the world production capacity is located, 600,000 tons of Chlorinated Paraffin (CHLORINATED PARAFFIN, CP, Klorlu Parafin)s were produced in 2007.

Product Name: Chlorinated Paraffin (CHLORINATED PARAFFIN, CP, Klorlu Parafin) CPW 50/52

Recommend of use: Plasticizers and flame retardant additive and Solvent

CAS No: 85535-84-8

Chemical formula: CnH2n+2-yCly (%Cl=50-52)

Ingredient: % 50-52 Chlorine, Liquid CPW

Chlorine Paraffin (CPW)

Chlorine paraffin is used as a secondary plasticizer in PVC processes. It shows plasticizer characteristics.

Because it is economical, it provides savings relative to primary plasticizers.

Chlorinated Paraffin (CHLORINATED PARAFFIN, CP, Klorlu Parafin)s have no characteristic mild and unpleasant smell. The odor is likely due to small amounts of relative low molecular mass with small but measurable vapor pressure. The carbon chain length and chlorine content of paraffin determine the chemical and physical properties of Chlorinated Paraffin (CHLORINATED PARAFFIN, CP, Klorlu Parafin). It increases in carbon chain length and chlorination degrees of certain paraffins increase viscosity and density, but reduces volatility. Chlorinated Paraffin (CHLORINATED PARAFFIN, CP, Klorlu Parafin)s normally contain stabilizers that are added to prevent degradation. Common stabilizers include epoxidized esters and epoxided compounds such as soybean oils, pentaeritritol, thymol, urea, acetonitriles, and organic phosphates.

Chlorine Paraffin Which Areas Used

The areas where chlorine paraffin can be used are as follows:

It is used in vinyl and acrylic paints

As a non-flammable plasticizer in PVC formulations,

It is used as a high pressure additive in lubricants as a burn retardant additive in cable cases.

It is used as working fluid in metal processing

Chlorinated Paraffin (CHLORINATED PARAFFIN, CP, Klorlu Parafin), General specification:

Chlorinated Paraffin (CHLORINATED PARAFFIN, CP, Klorlu Parafin) is manufactured by the chlorination of n-paraffin or paraffin wax, normally in a batch process. The reaction is exothermic and leads to the generation of the by-product hydrochloric acid. After removing residual traces of acid, a stabilizer is added to produce finished batches.

Chlorinated Paraffin (CHLORINATED PARAFFIN, CP, Klorlu Parafin), Applications:

Chlorinated Paraffin (CHLORINATED PARAFFIN, CP, Klorlu Parafin) uses for replacing the main plastics Dioxyl Phthalate-Dioxo-Acetyl Phthalate Expansion and Plasticizers in the processing of vinyl polymers, auxiliary polymers and chlorinated tires of neoprene Chlorinated Paraffin (CHLORINATED PARAFFIN, CP, Klorlu Parafin) is an additives in lubricating oils and industrial oils such as oils in rollers, CP is use as drawing of refractory materials, production of PVC films, Chlorinated Paraffin (CHLORINATED PARAFFIN, CP, Klorlu Parafin) also use for making artificial leather production, rubber industry, cable sheathing, flexible PVC pipes production, and production of marine paints.

Chlorinated Paraffin (CHLORINATED PARAFFIN, CP, Klorlu Parafin) is a plasticizer largely used in PVC. Chlorinated Paraffin (CHLORINATED PARAFFIN, CP, Klorlu Parafin) is used as an additive in industrial lubricants like gear oil as a fire retardant chemical additive.

Chlorinated Paraffin (CHLORINATED PARAFFIN, CP, Klorlu Parafin) is used as plasticizers in paint sealants and adhesives. The main advantage over other alternatives is inertness and it enhances flame retardant properties. Cpw with high chlorine content is used as flame retardants in a wide range of rubbers and polymer systems.

Chlorinated Paraffin (CHLORINATED PARAFFIN, CP, Klorlu Parafin) is also used in formulation of metal working lubricants as they are one of the most effective extreme pressure additives for lubricants used in a wide range of machining and engineering operations.

Chlorinated Paraffin (CHLORINATED PARAFFIN, CP, Klorlu Parafin), Packing:

Our Chlorinated Paraffin (CHLORINATED PARAFFIN, CP, Klorlu Parafin) is packed in 220 kg plastic drums, shrink and palletize. We can offer Chlorinated Paraffin (CHLORINATED PARAFFIN, CP, Klorlu Parafin) in customized packing, as well.

Chlorinated Paraffin (CHLORINATED PARAFFIN, CP, Klorlu Parafin), export destinations:

Chlorinated Paraffin (CHLORINATED PARAFFIN, CP, Klorlu Parafin), mostly offered by customers who are manufacturing the best quality PVC, Leather, Cable making, Marine Paints. So, we are exporting Chlorinated Paraffin (CHLORINATED PARAFFIN, CP, Klorlu Parafin) to African, European, South American, East Asian countries.

Our Chlorinated Paraffin (CHLORINATED PARAFFIN, CP, Klorlu Parafin) is producing, packing and exporting to mention above destinations, under Iran Chemical Mine authorization by the best Iranian Chlorinated Paraffin (CHLORINATED PARAFFIN, CP, Klorlu Parafin) raw materials in accordance with ASTM standard.

For taking updated price for Chlorinated Paraffin (CHLORINATED PARAFFIN, CP, Klorlu Parafin) and knowing more about further details, please contact us by our contact lines/email.

Chlorinated Paraffin (CHLORINATED PARAFFIN, CP, Klorlu Parafin)s (CPs) are complex mixtures of polychlorinated n-alkanes. The chlorination degree of CPs can vary between 30 and 70 wt%. CPs are subdivided according to their carbon chain length into short-chain CPs (SCCPs, C10-13), medium-chain CPs (MCCPs, C14-17) and long-chain CPs (LCCPs, C>17). Depending on chain length and chlorine content, CPs are colorless or yellowish liquids or solids.

Contents

1 Production of Chlorinated Paraffin (CHLORINATED PARAFFIN, CP, Klorlu Parafin)

2 Industrial applications of Chlorinated Paraffin (CHLORINATED PARAFFIN, CP, Klorlu Parafin)

3 Safety of Chlorinated Paraffin (CHLORINATED PARAFFIN, CP, Klorlu Parafin)

Production of Chlorinated Paraffin (CHLORINATED PARAFFIN, CP, Klorlu Parafin)

Chlorinated Paraffin (CHLORINATED PARAFFIN, CP, Klorlu Parafin)s are synthesized by reaction of chlorine gas with unbranched paraffin fractions (<2 % isoparaffins, <100 ppm aromatics) at a temperature of 80-100 °C.[2] The radical substitution may be promoted by UV-light.[3][1]

CxH(2x+2) + y Cl2 → CxH(2x-y+2)Cly + y HCl

Commercial products have been classified as substances of unknown or variable composition. CPs are complex mixtures of chlorinated n-alkanes containing thousands of homologues and isomers[6] which are not completely separated by standard analytical methods.[7]

CPs are produced in Europe, North America, Australia, Brazil, South Africa and Asia.[8] In China, where most of the world production capacity is located, 600,000 tons of Chlorinated Paraffin (CHLORINATED PARAFFIN, CP, Klorlu Parafin)s were produced in 2007.[9] Production and use volumes of CPs exceeded 1,000,000 tons in 2013.[10]

Industrial applications Chlorinated Paraffin (CHLORINATED PARAFFIN, CP, Klorlu Parafin)

Production of CPs for industrial use started in the 1930s.[11] Currently, over 200 CP formulations are in use for a wide range of industrial applications, such as flame retardants and plasticisers, as additives in metal working fluids, in sealants, paints, adhesives, textiles, leather fat and coatings.[12][1]

Safety

Short-chain CPs are classified as persistent and their physical properties (octanol-water partition coefficient (logKOW) 4.4-8, depending on the chlorination degree) imply a high potential for bioaccumulation. Furthermore, SCCPs are classified as toxic to aquatic organisms, and carcinogenic to rats and mice. Therefore, it was concluded that SCCPs have PBT and vPvB properties and they were added to the Candidate List of substances of very high concern for Authorisation under REACH Regulation.[13] SCCPs (average chain length of C12, chlorination degree 60 wt%) were categorised in group 2B as possibly carcinogenic to humans from the International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC).[14] In 2017, it was agreed to globally ban SCCPs under the Stockholm Convention on Persistent Organic Pollutants, effective December 2018. However, also MCCPs are toxic to the aquatic environment and persistent; MCCPs in soil, biota, and most of the sediment cores show increasing time trends over the last years to decades; MCCP concentrations in sediment close to local sources exceed toxicity thresholds such as the PNEC.

Chlorinated Paraffin (CHLORINATED PARAFFIN, CP, Klorlu Parafin) (CP) – is a complex chemical substance of polychlorinated n-alkanes used in multiple applications across diverse industries.

The chlorination degree of Chlorinated Paraffin (CHLORINATED PARAFFIN, CP, Klorlu Parafin) (CP) can vary between 30 and 70 wt%. CPs are subdivided according to their carbon chain length into :

Short-chain C10-C13

Medium-chain C14-C17

Long-chain C>17

Depending on chain length and chlorine content, Chlorinated Paraffin (CHLORINATED PARAFFIN, CP, Klorlu Parafin) (CP) are colourless or yellowish liquids or solids

Production

Chlorinated Paraffin (CHLORINATED PARAFFIN, CP, Klorlu Parafin)s are synthesized for industrial by reaction of chlorine gas with unbranched paraffin fractions at a temperature of 80-100 °C since the 1930s.

USES

The main application for Chlorinated Paraffin (CHLORINATED PARAFFIN, CP, Klorlu Parafin) (CP) is as a flame retardant. When exposed to high temperatures, Chlorinated Paraffin (CHLORINATED PARAFFIN, CP, Klorlu Parafin) (CP) releases a substantial amount of HCI. In its condensed phase, HCI contributes to the formation of char. In its vapor phase, it can function as a flame poison.

Currently, over 200 formulations as Chlorinated Paraffin (CHLORINATED PARAFFIN, CP, Klorlu Parafin) (CP) are in use for a wide range of industrial applications as:

plasticizer: CP is used in some types of flooring, wire and cable insulation, and garden hose.

paints – sealants – coatings : In traffic markings paint and marine applications, such as coatings for industrial flooring, vessels, swimming pools, etc. adhesives, caulks, plastics, coolant or lubricant in metal working fluids, additives, textiles, leather fat, coating, upholsteryfurniture, flooring.

Benefits of using Chlorinated Paraffin (CHLORINATED PARAFFIN, CP, Klorlu Parafin)

Overall Chlorinated Paraffin (CHLORINATED PARAFFIN, CP, Klorlu Parafin) offers:

Flame-retardant low-cost solution for a wide range of applications.

Greater flexibility at lower temperatures than conventional plasticizers.

Improved resistance to both water and chemicals.

Improved stain resistance.

Viscosity regulation for PVC plastisols stability during dip and rotational molding.

Lubricant for metal surface during cleaning of metal parts. The cleaning process eliminates contaminants like grease and oil, it can also remove plasticizers that are required for an effective formulation.

handling the storage, transport, export & import formalities of Chlorinated Paraffin (CHLORINATED PARAFFIN, CP, Klorlu Parafin) (CP) globally.

Chlorinated Paraffin (CHLORINATED PARAFFIN, CP, Klorlu Parafin)s are a class of chemicals used for a variety of applications. They can be classified according to the length of their chlorine chains, and commercial formulations may include a mix of compounds in this class. CAS 106232-86-4 is considered a Long Chain Chlorinated Paraffin (CHLORINATED PARAFFIN, CP, Klorlu Parafin) (LCCP), with 24 chlorine atoms. The long form is less environmentally sensitive than short-length varieties.

Chlorinated Paraffin (CHLORINATED PARAFFIN, CP, Klorlu Parafin) is largely inert, almost insoluble in water, and flame retardant. It can function as a plasticizing additive to for metal lubricants and cutting fluids, plastics, rubber, paint, adhesives, and more. Most of the world’s Chlorinated Paraffin (CHLORINATED PARAFFIN, CP, Klorlu Parafin) is produced in China.

Chlorinated Paraffin (CHLORINATED PARAFFIN, CP, Klorlu Parafin)s are slowly absorbed by the dermal route in Sprague-Dawley rats. Two (14)C-labeled Chlorinated Paraffin (CHLORINATED PARAFFIN, CP, Klorlu Parafin)s, C18;50-53% Cl (CP-LH) and C28;47% Cl (CP-LL), were applied to rat skin (5-7 animals of each sex) at a concentration of 66 mg/sq cm, approximately equivalent to 2000 mg/kg body weight. Only 0.7% (males) and 0.6% (females) of the C18 dose was absorbed after 96 hr. Only 0.02% of the C28 dose was absorbed in males whereas in females the level was not detectable. This indicates that increasing chain length leads to decreased permeability. Of the absorbed C18 dose, 40% was exhaled as (14)C-labeled CO2, and 20% was excreted in urine and 20% in feces. /Long chain length Chlorinated Paraffin (CHLORINATED PARAFFIN, CP, Klorlu Parafin)s/

The absorption of two Chlorinated Paraffin (CHLORINATED PARAFFIN, CP, Klorlu Parafin)s through human skin has been studied in vitro. There was no absorption of Cereclor S52 (C14-19;52% Cl, CP-MH) following a 54-hr application to the surface of the epidermal membranes using five different receptor media. Similarly, using Cereclor 56L (C10-13; 56% Cl, CP-SH; 18.5% w/w solution in a typical cutting oil) no absorption was detected for 7 hr, but after 23 hr a slow but steady rate of absorption was detected (e.g., 0.05 +/- 0.01 ug/sq cm per hr +/- SEM; n = 6; receptor medium PEG-20 oleyl ether in saline), which was maintained for the duration of the experiment (56 hr). Owing to the anticipated low rate of absorption, the Chlorinated Paraffin (CHLORINATED PARAFFIN, CP, Klorlu Parafin) samples were spiked with [(14)C] n-pentadecane and [(14)C] n-undecane for Cereclor S52 and 56L, respectively, in order to facilitate detection of the absorbed material. Measurement of the (14)C-alkanes was taken as a surrogate for the Chlorinated Paraffin (CHLORINATED PARAFFIN, CP, Klorlu Parafin)s, on the assumption that their rates of absorption were similar.

Female C57Bl mice were administered 12.5 MBq/kg body weight (340 uCi) (for autoradiography) or 1.25 MBq/kg body weight (34 uCi) (for determination of radioactivity) of (14)C-labeled chlorododecanes (C12) with different chlorine contents (17.5% [CP-SL], 55.9% [CP-SH] and 68.5% [CP-SH]) either by gavage or intravenous injection. Uptake of radioactivity was found by autoradiography to be highest in tissues with high cell turnover/high metabolic activity, e.g., intestinal mucosa, bone marrow, salivary glands, thymus and liver. The highest radioactivity was achieved with the Chlorinated Paraffin (CHLORINATED PARAFFIN, CP, Klorlu Parafin) that had the lowest chlorine content. It was found that the long period of retention of heptane-soluble radioactivity, which indicated unmetabolized substance, in liver and fat after oral dosing increased with degree of chlorination. In this study it was also found that 30 to 60 days after injection of C12;17.5% Cl and C12;55.9% Cl a considerable retention of radioactivity was seen in the central nervous system. Exposure of late gestation mice showed a transplacental passage of radioactivity, and (14)C-labeling was primarily noted in the liver, brown fat and intestine of the fetuses. /short chain length Chlorinated Paraffin (CHLORINATED PARAFFIN, CP, Klorlu Parafin)/

(14)C-Labeled [1-(14)C]polychlorohexadecane (C16;34.1% Cl, CP-ML) was given to C57Bl mice either by gavage (females) or intravenously (both sexes) at a radioactivity level of 370 kBq/animal (10 uCi) (corresponding to 0.44 umol of the Chlorinated Paraffin (CHLORINATED PARAFFIN, CP, Klorlu Parafin)). No difference in the distribution patterns was found between the oral and intravenous administration routes. After analysis by autoradiography a high level of radioactivity was found in tissues with a high cell turnover rate and/or high metabolic activity, and lower levels could be seen in the white fat depots. High levels of radioactivity were observed in the liver, kidneys, spleen, bone marrow, brown fat, intestinal mucosa, pancreas, salivary gland and the Harderian gland 24 hr after intravenous injection. After 12 days high levels of radioactivity were seen in the adrenal cortex, abdominal fat and in the bile. Later after injection (30 days), prominent radiolabeling of the brain was found which was as high as in the liver. The Chlorinated Paraffin (CHLORINATED PARAFFIN, CP, Klorlu Parafin) was also administered intravenously to pregnant mice, and uptake of radioactivity in the fetuses was observed. When the mice were administered on day 10 of pregnancy no tissue-specific localization was found, but after administration in late pregnancy (day 17) the distribution pattern after 6 hr was similar to that of adult mice when examined 24 hr after administration. /Intermediate chain length Chlorinated Paraffin (CHLORINATED PARAFFIN, CP, Klorlu Parafin)/

/It was/ demonstrated that inducers and inhibitors of cytochrome P-450 (CYP) affect the rate of degradation of (14)C-labeled polychlorinated dodecanes (C12) containing 68.5% (CP-SH), 55.9% (CP-SH) and 17.4% Cl (CP-SL) to (14)CO2 in exposed C57Bl mice. Pretreatment with the inhibitor piperonyl butoxide decreased the amount of (14)CO2 formed, and the decrease was more pronounced with increasing degree of chlorination. The inhibitor metyrapone decreased the exhalation of (14)CO2 but was only investigated in mice exposed to C12;68.5% Cl. The cytochrome P-450 (CYP2B1; CYP2B2) inducer, phenobarbital, moderately increased the rate of (14)CO2 formation from Chlorinated Paraffin (CHLORINATED PARAFFIN, CP, Klorlu Parafin) with 68% Cl, whereas the P-448 (CYP1A1; CYP1A2) inducer, 3-methylcholanthrene, did not affect the degradation rate, indicating a cytochrome P-450-dependent metabolism of chlorinated dodecanes yielding (14)CO2. /Short chain length Chlorinated Paraffin (CHLORINATED PARAFFIN, CP, Klorlu Parafin)/

CHEMICAL PROFILE: Chlorinate paraffins: Major uses: Metal working fluids and lubricants, 50 percent; plastics additives, 20 percent; rubber, 12 percent; coatings, 9 percent; caulks, sealants and adhesives, 6 percent; miscellaneous, 3 percent. Medium-Chain Chlorinated Paraffin (CHLORINATED PARAFFIN, CP, Klorlu Parafin)s represent the largest production and use category in North America (46 percent). Long-Chain Chlorinated Paraffin (CHLORINATED PARAFFIN, CP, Klorlu Parafin)s are second (33 percent) and, Short-Chain Chlorinated Paraffin (CHLORINATED PARAFFIN, CP, Klorlu Parafin)s account for the rest (21 percent).

“Chlorinated Paraffin (CHLORINATED PARAFFIN, CP, Klorlu Parafin)s” is the collective name given to industrial products prepared be chlorination of straight-chain paraffins or wax fractions. The carbon length of commercial products is usually between C10 – C30 and the chlorine content between 20-70 weight%. … They are complex mixtures of many molecular species differing in the lengths of their carbon chains and in the number and relative positions of chlorine atoms present on each carbon chain.

Evaluation: There is sufficient evidence for the carcinogenicity of a commercial Chlorinated Paraffin (CHLORINATED PARAFFIN, CP, Klorlu Parafin) product of average carbon-chain length C12 and average degree of chlorination 60% in experimental animals. There is limited evidence for the carcinogenicity of a commercial Chlorinated Paraffin (CHLORINATED PARAFFIN, CP, Klorlu Parafin) product of average carbon-chain length C23 and average degree of chlorination 43% in experimental animals. No data were available from studies in humans on the carcinogenicity of Chlorinated Paraffin (CHLORINATED PARAFFIN, CP, Klorlu Parafin)s. Overall evaluation: Chlorinated Paraffin (CHLORINATED PARAFFIN, CP, Klorlu Parafin)s of average carbon-chain length C12 and average degree of chlorination approximately 60% are possibly carcinogenic to humans (Group 2B).

/LABORATORY ANIMALS: Acute Exposure/ The eye irritation potential of three different Chlorinated Paraffin (CHLORINATED PARAFFIN, CP, Klorlu Parafin)s, C10-13;65% Cl(CP-SH), which contained either 2.5 or 2% of two different additives or 0.7% of an epoxy stabilizer, was tested in two studies. Either 0.1 mL or “one drop” of the chloroparaffin was instilled into one conjunctival sac of groups of three rabbits. Similar results were reported for all three formulations: practically no initial pain (2 on a 6-point scale) was noted. Slight irritation (3 on a 8-point scale), shown by redness and chemosis (only noted in the formulation containing the epoxy stabilizer) of the conjunctiva with some discharge, lasted for 24 hr. One drop of 52% or 40% Chlorinated Paraffin (CHLORINATED PARAFFIN, CP, Klorlu Parafin)s, containing unspecified additives or 1% epoxy stabilizer, was also tested. With the 52% Chlorinated Paraffin (CHLORINATED PARAFFIN, CP, Klorlu Parafin), slight immediate irritation was followed by slight redness of the conjunctiva which lasted for 24 hr. With the 40% Chlorinated Paraffin (CHLORINATED PARAFFIN, CP, Klorlu Parafin), mild congestion was noted at 1 hr but no effects were seen at 24 hr. /Short chain length Chlorinated Paraffin (CHLORINATED PARAFFIN, CP, Klorlu Parafin)/

Toxicology and carcinogenesis studies of Chlorinated Paraffin (CHLORINATED PARAFFIN, CP, Klorlu Parafin)s (C23, 43% chlorine) … were conducted by administering the chemical in corn oil by gavage to groups of 50 F344/N rats and 50 B6C3F1 mice of each sex, 5 days per week for 103 wk. Additional groups of 10 rats per sex and dose were examined at 6 and at 12 months. Male rats received doses of 0, 1,875, or 3,750 mg/kg body weight; female rats were given 0, 100, 300, or 900 mg/kg. Male and female mice received 0, 2,500, or 5,000 mg/kg. Doses selected for the 2 yr studies were based on the results from 13 wk studies in which rats of each sex received 0 to 3,750 mg/kg, and mice of each sex, 0 to 7,500 mg/kg. Under the conditions of these 2 yr gavage studies, there was no evidence of carcinogenicity of Chlorinated Paraffin (CHLORINATED PARAFFIN, CP, Klorlu Parafin)s (C23, 43% chlorine) for male F344/N rats given 1,875 or 3,750 mg/kg per day. There was equivocal evidence of carcinogenicity of Chlorinated Paraffin (CHLORINATED PARAFFIN, CP, Klorlu Parafin)s (C23, 43% chlorine) for female F344/N rats as shown by an increased incidence of adrenal gland medullary pheochromocytomas. There was clear evidence of carcinogenicity of Chlorinated Paraffin (CHLORINATED PARAFFIN, CP, Klorlu Parafin)s (C23, 43% chlorine) for male B6C3F1 mice as shown by an increase in the incidence of malignant lymphomas. There was equivocal evidence of carcinogenicity of Chlorinated Paraffin (CHLORINATED PARAFFIN, CP, Klorlu Parafin)s (C23, 43% chlorine) for female B6C3F1 mice as shown by a marginal increase in the incidence of hepatocellular neoplasms.

Chlorinated Paraffin (CHLORINATED PARAFFIN, CP, Klorlu Parafin)s’ production and use as extreme pressure lubricants, fire retardant additives and sealants for C10-C13 (50-70% chlorinated), secondary PVC plasticizers for C14-C17 (45-60% chlorinated) and paints, extreme pressure lubricants and fire retardant additives for C20-C30 (40-70% chlorinated) may result in their release to the environment through various waste streams. If released to air, a vapor pressure on the order of 2X10-5 mm Hg indicates Chlorinated Paraffin (CHLORINATED PARAFFIN, CP, Klorlu Parafin)s will exist in both the vapor and particulate phases. Vapor-phase Chlorinated Paraffin (CHLORINATED PARAFFIN, CP, Klorlu Parafin)s will be degraded in the atmosphere by reaction with photochemically-produced hydroxyl radicals. Particulate-phase Chlorinated Paraffin (CHLORINATED PARAFFIN, CP, Klorlu Parafin)s will be removed from the atmosphere by wet or dry deposition. Sunlight appears to catalyze the decomposition of Chlorinated Paraffin (CHLORINATED PARAFFIN, CP, Klorlu Parafin)s with the evolution of hydrogen chloride. If released to soil, Chlorinated Paraffin (CHLORINATED PARAFFIN, CP, Klorlu Parafin)s are expected to have no mobility based upon estimated Koc values of 5900 to 2.2X10+8. Volatilization from moist soil surfaces is not expected to be an important fate process based upon the low vapor pressure of 2X10-5 mm Hg and extremely low water solubility. Based on limited biodegradation studies, Chlorinated Paraffin (CHLORINATED PARAFFIN, CP, Klorlu Parafin)s may biodegrade in soil and water. If released into water, Chlorinated Paraffin (CHLORINATED PARAFFIN, CP, Klorlu Parafin)s are expected to adsorb to suspended solids and sediment based upon the estimated Koc values. Volatilization from water surfaces is not expected to be an important fate process based upon the vapor pressure and water solubility. A log BCF of 1.69, and BCF values of 7800 in fresh water fish suggest bioconcentration in aquatic organisms is moderate to very high. Chlorinated Paraffin (CHLORINATED PARAFFIN, CP, Klorlu Parafin)s are not expected to undergo hydrolysis in the environment due to the lack of functional groups that hydrolyze under environmental conditions. Occupational exposure to Chlorinated Paraffin (CHLORINATED PARAFFIN, CP, Klorlu Parafin)s may occur through dermal contact with this compound at workplaces where Chlorinated Paraffin (CHLORINATED PARAFFIN, CP, Klorlu Parafin)s are produced or used. Use and monitoring data indicate that the general population may be exposed to Chlorinated Paraffin (CHLORINATED PARAFFIN, CP, Klorlu Parafin)s via ingestion of food and dermal contact with products containing Chlorinated Paraffin (CHLORINATED PARAFFIN, CP, Klorlu Parafin)s. (SRC)

TERRESTRIAL FATE: Based on a classification scheme(1), estimated Koc values of 5900 to 2.2X10+8(SRC), determined from log Kows of 4.4 to 12.8(2) and a regression-derived equation(3), indicate that Chlorinated Paraffin (CHLORINATED PARAFFIN, CP, Klorlu Parafin)s are expected to be immobile in soil(SRC). Volatilization of Chlorinated Paraffin (CHLORINATED PARAFFIN, CP, Klorlu Parafin)s from moist soil surfaces is not expected to be an important fate process(SRC) based upon the low vapor pressure of 2X10-5 mm Hg and extremely low water solubility(4). Chlorinated Paraffin (CHLORINATED PARAFFIN, CP, Klorlu Parafin)s are not expected to volatilize from dry soil surfaces(SRC) based upon the vapor pressure(4). Based on limited biodegradation studies Chlorinated Paraffin (CHLORINATED PARAFFIN, CP, Klorlu Parafin)s may biodegrade in soil(5-6).

NIOSH (NOES Survey 1981-1983) has statistically estimated that 573,193 workers (38,354 of these were female) were potentially exposed to Chlorinated Paraffin (CHLORINATED PARAFFIN, CP, Klorlu Parafin)s in the US(1). Occupational exposure to Chlorinated Paraffin (CHLORINATED PARAFFIN, CP, Klorlu Parafin)s may occur through dermal contact with this compound at workplaces where Chlorinated Paraffin (CHLORINATED PARAFFIN, CP, Klorlu Parafin)s are produced or used. Use data indicate that the general population may be exposed to Chlorinated Paraffin (CHLORINATED PARAFFIN, CP, Klorlu Parafin)s via ingestion of food, and dermal contact with products containing Chlorinated Paraffin (CHLORINATED PARAFFIN, CP, Klorlu Parafin)s(SRC).

Uses of Chlorinated Paraffin (CHLORINATED PARAFFIN, CP, Klorlu Parafin)s :

Chlorinated Paraffin (CHLORINATED PARAFFIN, CP, Klorlu Parafin)s are used as secondary plasticizers for polyvinyl chloride (PVC) and can partially replace primary plasticizers such as phthalates and phosphate esters.

The use of Chlorinated Paraffin (CHLORINATED PARAFFIN, CP, Klorlu Parafin)s has the advantage in comparison with conventional plasticizers of both increasing the flexibility of the material as well as increasing its flame retardancy and low-temperature strength. Chlorinated Paraffin (CHLORINATED PARAFFIN, CP, Klorlu Parafin)s are also used as extreme pressure additives in metal- machining fluids or as metal working lubricants or cutting oils because of their viscous nature, compatibility with oils, and property of releasing hydrochloric acid at elevated temperatures. The hydrochloric acid reacts with metal surfaces to form a thin but strong solid film of metal chloride lubricant. They are added to paints, coatings and sealants to improve resistance to water and chemicals, which is most suitable when they are used in marine paints, as coatings for industrial flooring, vessels and swimming pools (e.g., rubber and chlorinated rubber coatings), and as road marking paints.

The flame-retarding properties of highly Chlorinated Paraffin (CHLORINATED PARAFFIN, CP, Klorlu Parafin)s make them important as additives in plastics, fabrics, paints and coatings. The most effective fire-retardant action is obtained with a high degree of chlorination. By the late 1970s approximately 50% of Chlorinated Paraffin (CHLORINATED PARAFFIN, CP, Klorlu Parafin)s in the USA was used as extreme pressure lubricant additives in the metal-working industry; 25% was used in plastics and fire-retardant and water- repellant fabric treatments, and the rest was used in paint, rubber, caulks and sealants In the United Kingdom, 65-70% of the consumed Chlorinated Paraffin (CHLORINATED PARAFFIN, CP, Klorlu Parafin)s is used as a secondary plasticizer in PVC, about 10% in paint, about 10% in metal-cutting lubricants and about 10% in flame retardants and sealants

Textile and Tanning Auxiliaries:

Chlorinated Paraffin (CHLORINATED PARAFFIN, CP, Klorlu Parafin) can be used as additive in the treatment of textiles, in particular for fireproof finishing and In combination with chlorinated polyethylene or chlorinated rubber for waterproofing natural fiber fabrics by impregnation and synthetic fibers by smearing. Chlorinated Paraffin (CHLORINATED PARAFFIN, CP, Klorlu Parafin), due to their polar nature, are also used as greasing agents for hides and similar raw materials.

Others:

Because of their full compatibility, low volatility, good stability and non flammability, the various types of Chlorinated Paraffin (CHLORINATED PARAFFIN, CP, Klorlu Parafin) are used as plasticizers in the preparations of solvent and emulsion paints and varnishes. Adding Chlorinated Paraffin (CHLORINATED PARAFFIN, CP, Klorlu Parafin) to paints or varnishes increases their hardness, brilliancy and resistance to acids and alkalis and improves the elasticity of the final product.

Klorlu Parafin (Chlorinated Paraffin, CP, CHLORINATED PARAFFIN)

Görünümü : Sv

Kimyasal Ad : Chlorinated paraffins

Kimyasal Formülü : C10-13, C14-17, C>17

Ambalaj ekli : Varillerde

Tanm ve Kullanm Alan :

Klorlu Parafin (Chlorinated Paraffin, CP, CHLORINATED PARAFFIN), kat, yüksek klor içerii (% 70) olan uzun karbon zinciri uzunluu (C20-C30) olan klorlanm parafinler hariç, yapkan, renksiz veya sarms, youn yalardr. Klorlu Parafin (Chlorinated Paraffin, CP, CHLORINATED PARAFFIN)lerin karakteristik hafif ve tatsz kokusu yoktur. Koku, muhtemelen küçük fakat ölçülebilen buhar basncyla göreceli düük moleküler kütleden küçük miktarlarda ürüne baldr. Parafinin karbon zinciri uzunluu ve klor içerii Klorlu Parafin (Chlorinated Paraffin, CP, CHLORINATED PARAFFIN)lerin kimyasal ve fiziksel özelliklerini belirler. Belirli parafinlerin karbon zinciri uzunluu ve klorlama derecelerindeki artlar viskozite ve younluu arttrr, ancak volatiliteyi azaltr.

Klorlanm parafinler normalde bozunmay önlemek için ilave edilen stabilizatörler içerir. Yaygn stabilizatörler, Epoksidize esterler ve soya fasulyesi yalar, pentaeritritol, timol, üre, glisidil eterler, asetonitriller ve organik fosfatlar gibi Epoksitlenmi bileikleri içerir.

Kullanm Alanlar

Kauçuk imalinde kullanlr

Vinil ve akrilik boyalarda kullanlr

PVC formülasyonlarnda yanmayan plastifiyan olarak,

Kablo klflarnda yanmay geciktirici katk malzemesi olarak

Lubrikantlarda yüksek basnç katks olarak kullanlr.

Metal ilemede çalma svs olarak kullanlr

Klorlu Parafin (Chlorinated Paraffin, CP, CHLORINATED PARAFFIN)ler, polivinil klorid (PVC) için ikincil plastikletiriciler olarak kullanlrlar ve ksmen fitalatlar ve fosfat esterleri gibi birincil plastikletiricilerle yer deitirebilirler.

Klorlanm parafinler, metalik ileme svlar veya metal ileyen yalayclar veya kesme yalar olarak, yapkan nitelikleri, yalarla uyumluluk ve yüksek scaklklarda hidroklorik asit salma özelliinden dolay ar basnç katk maddeleri olarak da kullanlrlar.

Deniz boyalarnda, endüstriyel zemin kaplamalar, kaplar ve yüzme havuzlar için kaplamalar gibi suya ve kimyasallara kar direnci artrmak için boyalara, kaplamalara ve szdrmazlk macunlarna ilave edilirler

Klorlu Parafin (Chlorinated Paraffin, CP, CHLORINATED PARAFFIN), tekstillerin, özellikle de yanmaz yüzey kaplamann ve doal elyaf kumalarn emprenye edilmesiyle ve sentetik elyaflarn kirlenerek su geçirimsiz hale getirilmesi için klorlanm polietilen veya klorlu kauçuk ile kombinasyon halinde katk maddelerinde kullanlabilir.

Klorlanm parafin, kutupsal özelliklerinden dolay, deri ve benzeri hammaddeler için yalayc maddeler olarak da kullanlr.

Tam uyumluluk, düük uçuculuk, iyi stabilite ve yanmazlk nedeniyle, çeitli Klor Parafin türleri, solvent ve emülsiyon boyalar ve verniklerin preparatlarnda plastikletiriciler olarak kullanlr.

Boya veya verniklere Klorlu Parafin (Chlorinated Paraffin, CP, CHLORINATED PARAFFIN) eklenmesi, sertliklerini, parlaklklarn ve asitlere ve alkalilere kar direncini arttrr ve nihai ürünün elastikiyetini artrr.

Görünüm: beyaz toz

Klorlu Parafin (Chlorinated Paraffin, CP, CHLORINATED PARAFFIN), zehirli, yanc olmayan düük uçuculuk ve yüksek yaltkanlktr. Alev geciktiriciler ve plastikletiriciler olarak kullanlabilir. Kablo malzemeleri, zemin, panel, ayakkab, kauçuk ve dier ürünlerin üretiminde yaygn olarak kullanlmaktadr. Kaplamalarda ve yalayc ya katk maddelerinde de uygulanabilir.

Depolama esnasnda antisum, nem geçirmez ve ar snmay önleme gereklidir.

Klorlu Parafin (Chlorinated Paraffin, CP, CHLORINATED PARAFFIN)

sim ve Kimyasal Formül: Klorlu Parafin (Chlorinated Paraffin, CP, CHLORINATED PARAFFIN), CnH2n+2-yCly (%Cl=50-52)

ISO 9001: 2000 ISO 14001

KULLANIM YERLER: Plastifiyanlar ve alev geciktirici katk maddeleri ve Solvent

AMBALAJ EKL: 220 dm3 veya 1000 dm3 kapasiteli plastik bidonlarda

Klorlanm parafinler (CPs), poliklorlu n-alkanlarn kompleks karmlardr. KP’lerin klorlama derecesi arlkça% 30 ila 70 arasnda deiebilir. CPs’ler karbon zincirinin uzunluuna göre ksa zincirli CPs’lere (SCCPs’ler, C10-13), orta zincirli CPs’lere (MCCPs’ler, C14-17) ve uzun zincirli CPs’lere (LCCPs’ler, C> 17) bölünürler. Zincir uzunluuna ve klor içeriine bal olarak, CPs renksiz veya sarmtrak sv veya katdr. Klorlanm parafinler, klor gaz dallanmam parafin fraksiyonlar ( <2 izoparafinler, <100 ppm aromatikler) ile reaksiyona sokularak 80-100 °C scaklkta sentezlenir. Radikal ikame UV- ile yükseltilebilir. CxH (2x + 2) + yCL2 → CxH (2x-y + 2) CLy + yHCL Arzu edilen klorlama derecesine ulaldnda, hidroklorik asit ve klorin artklar azot ile atlr. Epoksitlenmi bitkisel ya, glisidil eter veya organofosforlu bileikler, nihai üründe yüksek scaklklarda daha iyi stabilite salamak için eklenebilir. Ticari ürünler, bilinmeyen veya deiken bileime sahip maddeler olarak snflandrlmtr. CPs’ler, standart analitik yöntemlerle tamamen ayrlmayan binlerce homolog ve izomer içeren karmak klorlanm n-alkanlar karmlardr. CPs’ler Avrupa, Kuzey Amerika, Avustralya, Brezilya, Güney Afrika ve Asya’da üretilmektedir. Dünya üretim kapasitesinin bulunduu Çin’de 2007 ylnda 600.000 ton Klorlu Parafin (Chlorinated Paraffin, CP, CHLORINATED PARAFFIN) üretildi.

Görünüm: beyaz toz

Klorlu Parafin (Chlorinated Paraffin, CP, CHLORINATED PARAFFIN) zehirsiz, yanc olmayan, düük uçuculuk ve yüksek yaltkanla sahiptir. Alev geciktirici ve plastikletirici olarak kullanlabilir. Kablo malzemeleri, zemin, panel, ayakkab, kauçuk ve dier ürünlerin üretiminde yaygn olarak kullanlmaktadr. Kaplamalarda ve yalama ya katklarnda da kullanlabilir.

Depolama srasnda antisum, nem geçirmez ve ar snmann önlenmesi gerekir.

sim ve Kimyasal formül: CnH2n + 2-yCly (% Cl = 50-52)

ISO 9001: 2000 ISO 14001

Klorlu Parafin (Chlorinated Paraffin, CP, CHLORINATED PARAFFIN) ler (CP’ler), poliklorlu n-alkanlarn kompleks karmlardr. CP’lerin klorlama derecesi arlkça% 30 ile% 70 arasnda deiebilir. CP’ler, karbon zinciri uzunluklarna göre ksa zincirli CP’lere (SCCP’ler, C10-13), orta zincirli CP’lere (MCCP’ler, C14-17) ve uzun zincirli CP’lere (LCCP’ler, C> 17) bölünür. Zincir uzunluuna ve klor içeriine bal olarak, CP’ler renksiz veya sarms svlar veya katlardr.

Klorlu Parafin (Chlorinated Paraffin, CP, CHLORINATED PARAFFIN) ‘ler, klor gaznn dallanmam parafin fraksiyonlar (% 2 izoparafinler, 100 ppm aromatikler) ile 80-100 ° C scaklkta reaksiyona sokulmasyla sentezlenir. Radikal ikame, UV ile tevik edilebilir.

CxH (2x + 2) + y Cl2 → CxH (2x – y + 2) Cly + y HCl

stenen klorlama derecesine ulaldnda, hidroklorik asit ve klor kalntlar nitrojen ile üflenir. Epoksitlenmi bitkisel ya, glisidil eter veya organofosfor bileikler, yüksek scaklklarda gelitirilmi stabilite için nihai ürüne eklenebilir.

Ticari ürünler, bilinmeyen veya deiken bileime sahip maddeler olarak snflandrlmtr. CP’ler, standart analitik yöntemlerle tamamen ayrlmayan binlerce homolog ve izomer içeren karmak klorlu n-alkan karmlardr.

CP’ler Avrupa, Kuzey Amerika, Avustralya, Brezilya, Güney Afrika ve Asya’da üretilmektedir. Dünya üretim kapasitesinin büyük bir ksmnn bulunduu Çin’de 2007 ylnda 600.000 ton Klorlu Parafin (Chlorinated Paraffin, CP, CHLORINATED PARAFFIN) üretilmitir.

Ürün Ad: Klorlu Parafin (Chlorinated Paraffin, CP, CHLORINATED PARAFFIN) CPW 50/52

Kullanm tavsiyesi: Plastikletiriciler ve alev geciktirici katk maddesi ve Solvent

CAS No: 85535-84-8

Kimyasal formül: CnH2n + 2-yCly (% Cl = 50-52)

çindekiler:% 50-52 Klor, Sv CPW

Klor Parafin (CPW)

Klor parafin, PVC proseslerinde ikincil plastikletirici olarak kullanlr. Plastifiyan özellii gösterir.

Ekonomik olduu için birincil plastikletiricilere göre tasarruf salar.

Klorlu Parafin (Chlorinated Paraffin, CP, CHLORINATED PARAFFIN) larn karakteristik hafif ve naho kokusu yoktur. Koku, büyük olaslkla, küçük ancak ölçülebilir buhar basncna sahip, görece düük moleküler kütlelerin küçük miktarlarndan kaynaklanmaktadr. Parafinin karbon zinciri uzunluu ve klor içerii, Klorlu Parafinin (CHLORNE PARAFN, CP, Klorlu Parafin) kimyasal ve fiziksel özelliklerini belirler. Karbon zinciri uzunluunda ve belirli parafinlerin klorlama derecelerinde art viskoziteyi ve younluu artrrken uçuculuu azaltr. Klorlu Parafin (Chlorinated Paraffin, CP, CHLORINATED PARAFFIN) normalde bozunmay önlemek için eklenen stabilizatörleri içerir. Yaygn stabilizatörler arasnda epoksitlenmi esterler ve soya fasulyesi yalar, pentaeritritol, timol, üre, asetonitriller ve organik fosfatlar gibi epoksitli bileikler bulunur.

Klor Parafin Hangi Alanlarda Kullanlr

Klor parafinin kullanlabilecei alanlar aadaki gibidir:

Vinil ve akrilik boyalarda kullanlr.

PVC formülasyonlarda yanmaz plastikletirici olarak,

Yalayclarda yüksek basnç katks olarak kablo kasalarnda yanmay geciktirici katk maddesi olarak kullanlr.

Metal ilemede çalma svs olarak kullanlr.

Klorlu Parafin (Chlorinated Paraffin, CP, CHLORINATED PARAFFIN), Genel artname:

Klorlu Parafin (Chlorinated Paraffin, CP, CHLORINATED PARAFFIN), normalde toplu ilemde n-parafin veya parafin mumunun klorlanmasyla üretilir. Reaksiyon ekzotermiktir ve yan ürün hidroklorik asidin oluumuna yol açar. Kalan asit kalntlarn giderdikten sonra, bitmi ynlar üretmek için bir stabilizatör eklenir.

Klorlu Parafin (Chlorinated Paraffin, CP, CHLORINATED PARAFFIN), Uygulamalar:

Klorlu Parafin (Chlorinated Paraffin, CP, CHLORINATED PARAFFIN), vinil polimerlerin, yardmc polimerlerin ve klorlu neopren Klorlu Parafin, Klorlu Parafin (Chlorinated Paraffin, CP, CHLORINATED PARAFFIN) yalama yalarnda ve merdanelerdeki yalar gibi endüstriyel yalarda bir katk maddesidir, CP refrakter malzemelerin çekilmesinde, PVC film üretiminde, Klorlu Parafin (Chlorinated Paraffin, CP, CHLORINATED PARAFFIN) suni deri üretiminde de kullanlr, kauçuk endüstrisi, kablo klflar, esnek PVC boru üretimi ve deniz boyalar üretimi.

Klorlu Parafin (Chlorinated Paraffin, CP, CHLORINATED PARAFFIN), PVC’de büyük ölçüde kullanlan bir plastikletiricidir. Klorlu Parafin (Chlorinated Paraffin, CP, CHLORINATED PARAFFIN) yanmay geciktirici kimyasal katk olarak dili ya gibi endüstriyel yalayclarda katk maddesi olarak kullanlr.

Klorlu Parafin (Chlorinated Paraffin, CP, CHLORINATED PARAFFIN), boya szdrmazlk ve yaptrclarda plastikletirici olarak kullanlr. Dier alternatiflere göre temel avantaj hareketsizliktir ve alev geciktirici özellikleri gelitirir. Yüksek klor içeriine sahip Cpw, çok çeitli kauçuk ve polimer sistemlerinde alev geciktirici olarak kullanlr.

Klorlu Parafin (Chlorinated Paraffin, CP, CHLORINATED PARAFFIN), çok çeitli ileme ve mühendislik ilemlerinde kullanlan yalayclar için en etkili ar basnç katk maddelerinden biri olduu için metal ileme yalarnn formülasyonunda da kullanlr.

Klorlu Parafin (Chlorinated Paraffin, CP, CHLORINATED PARAFFIN), Ambalaj:

Klorlu Parafinimiz (Chlorinated Paraffin, CP, CHLORINATED PARAFFIN) 220 kg’lk plastik bidonlarda paketlenir, shrink ve paletlenir. Klorlu Parafin (Chlorinated Paraffin, CP, CHLORINATED PARAFFIN) özel ambalajlarda da sunabiliriz.

Klorlu Parafin (Chlorinated Paraffin, CP, CHLORINATED PARAFFIN), ihracat yerleri:

Klorlu Parafin (Chlorinated Paraffin, CP, CHLORINATED PARAFFIN), çounlukla en kaliteli PVC, Deri, Kablo yapm, Deniz Boyalar üreten müteriler tarafndan sunulmaktadr. Bu nedenle Afrika, Avrupa, Güney Amerika, Dou Asya ülkelerine Klorlu Parafin (Chlorinated Paraffin, CP, CHLORINATED PARAFFIN) ihraç etmekteyiz.

Klorlu Parafinimiz (Chlorinated Paraffin, CP, CHLORINATED PARAFFIN) en iyi ran Klorlu Parafin (Chlorinated Paraffin, CP, CHLORINATED PARAFFIN) hammaddeleri ASTM standardna uygun olarak ran Kimyasal Madeni yetkisi altnda yukarda belirtilen destinasyonlara üretiyor, paketliyor ve ihraç ediyor. .

Klorlu Parafin (Chlorinated Paraffin, CP, Chlorine Paraffin) için güncellenmi fiyat almak ve daha fazla ayrnt hakknda daha fazla bilgi edinmek için lütfen iletiim hatlarmz / e-posta yoluyla bizimle iletiime geçin.

Klorlu Parafin (Chlorinated Paraffin, CP, CHLORINATED PARAFFIN), teknik artname

CP snf cp 50

Klor içerii% 50-52

Görünüm soluk sar sv

Hazen ünitesi 120’de renk

Spesifik gr. 30 c 1. 26-1. 28

Poise 13-18’de 25 c’de viskozite

1 saat boyunca 180 c’de termal stabilite soluk sardan açk sarya

Klorlu Parafin (Chlorinated Paraffin, CP, CHLORINATED PARAFFIN) ler (CP’ler), poliklorlu n-alkanlarn kompleks karmlardr. CP’lerin klorlama derecesi arlkça% 30 ile% 70 arasnda deiebilir. CP’ler, karbon zinciri uzunluklarna göre ksa zincirli CP’ler (SCCP’ler, C10-13), orta zincirli CP’ler (MCCP’ler, C14-17) ve uzun zincirli CP’ler (LCCP’ler, C> 17) olarak alt gruplara ayrlr. Zincir uzunluuna ve klor içeriine bal olarak, CP’ler renksiz veya sarms svlar veya katlardr.

Klorlu Parafin Üretimi (Chlorinated Paraffin, CP, CHLORINATED PARAFFIN)

Klorlu Parafin (Chlorinated Paraffin, CP, CHLORINATED PARAFFIN), klor gaznn dallanmam parafin fraksiyonlar (<% 2 izoparafinler, <100 ppm aromatikler) ile 80-100 ° C scaklkta reaksiyona sokulmasyla sentezlenir. [2] Radikal ikame UV ile tevik edilebilir. [3] [1]

CxH (2x + 2) + y Cl2 → CxH (2x – y + 2) Cly + y HCl

Ticari ürünler, bilinmeyen veya deiken bileime sahip maddeler olarak snflandrlmtr. CP’ler, standart analitik yöntemlerle tamamen ayrlmayan binlerce homolog ve izomer [6] içeren klorlu n-alkanlarn karmak karmlardr. [7]

CP’ler Avrupa, Kuzey Amerika, Avustralya, Brezilya, Güney Afrika ve Asya’da üretilmektedir. [8] Dünya üretim kapasitesinin büyük ksmnn bulunduu Çin’de 2007 ylnda 600.000 ton Klorlu Parafin (Chlorinated Paraffin, CP, CHLORINATED PARAFFIN) üretilmitir. [9] CP’lerin üretim ve kullanm hacimleri 2013 ylnda 1.000.000 tonu at. [10]

Endüstriyel uygulamalar Klorlu Parafin (Chlorinated Paraffin, CP, CHLORINATED PARAFFIN)

Endüstriyel kullanm için CP’lerin üretimi 1930’larda balad. [11] u anda, metal ileme svlarnda, szdrmazlk maddelerinde, boyalarda, yaptrclarda, tekstil ürünlerinde, deri yalarnda ve kaplamalarda katk maddesi olarak alev geciktiriciler ve plastikletiriciler gibi çok çeitli endüstriyel uygulamalar için 200’den fazla CP formülasyonu kullanlmaktadr. [12] [1 ]

Emniyet

Ksa zincirli CP’ler kalc olarak snflandrlr ve fiziksel özellikleri (oktanol-su bölme katsays (logKOW) 4,4-8, klorlama derecesine bal olarak) biyoakümülasyon için yüksek bir potansiyele iaret eder. Ayrca, SCCP’ler suda yaayan organizmalar için toksik ve sçanlar ve fareler için kanserojen olarak snflandrlr. Bu nedenle SCCP’lerin PBT ve vPvB özelliklerine sahip olduu sonucuna varlm ve REACH Tüzüü kapsamnda zin için çok yüksek önem arz eden maddeler Aday Listesine eklenmitir. [13] SCCP’ler (ortalama zincir uzunluu C12, klorlama derecesi arlkça% 60), Uluslararas Kanser Aratrma Ajans’ndan (IARC) grup 2B’de insanlar için muhtemelen kanserojen olarak kategorize edildi. [14] 2017’de, Aralk 2018’den itibaren geçerli olmak üzere Kalc Organik Kirleticiler Hakkndaki Stockholm Sözlemesi kapsamnda SCCP’lerin küresel olarak yasaklanmasna karar verildi. Bununla birlikte, MCCP’ler de su ortam için toksiktir ve kalcdr; Toprak, biyota ve sediman çekirdeklerinin çoundaki MCCP’ler, son yllardan on yllara kadar artan zaman trendleri göstermektedir; Yerel kaynaklara yakn tortudaki MCCP konsantrasyonlar, PNEC gibi toksisite eiklerini aar.

Klorlu Parafin (Chlorinated Paraffin, CP, CHLORINATED PARAFFIN) (CP) – çeitli endüstrilerde çoklu uygulamalarda kullanlan poliklorlu n-alkanlarn karmak bir kimyasal maddesidir.

Klorlu Parafinin (Chlorinated Paraffin, CP, Chlorine Paraffin) (CP) klorlama derecesi arlkça% 30 ile% 70 arasnda deiebilir. CP’ler, karbon zinciri uzunluklarna göre u alt bölümlere ayrlr:

Ksa zincirli C10-C13

Orta zincirli C14-C17

Uzun zincirli C> 17

Zincir uzunluuna ve klor içeriine bal olarak Klorlu Parafin (Chlorinated Paraffin, CP, CHLORINATED PARAFFIN) (CP) renksiz veya sarms svlar veya katlardr.

Üretim

Klorlu Parafin (Chlorinated Paraffin, CP, CHLORINATED PARAFFIN), 1930’lardan beri 80-100 ° C’lik bir scaklkta klor gaznn dallanmam parafin fraksiyonlar ile reaksiyona sokulmasyla endüstriyel için sentezlenir.

KULLANIMI

Klorlu Parafin (Chlorinated Paraffin, CP, CHLORINATED PARAFFIN) (CP) için ana uygulama alev geciktiricidir. Yüksek scaklklara maruz kaldnda, Klorlu Parafin (Chlorinated Paraffin, CP, CHLORINATED PARAFFIN) (CP) önemli miktarda HCI salglar. HCI, younlatrlm faznda, kömür oluumuna katkda bulunur. Buhar faznda alev zehiri olarak ilev görebilir.

u anda, Klorlu Parafin (Chlorinated Paraffin, CP, CHLORINATED PARAFFIN) (CP) gibi 200’den fazla formülasyon, aadakiler gibi çok çeitli endüstriyel uygulamalar için kullanlmaktadr:

plastikletirici: CP baz döeme türlerinde, tel ve kablo yaltmnda ve bahçe hortumunda kullanlr.

boyalar – szdrmazlk maddeleri – kaplamalar: Trafik iaretlerinde, endüstriyel zemin kaplamalar, gemiler, yüzme havuzlar vb. için kaplamalar gibi boya ve denizcilik uygulamalarnda, metal ileme svlarnda yaptrclar, kalafatlama, plastik, soutucu veya yalayc, katk maddeleri, tekstil, deri ya, kaplama , döemelik mobilya, döeme.

Klorlu Parafin (Chlorinated Paraffin, CP, CHLORINATED PARAFFIN) kullanmann faydalar

Genel Klorlu Parafin (Chlorinated Paraffin, CP, CHLORINATED PARAFFIN) unlar sunar:

Çok çeitli uygulamalar için alev geciktirici düük maliyetli çözüm.

Geleneksel plastikletiricilerden daha düük scaklklarda daha fazla esneklik.

Hem suya hem de kimyasallara kar gelitirilmi direnç.

Gelitirilmi leke direnci.

Daldrma ve rotasyonel kalplama srasnda PVC plastisol stabilitesi için viskozite düzenlemesi.

Metal parçalarn temizlii srasnda metal yüzey için yalayc. Temizleme ilemi, gres ve ya gibi kirleticileri ortadan kaldrr, ayrca etkili bir formülasyon için gerekli olan plastikletiricileri de çkarabilir.

Klorlu Parafinin (Chlorinated Paraffin, CP, CHLORINATED PARAFFIN) (CP) dünya çapnda depolama, nakliye, ihracat ve ithalat formalitelerinin ilenmesi.

Klorlu Parafin (Chlorinated Paraffin, CP, CHLORINATED PARAFFIN), çeitli uygulamalar için kullanlan bir kimyasallar snfdr. Klor zincirlerinin uzunluuna göre snflandrlabilirler ve ticari formülasyonlar bu snftaki bileiklerin bir karmn içerebilir. CAS 106232-86-4, 24 klor atomlu Uzun Zincirli Klorlu Parafin (Chlorinated Paraffin, CP, CHLORINATED PARAFFIN) (LCCP) olarak kabul edilir. Uzun form, ksa boylu çeitlere göre çevreye daha az duyarldr.

Klorlu Parafin (Chlorinated Paraffin, CP, CHLORINATED PARAFFIN) büyük ölçüde inerttir, suda neredeyse çözünmez ve alev geciktiricidir. Metal yalayclar ve kesme svlar, plastikler, kauçuk, boya, yaptrclar ve daha fazlas için plastikletirici katk maddesi olarak ilev görebilir. Dünyadaki Klorlu Parafinin (Chlorinated Paraffin, CP, CHLORINATED PARAFFIN) büyük bir ksm Çin’de üretilmektedir.

Klorlu Parafin (Chlorinated Paraffin, CP, CHLORINATED PARAFFIN) Sprague-Dawley sçanlarnda deri yoluyla yavaça emilir. ki (14) C-etiketli Klorlu Parafin (Chlorinated Paraffin, CP, CHLORINATED PARAFFIN) s, C18;% 50-53 Cl (CP-LH) ve C28;% 47 Cl (CP-LL), sçan derisine uyguland ( Her cinsiyetten 5-7 hayvan) 66 mg / cm2’lik bir konsantrasyonda, yaklak olarak 2000 mg / kg vücut arlna edeer. C18 dozunun yalnzca% 0.7’si (erkekler) ve% 0.6’s (kadnlar) 96 saat sonra absorbe edildi. Erkeklerde C28 dozunun sadece% 0,02’si absorbe edilirken kadnlarda bu seviye tespit edilemez. Bu, artan zincir uzunluunun geçirgenliin azalmasna yol açtn gösterir. Emilen C18 dozunun% 40′ (14) C-etiketli CO2 olarak ekshale edildi ve% 20’si idrarla ve% 20’si dk ile atld. / Uzun zincir uzunluu Klorlu Parafin (Chlorinated Paraffin, CP, CHLORINATED PARAFFIN) s /

ki Klorlu Parafinin (Chlorinated Paraffin, CP, CHLORINATED PARAFFIN) insan derisi yoluyla absorpsiyonu in vitro olarak incelenmitir. Be farkl reseptör ortam kullanlarak epidermal membranlarn yüzeyine 54 saatlik bir uygulamann ardndan Cereclor S52’nin (C14-19;% 52 Cl, CP-MH) absorpsiyonu yoktu. Benzer ekilde, Cereclor 56L (C10-13; tipik bir kesme yanda% 18.5 w / w solüsyonu) kullanlarak 7 saat boyunca hiçbir absorpsiyon saptanmad, ancak 23 saat sonra yava ama sabit bir absorpsiyon oran oldu deney süresince (56 saat) muhafaza edilen tespit (örn., saatte 0.05 +/- 0.01 ug / sq cm +/- SEM; n = 6; tuzlu su içinde reseptör ortam PEG-20 oleil eter). Beklenen düük emilim oran nedeniyle, Klorlu Parafin (Chlorinated Paraffin, CP, CHLORINATED PARAFFIN) numunelerine Cereclor S52 ve 56L için [(14) C] n-pentadekan ve [(14) C] n-undekan eklenmitir, srasyla emilen malzemenin tespitini kolaylatrmak için. (14) C-alkanlarn ölçümü, emilim oranlarnn benzer olduu varsaymyla Klorlu Parafin (Chlorinated Paraffin, CP, Chlorine Paraffin) lerin yerine geçmitir.

Dii C57Bl farelerine 12.5 MBq / kg vücut arl (340 uCi) (otoradyografi için) veya 1.25 MBq / kg vücut arl (34 uCi) (radyoaktivitenin belirlenmesi için) (14) C etiketli klorodekanlar (C12) farkl klor ile uyguland. içerikler (% 17.5 [CP-SL],% 55.9 [CP-SH] ve% 68.5 [CP-SH]) gavaj veya intravenöz enjeksiyon yoluyla. Otoradyografi ile radyoaktivite almnn, barsak mukozas, kemik ilii, tükürük bezleri, timus ve karacier gibi yüksek hücre döngüsü / yüksek metabolik aktiviteye sahip dokularda en yüksek olduu bulunmutur. En yüksek radyoaktivite, en düük klor içeriine sahip Klorlu Parafin (Chlorinated Paraffin, CP, CHLORINATED PARAFFIN) ile elde edildi. Karacierde ve yada metabolize olmamasna iaret eden heptan çözünebilir radyoaktivitenin uzun süre tutulmasnn klorlama derecesi ile birlikte karacierde ve yada tutulduu görülmütür. Bu çalmada ayrca, C12 enjeksiyonundan 30 ila 60 gün sonra;% 17.5 Cl ve C12;% 55.9 Cl, merkezi sinir sisteminde önemli bir radyoaktivite tutulumu görüldüü bulunmutur. Gebelik farelerinin geç gebelie maruz kalmas, radyoaktivitenin transplasental geçiini gösterdi ve (14) C-etiketlemesi, öncelikle fetüslerin karacierinde, kahverengi yanda ve barsanda kaydedildi. / ksa zincir uzunluu Klorlu Parafin (Chlorinated Paraffin, CP, CHLORINATED PARAFFIN) /

(14) C-aretli [1- (14) C] polikloroheksadekan (C16;% 34.1 Cl, CP-ML) C57Bl farelerine 370 kBq radyoaktivite seviyesinde gavajla (diiler) veya intravenöz yolla (her iki cinsiyet) verildi. / hayvan (10 uCi) (0.44 umol Klorlu Parafine karlk gelir (Chlorinated Paraffin, CP, CHLORINATED PARAFFIN)). Azdan ve damardan uygulama yollar arasnda dalm modellerinde hiçbir fark bulunmad. Otoradyografi ile analizden sonra, yüksek hücre devir hz ve / veya yüksek metabolik aktiviteye sahip dokularda yüksek seviyede radyoaktivite bulundu ve beyaz ya depolarnda daha düük seviyeler görülebildi. ntravenöz enjeksiyondan 24 saat sonra karacier, böbrekler, dalak, kemik ilii, kahverengi ya, barsak mukozas, pankreas, tükürük bezi ve Harderian bezinde yüksek seviyelerde radyoaktivite gözlenmitir. 12 gün sonra adrenal kortekste, abdominal yada ve safrada yüksek seviyelerde radyoaktivite görüldü. Enjeksiyondan sonra (30 gün), beynin karacierde olduu kadar yüksek olan belirgin radyo-etiketlemesi bulundu. Klorlu Parafin (Chlorinated Paraffin, CP, CHLORINATED PARAFFIN) ayrca hamile farelere intravenöz olarak uyguland ve fetüslerde radyoaktivite alm gözlemlendi. Farelere gebeliin 10. gününde uygulandnda dokuya özgü bir lokalizasyon bulunmad, ancak gebeliin sonlarnda (17. gün) uygulamadan sonra 6 saat sonra dalm modeli, uygulamadan 24 saat sonra incelendiinde yetikin farelerinkine benzerdi. / Ara zincir uzunluu Klorlu Parafin (Chlorinated Paraffin, CP, CHLORINATED PARAFFIN) /

/ Sitokrom P-450 (CYP) indükleyicileri ve inhibitörlerinin,% 68,5 (CP-SH),% 55,9 (CP-SH) içeren (14) C-etiketli poliklorlu dodekanlarn (C12) parçalanma orann etkiledii / gösterildi / gösterildi ve maruz kalan C57Bl farelerinde% 17.4 Cl (CP-SL) ila (14) C02. nhibitör piperonil butoksit ile ön muamele, oluan (14) CO2 miktarn azaltt ve azalma artan klorlama derecesi ile daha belirgindi. nhibitör metirapon, (14) CO2 ekshalasyonunu azaltt, ancak sadece C12;% 68.5 Cl’ye maruz kalan farelerde aratrld. Sitokrom P-450 (CYP2B1; CYP2B2) indükleyicisi, fenobarbital,% 68 Cl ile Klorlu Parafinden (CHLORNE PARAFFIN, CP, Klorlu Parafin) (14) CO2 oluum orann orta derecede artrrken, P-448 (CYP1A1; CYP1A2) ) indükleyici, 3-metilkolantren, (14) CO2 veren klorlu dodekanlarn sitokrom P-450’ye bal bir metabolizmasna iaret ederek bozunma orann etkilememitir. / Ksa zincir uzunluu Klorlu Parafin (Chlorinated Paraffin, CP, CHLORINATED PARAFFIN) /

KMYASAL PROFL: Klorlu parafinler: Balca kullanmlar: Metal ileme svlar ve yalayclar, yüzde 50; plastik katk maddeleri, yüzde 20; kauçuk yüzde 12; kaplamalar, yüzde 9; dolgular, szdrmazlk malzemeleri ve yaptrclar, yüzde 6; çeitli, yüzde 3. Orta Zincirli Klorlu Parafin (Chlorinated Paraffin, CP, CHLORINATED PARAFFIN), Kuzey Amerika’daki en büyük üretim ve kullanm kategorisini (yüzde 46) temsil ediyor. Uzun Zincirli Klorlu Parafin (Chlorinated Paraffin, CP, CHLORINATED PARAFFIN) ikinci (yüzde 33), geri kalann ise Short-Chain Chlorinated Parafin (Chlorinated Paraffin, CP, CHLORINATED PARAFFIN) oluturmaktadr (yüzde 21).

“Klorlu Parafin (Chlorinated Paraffin, CP, CHLORINATED PARAFFIN)”, düz zincirli parafinlerin veya mum fraksiyonlarnn klorlanmas olarak hazrlanan endüstriyel ürünlere verilen toplu isimdir. Ticari ürünlerin karbon uzunluu genellikle C10 – C30 arasnda ve klor içerii arlkça% 20-70 arasndadr. … Karbon zincirlerinin uzunluklar ve her bir karbon zincirinde bulunan klor atomlarnn says ve göreceli pozisyonlar bakmndan farkllk gösteren birçok moleküler türün karmak karmlardr.

Deerlendirme: Deney hayvanlarnda ortalama karbon zinciri uzunluu C12 ve ortalama %60 klorlama derecesine sahip ticari bir Klorlu Parafin (Chlorinated Paraffin, CP, CHLORINATED PARAFFIN) ürününün karsinojenisitesi için yeterli kant vardr. Deney hayvanlarnda ortalama karbon zinciri uzunluu C23 ve ortalama klorlama derecesi %43 olan ticari bir Klorlu Parafin (Chlorinated Paraffin, CP, CHLORINATED PARAFFIN) ürününün kanserojenliine dair snrl kant vardr. Klorlu Parafinin (Chlorinated Paraffin, CP, CHLORINATED PARAFFIN) s kanserojenlii ile ilgili insanlarda yaplan çalmalardan hiçbir veri elde edilmemitir. Genel deerlendirme: Klorlu Parafin (Chlorinated Paraffin, CP, CHLORINATED PARAFFIN) ortalama karbon zinciri uzunluu C12 ve ortalama klorlama derecesi yaklak% 60 insanlar için muhtemelen kanserojendir (Grup 2B).

/ LABORATUVAR HAYVANLARI: Akut Maruz Kalma / Üç farkl Klorlu Parafin (KLORNE PARAFFN, CP, Klorlu Parafin), C10-13;% 65 Cl (CP-SH), göz tahri potansiyeli, iki farkl katk maddeleri veya bir epoksi stabilizatörün% 0,7’si iki çalmada test edilmitir. Ya 0.1 mL ya da “bir damla” kloroparafin, üç tavandan oluan gruplardan oluan bir konjunktival keseye damlatld. Üç formülasyonun tümü için benzer sonuçlar bildirilmitir: pratikte hiç balangç ars (6 puanlk bir ölçekte 2) kaydedilmemitir. Biraz akntyla birlikte konjunktivann kzarkl ve kemozu (sadece epoksi stabilizatörü içeren formülasyonda belirtilmitir) ile gösterilen hafif tahri (8 puanlk ölçekte 3) 24 saat sürmütür. Belirtilmemi katk maddeleri veya% 1 epoksi stabilizatör içeren bir damla% 52 veya% 40 Klorlu Parafin (Chlorinated Paraffin, CP, CHLORINATED PARAFFIN) de test edildi. % 52 Klorlu Parafin (KLORNE PARAFFN, CP, Klorlu Parafin) ile hafif ani tahriin ardndan 24 saat süren konjunktivada hafif kzarklk izledi. % 40 Klorlu Parafin (KLORNE PARAFFN, CP, Klorlu Parafin) ile, 1 saatte hafif tkanklk kaydedildi, ancak 24 saatte hiçbir etki görülmedi. / Ksa zincir uzunluu Klorlu Parafin (Chlorinated Paraffin, CP, CHLORINATED PARAFFIN) /

Klorlu Parafin (Chlorinated Paraffin, CP, CHLORINATED PARAFFIN) ‘lerin (C23,% 43 klor) toksikoloji ve karsinojenez çalmalar … 50 F344 / N sçan ve 50 B6C3F1 fareden oluan gruplara msr yanda gavaj yoluyla kimyasal uygulanarak gerçekletirildi. her cinsiyetten, 103 hafta boyunca haftada 5 gün. Cinsiyet ve doz bana 10 farelik ek gruplar 6. ayda ve 12. ayda incelenmitir. Erkek sçanlar 0, 1,875 veya 3,750 mg / kg vücut arl dozlar ald; dii sçanlara 0, 100, 300 veya 900 mg / kg verildi. Erkek ve dii fareler 0, 2,500 veya 5,000 mg / kg ald. 2 yllk çalmalar için seçilen dozlar, her cinsten sçanlarn 0 ila 3.750 mg / kg ve her cinsten farelerin 0 ila 7.500 mg / kg ald 13 haftalk çalmalardan elde edilen sonuçlara dayanmaktadr. Bu 2 yllk gavaj çalmalarnn koullar altnda, Klorlu Parafinin (Chlorinated Paraffin, CP, CHLORINATED PARAFFIN) lerin (C23,% 43 klor), bana 1.875 veya 3.750 mg / kg verilen erkek F344 / N sçanlarnda kanserojen olduuna dair hiçbir kant yoktu. gün. Dii F344 / N sçanlarnda Klorlu Parafin (Chlorinated Paraffin, CP, CHLORINATED PARAFFIN) lerin (C23,% 43 klor) karsinojenisitesinin adrenal bez medüller feokromositoma insidansnn artmasyla gösterildii gibi, karsinojenisitesine dair üpheli kant vard. Erkek B6C3F1 fareleri için Klorlu Parafin (CHLORNE PARAFFIN, CP, Klorlu Parafin) lerin (C23,% 43 klor) kanserojenliine dair net kantlar vard, bu da kötü huylu lenfoma insidansndaki bir artla gösterilmitir. Hepatosellüler neoplazmlarn insidansndaki marjinal bir artla gösterildii gibi, dii B6C3F1 fareleri için Klorlu Parafin (Chlorinated Paraffin, CP, CHLORINATED PARAFFIN) lerin (C23,% 43 klor) kanserojenliine dair üpheli kantlar vard.

Klorlu Parafin (Chlorinated Paraffin, CP, CHLORINATED PARAFFIN) ‘in C10-C13 (% 50-70 klorlu) için ar basnç yalayclar, alev geciktirici katk maddeleri ve szdrmazlk maddeleri olarak üretimi ve kullanm, C14-C17 için ikincil PVC plastikletiriciler (% 45-60) klorlu) ve boyalar, ar basnç yalayclar ve C20-C30 (% 40-70 klorlu) için alev geciktirici katk maddeleri, çeitli atk aklar yoluyla çevreye salnmalarna neden olabilir. Havaya braklrsa, 2X10-5 mm Hg düzeyinde bir buhar basnc, Klorlu Parafin (Chlorinated Paraffin, CP, CHLORINATED PARAFFIN) lerin hem buhar hem de partikül fazlarnda var olacan gösterir. Buhar fazl Klorlu Parafin (KLORNE PARAFFN, CP, Klorlu Parafin), fotokimyasal olarak üretilen hidroksil radikalleri ile reaksiyona girerek atmosferde bozunacaktr. Partikül fazl Klorlu Parafin (Chlorinated Paraffin, CP, CHLORINATED PARAFFIN) slak veya kuru biriktirme ile atmosferden uzaklatrlacaktr. Güne , Klorlu Parafinin (Chlorinated Paraffin, CP, CHLORINATED PARAFFIN) hidrojen klorürün evrimi ile ayrmasn katalize ediyor gibi görünüyor. Topraa salnrsa, Klorlu Parafinin (Chlorinated Paraffin, CP, CHLORINATED PARAFFIN) 5900 ila 2.2X10 + 8 tahmini Koc deerlerine göre hareketlilie sahip olmamas beklenir. Nemli toprak yüzeylerinden buharlamann, 2X10-5 mm Hg’lik düük buhar basncna ve ar derecede düük suda çözünürlüe dayanan önemli bir kader süreci olmas beklenmemektedir. Snrl biyolojik bozunma çalmalarna dayanarak, Klorlu Parafin (Chlorinated Paraffin, CP, CHLORINATED PARAFFIN) toprakta ve suda biyolojik olarak parçalanabilir. Suya salnrsa, Klorlu Parafin (Chlorinated Paraffin, CP, CHLORINATED PARAFFIN) larn tahmini Koc deerlerine göre askda katlara ve tortulara adsorbe olmas beklenir. Su yüzeylerinden buharlamann, buhar basncna ve suda çözünürlüüne dayal önemli bir kader süreci olmas beklenmemektedir. Tatl su balklarnda 1,69’luk bir log BCF ve 7800’lük BCF deerleri, suda yaayan organizmalardaki biyokonsantrasyonun orta ila çok yüksek olduunu göstermektedir. Klorlu Parafin (Chlorinated Paraffin, CP, CHLORINATED PARAFFIN) larn, çevresel koullar altnda hidrolize olan fonksiyonel gruplarn eksikliinden dolay, ortamda hidrolize uramas beklenmemektedir. Klorlu Parafine (Chlorinated Paraffin, CP, CHLORINATED PARAFFIN) mesleki maruziyet, Klorlu Parafinin (Chlorinated Paraffin, CP, CHLORINATED PARAFFIN) üretildii veya kullanld iyerlerinde bu bileik ile dermal temas yoluyla meydana gelebilir. Kullanm ve izleme verileri, genel popülasyonun, yiyeceklerin yutulmas ve Klorlu Parafin (Chlorinated Paraffin, CP, CHLORINATED PARAFFIN) içeren ürünlerle dermal temas yoluyla Klorlu Parafine (Chlorinated Paraffin, CP, CHLORINATED PARAFFIN) maruz kalabileceini göstermektedir. (SRC)

KARASAL FATE: Bir snflandrma emasna (1) dayanarak, 4.4 ila 12.8 (2) arasndaki log Kows ve regresyondan türetilmi bir denklemden (3) belirlenen 5900 ila 2.2X10 + 8 (SRC) tahmini Koc deerleri, Klorlu Parafinin (Chlorinated Paraffin, CP, CHLORINATED PARAFFIN) larn toprakta (SRC) hareketsiz olmas beklenir. Klorlu Parafinin (Chlorinated Paraffin, CP, CHLORINATED PARAFFIN) nemli toprak yüzeylerinden buharlamasnn, 2X10-5 mm Hg’lik düük buhar basncna ve son derece düük suda çözünürlüüne dayanan önemli bir kader süreci (SRC) olmas beklenmemektedir (4) . Klorlu Parafin (Chlorinated Paraffin, CP, CHLORINATED PARAFFIN) larn buhar basncna (4) bal olarak kuru toprak yüzeylerinden (SRC) buharlamas beklenmemektedir. Snrl biyolojik bozunma çalmalarna göre Klorlu Parafin (Chlorinated Paraffin, CP, CHLORINATED PARAFFIN) toprakta biyolojik olarak parçalanabilir (5-6).

NIOSH (NOES Anketi 1981-1983), istatistiksel olarak 573.193 içinin (bunlarn 38.354’ü kadndr) potansiyel olarak ABD’de Klorlu Parafine (CHLORNE PARAFFIN, CP, Klorlu Parafin) maruz kaldn tahmin etmitir (1). Klorlu Parafine (Chlorinated Paraffin, CP, CHLORINATED PARAFFIN) mesleki maruziyet, Klorlu Parafinin (Chlorinated Paraffin, CP, CHLORINATED PARAFFIN) üretildii veya kullanld iyerlerinde bu bileik ile dermal temas yoluyla meydana gelebilir. Kullanm verileri, genel popülasyonun yiyeceklerin yutulmas yoluyla Klorlu Parafine (Chlorinated Paraffin, CP, CHLORINATED PARAFFIN) maruz kalabileceini ve Klorlu Parafin (Chlorinated Paraffin, CP, Chlorine Paraffin) (SRC) içeren ürünlerle dermal temas olabileceini göstermektedir.

Klorlu Parafinin (Chlorinated Paraffin, CP, CHLORINATED PARAFFIN) Kullanm Alanlar:

Klorlu Parafin (Chlorinated Paraffin, CP, CHLORINATED PARAFFIN), polivinil klorür (PVC) için ikincil plastikletiriciler olarak kullanlr ve ftalatlar ve fosfat esterler gibi birincil plastikletiricilerin yerini ksmen alabilir.

Klorlu Parafin (Chlorinated Paraffin, CP, CHLORINATED PARAFFIN) kullanm, geleneksel plastikletiricilere kyasla hem malzemenin esnekliini artrma hem de alev geciktiricilii ve düük scaklk mukavemetini artrma avantajna sahiptir. Klorlu Parafin (Chlorinated Paraffin, CP, CHLORINATED PARAFFIN) ayrca viskoz yaplar, yalarla uyumluluu ve yüksek scaklkta hidroklorik asit salma özellii nedeniyle metal ileme svlarnda ar basnç katklar olarak veya metal ileme yalar veya kesme yalar olarak kullanlr. scaklklar. Hidroklorik asit, ince fakat güçlü bir kat metal klorür yalayc filmi oluturmak için metal yüzeylerle reaksiyona girer. Deniz boyalarnda kullanldklarnda en uygun olan su ve kimyasallara kar direnci artrmak için boyalara, kaplamalara ve szdrmazlk maddelerine eklenirler; endüstriyel zemin kaplamalar, gemiler ve yüzme havuzlar (örn. Kauçuk ve klorlu kauçuk kaplamalar) ve yol iaretleme boyalar olarak.

Yüksek Klorlu Parafinin (Chlorinated Paraffin, CP, CHLORINATED PARAFFIN) alev geciktirici özellikleri onlar plastiklerde, kumalarda, boyalarda ve kaplamalarda katk maddesi olarak önemli klar. En etkili yangn geciktirici etki, yüksek derecede klorlama ile elde edilir. 1970’lerin sonunda ABD’deki Klorlu Parafinin (Chlorinated Paraffin, CP, CHLORINATED PARAFFIN) yaklak% 50’si metal ileme endüstrisinde ar basnç yalayc katk maddeleri olarak kullanld; % 25’i plastiklerde ve alev geciktirici ve su itici kuma ilemlerinde kullanld ve geri kalan boya, kauçuk, kalafat ve szdrmazlk maddelerinde kullanld Birleik Krallk’ta tüketilen Klorlu Parafinin (Chlorinated Paraffin, CP, CHLORINATED PARAFFIN) PVC’de ikincil plastikletirici olarak, boyada yaklak% 10, metal kesme yalarnda yaklak% 10 ve alev geciktiricilerde ve szdrmazlk maddelerinde yaklak% 10 kullanlr.

Tekstil ve Tabaklama Yardmclar:

Klorlu Parafin (Chlorinated Paraffin, CP, CHLORINATED PARAFFIN), tekstillerin ilenmesinde, özellikle yanmaz terbiye için katk maddesi olarak ve emdirme yoluyla doal elyaf kumalarn ve sentetik elyaflarn bulamasyla su yaltm için klorlu polietilen veya klorlu kauçuk ile kombinasyon halinde kullanlabilir. Klorlu Parafin (Chlorinated Paraffin, CP, CHLORINATED PARAFFIN), polar yaps gerei deri ve benzeri hammaddeler için yalama maddesi olarak da kullanlmaktadr.

Dierleri:

Tam uyumluluklar, düük uçuculuklar, iyi stabiliteleri ve yanmazlklar nedeniyle, çeitli Klorlu Parafin türleri (Chlorinated Paraffin, CP, Chlorine Paraffin) solvent ve emülsiyon boya ve verniklerin hazrlanmasnda plastikletirici olarak kullanlmaktadr. Boya veya verniklere Klorlu Parafin (Chlorinated Paraffin, CP, Chlorine Paraffin) eklenmesi, bunlarn sertliini, parlakln ve asitlere ve alkalilere kar direncini artrr ve nihai ürünün elastikiyetini artrr.

Paraffines Chlorée (CHLORINATED PARAFFIN, CP, Klorlu Parafin)

Les chloroalcanes, chlorures d’alkyle ou paraffines chlorées font partie de la famille des halogénoalcanes (dérivés halogénés des alcanes).

Ce sont des alcanes (paraffines), produits depuis les années 19901, dont un ou plusieurs atomes d’hydrogène ont été remplacés par des atomes de chlore ; ils sont notamment utilisés comme retardateur de flamme et additifs d’huile de coupe, apprêts pour cuir ou textiles1 en partie pour remplacer les polychlorobiphényles (PCB) interdits depuis 19801.

Certains d’entre eux sont des toxiques et cancérigènes avérés. En particulier les paraffines chlorées à chaînes courtes (SCCP ou PCCC) font partie des 87 espèces chimiques dites “substances prioritaires” qui en Europe avant 20202, doivent faire l’objet d’une réduction des rejets, des émissions et des pertes1.

Leur consommation a selon l’INERIS fortement diminué depuis la fin du xxe siècle, mais ce sont des produits souvent très stables dans l’environnement où ils peuvent s’être accumulés et/ou être bioconcentrés par certaines espèces[réf. nécessaire]. Certains sont aussi des perturbateurs endocriniens1. Ce sont des polluants notamment retrouvés dans les sédiments et le milieu marin3.

Fabrication, production

Les chloroalcanes (= paraffines chlorées) sont un mélange de n-alcanes polychlorés, issus de la réaction de chlore sur certaines fractions de paraffines issues de la distillation du pétrole4. Les chloroalcanes mis sur le marché sont surtout des molécules comprenant 10 à 30 atomes de carbones (C10 à C30), avec un taux de chlore total compris entre 40 et 70 %.

Les PCCC ne sont plus produits en France.

À partir de 2004, ils n’auraient plus dû y être utilisés, sauf comme plastifiants et/ou comme retardateurs de flamme dans des peintures et certains caoutchoucs.

Typologie

Les chimistes distinguent

les chloroalcanes à chaîne courte (C10-C13), dits “paraffines chlorées à chaîne courte” (PCCC).

les chloroalcanes à chaîne moyenne (C14-C17)

les chloroalcanes à chaîne longue (C18-C20)

…et les cires en C24. Dans les 3 premiers cas, les produit sont souvent un mélanges de molécules de différentes longueurs de chaîne carbonée et donc présentant différentes taux de chloration.

Paraffines chlorées à chaîne courte (C10-C13 – PCCC)

Ils intéressent essentiellement le commerce et l’industrie, mais sont très toxiques : la directive 98/98/CE 6 les a classé en substances dangereuses pour l’environnement, nocives et cancérogènes (de catégorie 3), puis Le règlement (CE) n°1272/2008 (CLP) les a classé en substances dangereuses prioritaires pour l’environnement (toxicité chronique et aigüe de catégorie 1) et cancérogènes de catégorie 2.

Les PCCC vendus sont rarement purs ; il s’agit le plus souvent des mélanges de molécules de différentes longueurs de chaîne carbonée, avec différents taux de chloration. Le numéro CAS le plus courant pour les désigner est le CAS:85535-84-8.

D’après Euro Chlor et l’INERIS au début des années 2000, ces produits n’étaient plus fabriqués en France et de moins en moins utilisés en Europe, mais en 2011 Ineos ChlorVinyls (autrefois ICI Chlor-Chemicals) en commercialise encore (sous le nom de Cereclor).

Depuis 2004, ils ne devraient plus être utilisés en France que comme plastifiants et comme retardateurs de flamme dans certaines peintures et caoutchoucs. Des substituts variés existent déjà pour la plupart des utilisations, souvent déjà utilisés depuis le début des années 2000, mais ces produits étant appréciés comme agents d’ignifugeant, leur élimination sera difficile selon l’INERIS4.

Paraffines chlorées à chaîne moyenne (C14-C17)

D’après Euro Chlor, la France en produit encore en 2011. Comme celles à chaîne longue, ces paraffines sont utilisés pour usiner les métaux (ex : « Cereclor E » ).

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Paraffines chlorées à chaîne longue (C18-C30)

Ces paraffines chlorées sont utilisées pour usiner les métaux.

Des paraffines chlorées C6-C30 sont utilisées comme agent de graissage des cuirs, mais ne sont plus utilisées comme retardateurs de flamme dans le cuir depuis quelques années, selon les fabricants5.

Cette section est vide, insuffisamment détaillée ou incomplète. Votre aide est la bienvenue ! Comment faire ?

On produit aussi des cires en C24.

Classification

les chloroalcanes doivent être “rapportées” par les industriels dans l’Union Européenne comme substances HPV (high production volume) 6.

Ils ont été classés dans la liste prioritaires d’évaluation du programme européen des substances existantes7 et en tant que tel on subi une première évaluation de risques8.

Les PCCC sont classées parmi les polluants organiques persistants « POPs » par le règlement (UE) No 519/2012 ;

ils ne sont pas cités par la stratégie communautaire sur les perturbateurs endocriniens 9 ;

ils ne figurent pas dans l’annexe I du règlement 649/2012 relatif à l’export et l’importation de substances dangereuses10.

Usages et tonnages

Des PCCC ont beaucoup été utilisés comme plastifiants secondaire (par exemple : Alaiflex de Rhodia, utilisé pour diminuer les taux de DEHP, plus coûteux, dans le PVC), comme fluide d’usinage de métaux, retardateur de flamme (ex : Cereclor 50LV, 60L, 63L et 65L utilisé pour ignifuger des textiles et des PCCC hautement chlorées, contenant de 63 à 71 % de leurs poids en chlore ont été ou sont utilisées comme retardateurs de flamme pour des caoutchoucs, souvent en complément de trioxyde d’antimoine ou d’hydroxyde d’aluminium, à des taux variant de 1 à 10 %11), imperméabilisation de textiles, dans des Peintures, mastics et adhésifs Interdiction et pour le traitement des cuirs4, pour l’usinage de métaux12 alors qu’en 1994 l’industrie du métal en consommait (au moins 2 800 tonnes/an13) et rejetait encore selon Euro Chlor, .

La plupart de leurs usages ont été interdits à partir de la fin des années 1995 dans les pays riches, mais leurs utilité pour l’ignifugation rend difficiles à éliminer les paraffines chlorées à chaîne courte4.

Les paraffines chlorées à chaîne courte été très utilisées autrefois : par exemple en France avec plusieurs milliers de tonnes par an au début des années 1990 et en Europe (13 000 tonnes environ en 1994, pour encore 4 000 tonnes en 1998)14.

Toxicité, écotoxicité

Les chloroalcanes C10-C13 également dits paraffines chlorées à chaîne courte ou PCCC), sont considérés comme toxiques, et pour beaucoup cancérigènes15,16,1,17,18.

Les fabricants réunis dans Euro Chlor ont eux-mêmes reconnus la toxicité des PCCC et proposé un retrait volontaire de ces produits du marché19.

Les chloroalcanes C14-C17 sont considérés comme beaucoup moins toxiques et ne sont pas sujets à restrictions.

Les chloroalcanes C18-C30 sont considérés comme non toxiques (aucune classification selon l’Union européenne).

Vers une interdiction totale?

En 1995, la commission OSPAR exige20 l’abandon par les Etats-membres avant 1999, de l’utilisation des paraffines chlorées à chaîne courte comme plastifiants dans les peintures et les revêtements, comme plastifiants dans les produits d’étanchéité, dans les fluides de travail des métaux et comme agent ignifuge (retardateurs de flamme) dans le caoutchouc, les matières plastiques et les textiles (hormis pour quelques applications concernant les barrages et les mines, où une dérogation autorisait une utilisation jusque fin 2004).

En 2002, La directive 2002/45/CE interdit la mise sur le marché de produits contenant des concentrations en chloroalcanes en C10-C13 supérieures à 1% pour l’usinage des

métaux et le graissage du cuir. En outre elle exige qu’avant le 1er janvier 2003, toutes les utilisations restantes des paraffines chlorées à chaîne courte soient réexaminées par la Commission, en coopération avec les États membres et la commission OSPAR, à la lumière de toute nouvelle donnée scientifique pertinente concernant les risques présentés par les paraffines chlorées à chaîne courte pour la santé et l’environnement21.

En 2003, en France un décret 22 transcrit la directive citée ci-dessus (directive 2002/45/CE) ; il interdit toute mise sur le marché de préparations pour l’usinage des métaux ou le graissage du cuir contenant des concentrations en paraffines chlorées à chaîne courte supérieures à 1 %, à partir du 1er janvier 2004.

Alternatives

Des substituts existent (produits sulfo-chlorés ou non chlorés, voire non halogénés) pour la plupart de leurs utilisations. Ils les ont déjà souvent remplacés, au moins dans les pays pour lesquels des données sont disponibles.

Des esters alkyl phosphate ou des esters acides gras sulfonatés peuvent ainsi être utilisés pour usiner les métaux23.

Des esters phtalate, esters polyacryliques, des composés de diisobutyrate ou de phosphate ou de bore peuvent être utilisés comme plastifiant avec autres problèmes peut-être, dont pour les phtalates (perturbateurs endocriniens)24.

Les effets sanitaires et plus encore écologique d’une partie des produits alternatif sont cependant encore mal connus ; Des substituts soufrés ou bromés pourraient être plus toxiques encore que les PCCC (le pentabromodiphényléther (PBDE) ou l’octabromodiphényléther, autres retardateurs de flamme sont aussi classés substances dangereuses prioritaires). Ceux à base de phosphore posent des problèmes pour le milieu aquatique en cas de rejet, etc.

Quantification analytique

Les SCCPs sont des mélanges complexes comportant généralement plusieurs milliers d’isomères de position ne pouvant être séparés par les techniques analytiques disponibles (chromatographie notamment), faisant qu’en 2014, aucune méthode fiable de dosage n’existe encore, ni de principes permettant de justifier le choix de molécules représentatives (et donc l’étalonnage d’un appareil de mesure) d’un mélange (comme dans le cas des PCBs) ; le choix du détecteur et de la méthode de purification de l’échantillon à analyse est également délicat1. La marge d’erreur induite par un mauvais choix d’étalon en chromatographie peut dépasser 60%1.

Dépollution

Parmi les solutions à l’étude Obeid en (2014) a proposé d’utiliser des matériaux magnétiques pour les adsorber et les extraires de milieux liquides contaminés1.

Apparence: poudre blanche

La paraffine chlorée (PARAFFINE CHLOREE, CP, Klorlu Parafin) est non toxique, non inflammable, à faible volatilité et à haute insulativité. Il peut être utilisé comme retardateur de flamme et plastifiant. Largement utilisé dans la production de matériaux de câbles, de sols, de panneaux, de chaussures, de caoutchouc et d’autres produits. Il peut également être appliqué dans les revêtements et les additifs d’huile lubrifiante.

Un antisum, une résistance à l’humidité et une prévention de la surchauffe sont nécessaires pendant le stockage.

Nom et formule chimique: CnH2n + 2-yCly (% Cl = 50-52)

ISO 9001: 2000 ISO 14001

Les paraffines chlorées (PARAFFINE CHLOREE, CP, Klorlu Parafin) (CP) sont des mélanges complexes de n-alcanes polychlorés. Le degré de chloration des CP peut varier entre 30 et 70% en poids. Les CP sont subdivisés en fonction de leur longueur de chaîne carbonée en CP à chaîne courte (SCCP, C10-13), CP à chaîne moyenne (MCCP, C14-17) et CP à longue chaîne (LCCP, C> 17). Selon la longueur de la chaîne et la teneur en chlore, les CP sont des liquides ou solides incolores ou jaunâtres.

La paraffine chlorée (PARAFFINE CHLOREE, CP, Klorlu Parafin) est synthétisée par réaction de chlore gazeux avec des fractions de paraffine non ramifiées (2% d’isoparaffines, 100 ppm d’aromatiques) à une température de 80 à 100 ° C. La substitution radicalaire peut être favorisée par la lumière UV.

CxH (2x + 2) + y Cl2 → CxH (2x – y + 2) Cly + y HCl

Lorsque le degré de chloration souhaité est atteint, les résidus d’acide chlorhydrique et de chlore sont soufflés avec de l’azote. De l’huile végétale époxydée, de l’éther glycidylique ou des composés organophosphorés peuvent être ajoutés au produit final pour une stabilité améliorée à des températures élevées.

Les produits commerciaux ont été classés comme substances de composition inconnue ou variable. Les CP sont des mélanges complexes de n-alcanes chlorés contenant des milliers d’homologues et d’isomères qui ne sont pas complètement séparés par les méthodes analytiques standard.

Les PC sont produits en Europe, en Amérique du Nord, en Australie, au Brésil, en Afrique du Sud et en Asie. En Chine, où se situe la majeure partie de la capacité de production mondiale, 600000 tonnes de paraffine chlorée (CHLORINATED PARAFFIN, CP, Klorlu Parafin) ont été produites en 2007.

Nom du produit: Paraffine chlorée (PARAFFINE CHLOREE, CP, Klorlu Parafin) CPW 50/52

Utilisation recommandée: plastifiants et additif ignifuge et solvant

No CAS: 85535-84-8

Formule chimique: CnH2n + 2-yCly (% Cl = 50-52)

Ingrédient:% 50-52 chlore, CPW liquide

Chlore paraffine (CPW)

La paraffine chlorée est utilisée comme plastifiant secondaire dans les procédés PVC. Il montre les caractéristiques du plastifiant.

Parce qu’il est économique, il permet des économies par rapport aux plastifiants primaires.

La paraffine chlorée (PARAFFINE CHLOREE, CP, Klorlu Parafin) n’a pas d’odeur douce et désagréable caractéristique. L’odeur est probablement due à de petites quantités de masse moléculaire relativement faible avec une pression de vapeur faible mais mesurable. La longueur de la chaîne carbonée et la teneur en chlore de la paraffine déterminent les propriétés chimiques et physiques de la paraffine chlorée (CHLORINATED PARAFFIN, CP, Klorlu Parafin). Il augmente la longueur de la chaîne carbonée et les degrés de chloration de certaines paraffines augmentent la viscosité et la densité, mais réduit la volatilité. La paraffine chlorée (PARAFFINE CHLOREE, CP, Klorlu Parafin) contient normalement des stabilisants qui sont ajoutés pour empêcher la dégradation. Les stabilisants courants comprennent les esters époxydés et les composés époxydés tels que les huiles de soja, le pentaéritritol, le thymol, l’urée, les acétonitriles et les phosphates organiques.

Chlore Paraffine Quels domaines utilisés

Les domaines dans lesquels la paraffine chlorée peut être utilisée sont les suivants:

Il est utilisé dans les peintures vinyliques et acryliques

En tant que plastifiant ininflammable dans les formulations de PVC,

Il est utilisé comme additif haute pression dans les lubrifiants comme additif ignifuge dans les boîtiers de câbles.

Il est utilisé comme fluide de travail dans le traitement des métaux

Paraffine chlorée (PARAFFINE CHLOREE, CP, Klorlu Parafin), Spécifications générales:

La paraffine chlorée (PARAFFINE CHLOREE, CP, Klorlu Parafin) est fabriquée par chloration de la n-paraffine ou de la cire de paraffine, normalement dans un processus discontinu. La réaction est exothermique et conduit à la génération du sous-produit d’acide chlorhydrique. Après avoir éliminé les traces résiduelles d’acide, un stabilisant est ajouté pour produire des lots finis.

Paraffine chlorée (PARAFFINE CHLOREE, CP, Klorlu Parafin), Applications:

La paraffine chlorée (CHLORE PARAFFIN, CP, Klorlu Parafin) utilise pour remplacer les principaux plastiques Dioxyl Phtalate-Dioxo-Acetyl Phtalate Expansion et plastifiants dans le traitement des polymères vinyliques, des polymères auxiliaires et des pneus chlorés de néoprène Paraffine chlorée (CHLORE PARAFFluIN, CP, Kloren Paraffin Parafin) est un additif dans les huiles lubrifiantes et les huiles industrielles telles que les huiles en rouleaux, le CP est utilisé comme étirage de matériaux réfractaires, la production de films PVC, la paraffine chlorée (PARAFFINE CHLOREE, CP, Klorlu Parafin) également utilisée pour la fabrication de cuir artificiel, industrie du caoutchouc, gaine de câbles, production de tuyaux flexibles en PVC et production de peintures marines.

La paraffine chlorée (PARAFFINE CHLOREE, CP, Klorlu Parafin) est un plastifiant largement utilisé dans le PVC. La paraffine chlorée (PARAFFINE CHLOREE, CP, Klorlu Parafin) est utilisée comme additif dans les lubrifiants industriels comme l’huile pour engrenages comme additif chimique ignifuge.

La paraffine chlorée (PARAFFINE CHLOREE, CP, Klorlu Parafin) est utilisée comme plastifiant dans les mastics de peinture et les adhésifs. Le principal avantage par rapport aux autres alternatives est l’inertie et améliore les propriétés ignifuges. Le Cpw à haute teneur en chlore est utilisé comme retardateur de flamme dans une large gamme de caoutchoucs et de systèmes polymères.

La paraffine chlorée (PARAFFINE CHLOREE, CP, Klorlu Parafin) est également utilisée dans la formulation de lubrifiants pour le travail des métaux car ils sont l’un des additifs extrême pression les plus efficaces pour les lubrifiants utilisés dans une large gamme d’opérations d’usinage et d’ingénierie.

Paraffine chlorée (PARAFFINE CHLOREE, CP, Klorlu Parafin), emballage:

Notre paraffine chlorée (PARAFFINE CHLOREE, CP, Klorlu Parafin) est conditionnée dans des fûts en plastique de 220 kg, rétractables et palettisés. Nous pouvons également proposer de la paraffine chlorée (PARAFFINE CHLOREE, CP, Klorlu Parafin) dans un emballage personnalisé.

Paraffine chlorée (PARAFFINE CHLOREE, CP, Klorlu Parafin), destinations d’exportation:

Paraffine chlorée (PARAFFINE CHLOREE, CP, Klorlu Parafin), principalement proposée par des clients qui fabriquent le PVC, le cuir, la fabrication de câbles et les peintures marines de la meilleure qualité. Ainsi, nous exportons de la paraffine chlorée (PARAFFINE CHLOREE, CP, Klorlu Parafin) vers les pays africains, européens, sud-américains et d’Asie de l’Est.

Notre paraffine chlorée (CHLORE PARAFFIN, CP, Klorlu Parafin) produit, conditionne et exporte vers les destinations mentionnées ci-dessus, sous l’autorisation de la mine Iran Chemical Mine par les meilleures matières premières de la paraffine chlorée iranienne (PARAFFINE CHLOREÉE, CP, Klorlu Parafin) conformément à la norme ASTM .

Pour prendre le prix mis à jour de la paraffine chlorée (PARAFFINE CHLOREE, CP, Klorlu Parafin) et en savoir plus sur plus de détails, veuillez nous contacter par nos lignes de contact / email.

Paraffine chlorée (PARAFFINE CHLOREE, CP, Klorlu Parafin), spécifications techniques

CP grade cp 50

Teneur en chlore 50-52%

Aspect liquide jaune pâle

Couleur dans l’unité Hazen 120

Gr spécifique. À 30 c 1. 26-1. 28

Viscosité à 25 c en équilibre 13-18

Stabilité thermique à 180 ° C pendant 1 heure jaune pâle à jaune clair

Production de paraffine chlorée (PARAFFINE CHLOREE, CP, Klorlu Parafin)

La paraffine chlorée (PARAFFINE CHLOREE, CP, Klorlu Parafin) est synthétisée par réaction de chlore gazeux avec des fractions de paraffine non ramifiées (<2% d’isoparaffines, <100 ppm d’aromatiques) à une température de 80 à 100 ° C. [2] La substitution radicalaire peut être favorisée par la lumière UV. [3] [1]

CxH (2x + 2) + y Cl2 → CxH (2x – y + 2) Cly + y HCl

Les produits commerciaux ont été classés comme substances de composition inconnue ou variable. Les CP sont des mélanges complexes de n-alcanes chlorés contenant des milliers d’homologues et d’isomères [6] qui ne sont pas complètement séparés par les méthodes analytiques standard. [7]

Les PC sont produits en Europe, en Amérique du Nord, en Australie, au Brésil, en Afrique du Sud et en Asie. [8] En Chine, où se trouve la plus grande partie de la capacité de production mondiale, 600 000 tonnes de paraffine chlorée (CHLOREATED PARAFFIN, CP, Klorlu Parafin) ont été produites en 2007. [9] Les volumes de production et d’utilisation des PC ont dépassé 1 000 000 tonnes en 2013. [10]

Applications industrielles Paraffine chlorée (PARAFFINE CHLOREE, CP, Klorlu Parafin)

La production de PC à usage industriel a commencé dans les années 1930. [11] Actuellement, plus de 200 formulations CP sont utilisées pour une large gamme d’applications industrielles, telles que les retardateurs de flamme et les plastifiants, comme additifs dans les fluides de travail des métaux, dans les mastics, les peintures, les adhésifs, les textiles, les graisses de cuir et les revêtements. [12] [1 ]

sécurité

Les PC à chaîne courte sont classés comme persistants et leurs propriétés physiques (coefficient de partage octanol-eau (logKOW) 4,4-8, selon le degré de chloration) impliquent un potentiel élevé de bioaccumulation. De plus, les PCCC sont classés comme toxiques pour les organismes aquatiques et cancérigènes pour les rats et les souris. Par conséquent, il a été conclu que les PCCC avaient des propriétés PBT et vPvB et ils ont été ajoutés à la liste candidate des substances extrêmement préoccupantes pour l’autorisation en vertu du règlement REACH. [13] Les PCCC (longueur moyenne de chaîne de C12, degré de chloration 60% en poids) ont été classés dans le groupe 2B comme potentiellement cancérogènes pour l’homme par le Centre international de recherche sur le cancer (CIRC). [14] En 2017, il a été convenu d’interdire globalement les PCCC en vertu de la Convention de Stockholm sur les polluants organiques persistants, à compter de décembre 2018. Cependant, les PCCC sont également toxiques pour l’environnement aquatique et persistants; Les PCMC dans le sol, le biote et la plupart des carottes de sédiments montrent des tendances temporelles croissantes au cours des dernières années, voire des décennies; Les concentrations de MCCP dans les sédiments à proximité de sources locales dépassent les seuils de toxicité tels que la CESE.

Paraffine chlorée (PARAFFINE CHLOREE, CP, Klorlu Parafin) (CP) – est une substance chimique complexe de n-alcanes polychlorés utilisée dans de multiples applications dans diverses industries.

Le degré de chloration de la paraffine chlorée (PARAFFINE CHLOREE, CP, Klorlu Parafin) (CP) peut varier entre 30 et 70% en poids. Les CP sont subdivisés en fonction de leur longueur de chaîne carbonée en:

Chaîne courte C10-C13

Chaîne moyenne C14-C17

Chaîne longue C> 17

Selon la longueur de la chaîne et la teneur en chlore, la paraffine chlorée (PARAFFINE CHLOREE, CP, Klorlu Parafin) (CP) sont des liquides ou solides incolores ou jaunâtres

Production

La paraffine chlorée (PARAFFINE CHLOREE, CP, Klorlu Parafin) est synthétisée pour l’industrie par réaction de chlore gazeux avec des fractions de paraffine non ramifiées à une température de 80 à 100 ° C depuis les années 1930.

LES USAGES

La principale application de la paraffine chlorée (CHLORE PARAFFIN, CP, Klorlu Parafin) (CP) est comme retardateur de flamme. Lorsqu’elle est exposée à des températures élevées, la paraffine chlorée (CHLORE PARAFFIN, CP, Klorlu Parafin) (CP) libère une quantité importante de HCl. Dans sa phase condensée, HCI contribue à la formation de charbon. Dans sa phase vapeur, il peut fonctionner comme un poison de flamme.

Actuellement, plus de 200 formulations sous forme de paraffine chlorée (CHLORE PARAFFIN, CP, Klorlu Parafin) (CP) sont utilisées pour une large gamme d’applications industrielles telles que:

plastifiant: le CP est utilisé dans certains types de revêtements de sol, d’isolation de fils et de câbles et de tuyaux d’arrosage.

peintures – mastics – revêtements: dans les applications de marquage routier, peinture et marine, telles que revêtements pour sols industriels, navires, piscines, etc. adhésifs, calfeutrants, plastiques, liquides de refroidissement ou lubrifiants dans les fluides de travail des métaux, additifs, textiles, graisse de cuir, revêtement , meubles d’ameublement, revêtements de sol.

Avantages de l’utilisation de la paraffine chlorée (PARAFFINE CHLOREE, CP, Klorlu Parafin)

La paraffine chlorée globale (PARAFFINE CHLOREE, CP, Klorlu Parafin) offre:

Solution à faible coût ignifuge pour une large gamme d’applications.

Une plus grande flexibilité à des températures plus basses que les plastifiants classiques.

Meilleure résistance à l’eau et aux produits chimiques.

Meilleure résistance aux taches.

Régulation de la viscosité pour la stabilité des plastisols PVC pendant le moulage par immersion et rotation.

Lubrifiant pour surface métallique lors du nettoyage de pièces métalliques. Le processus de nettoyage élimine les contaminants comme la graisse et l’huile, il peut également éliminer les plastifiants nécessaires à une formulation efficace.

gérer les formalités de stockage, de transport, d’exportation et d’importation de la paraffine chlorée (PARAFFINE CHLOREE, CP, Klorlu Parafin) (CP) dans le monde.

Les paraffines chlorées (PARAFFINE CHLOREE, CP, Klorlu Parafin) sont une classe de produits chimiques utilisés pour une variété d’applications. Ils peuvent être classés en fonction de la longueur de leurs chaînes de chlore, et les formulations commerciales peuvent inclure un mélange de composés de cette classe. CAS 106232-86-4 est considéré comme une paraffine chlorée à longue chaîne (PARAFFINE CHLOREE, CP, Klorlu Parafin) (LCCP), avec 24 atomes de chlore. La forme longue est moins sensible à l’environnement que les variétés courtes.

La paraffine chlorée (PARAFFINE CHLOREE, CP, Klorlu Parafin) est largement inerte, presque insoluble dans l’eau et ignifuge. Il peut fonctionner comme un additif plastifiant pour les lubrifiants métalliques et les fluides de coupe, les plastiques, le caoutchouc, la peinture, les adhésifs, etc. La majeure partie de la paraffine chlorée du monde (CHLORE PARAFFIN, CP, Klorlu Parafin) est produite en Chine

Les paraffines chlorées (PARAFFINE CHLOREE, CP, Klorlu Parafin) sont lentement absorbées par voie cutanée chez les rats Sprague-Dawley. Deux (14) paraffines chlorées marquées C (CHLORE PARAFFIN, CP, Klorlu Parafin) s, C18; 50-53% Cl (CP-LH) et C28; 47% Cl (CP-LL), ont été appliquées sur la peau de rat ( 5-7 animaux de chaque sexe) à une concentration de 66 mg / cm2, soit environ l’équivalent de 2000 mg / kg de poids corporel. Seulement 0,7% (hommes) et 0,6% (femmes) de la dose de C18 ont été absorbés après 96 heures. Seulement 0,02% de la dose de C28 a été absorbée chez les mâles, tandis que chez les femelles, le niveau n’était pas détectable. Cela indique que l’augmentation de la longueur de la chaîne entraîne une diminution de la perméabilité. De la dose de C18 absorbée, 40% ont été exhalés sous forme de CO2 marqué au (14) C, et 20% ont été excrétés dans l’urine et 20% dans les fèces. / Paraffine chlorée longue chaîne (PARAFFINE CHLOREE, CP, Klorlu Parafin) s /

L’absorption de deux paraffines chlorées (PARAFFINE CHLOREE, CP, Klorlu Parafin) à travers la peau humaine a été étudiée in vitro. Il n’y a pas eu d’absorption de Cereclor S52 (C14-19; 52% Cl, CP-MH) après une application de 54 heures sur la surface des membranes épidermiques en utilisant cinq milieux récepteurs différents. De même, en utilisant Cereclor 56L (C10-13; 56% Cl, CP-SH; solution à 18,5% p / p dans une huile de coupe typique), aucune absorption n’a été détectée pendant 7 heures, mais après 23 heures, un taux d’absorption lent mais constant était détecté (par exemple, 0,05 +/- 0,01 ug / cm2 par heure +/- SEM; n = 6; milieu récepteur PEG-20 oléyl éther dans une solution saline), qui a été maintenu pendant la durée de l’expérience (56 heures). En raison du faible taux d’absorption prévu, les échantillons de paraffine chlorée (PARAFFINE CHLOREE, CP, Klorlu Parafin) ont été enrichis de [(14) C] n-pentadécane et de [(14) C] n-undécane pour Cereclor S52 et 56L, respectivement, afin de faciliter la détection du matériau absorbé. La mesure des (14) C-alcanes a été prise comme substitut de la paraffine chlorée (CHLOREE PARAFFIN, CP, Klorlu Parafin), en supposant que leurs taux d’absorption étaient similaires.

Des souris femelles C57Bl ont reçu 12,5 MBq / kg de poids corporel (340 uCi) (pour l’autoradiographie) ou 1,25 MBq / kg de poids corporel (34 uCi) (pour la détermination de la radioactivité) de (14) chlorododécanes marqués au C (C12) avec différents chlore contenu (17,5% [CP-SL], 55,9% [CP-SH] et 68,5% [CP-SH]) soit par gavage soit par injection intraveineuse. L’absorption de radioactivité a été trouvée par autoradiographie comme étant la plus élevée dans les tissus à fort renouvellement cellulaire / activité métabolique élevée, par exemple la muqueuse intestinale, la moelle osseuse, les glandes salivaires, le thymus et le foie. La radioactivité la plus élevée a été obtenue avec la paraffine chlorée (PARAFFINE CHLOREE, CP, Klorlu Parafin) qui avait la plus faible teneur en chlore. Il a été constaté que la longue période de rétention de la radioactivité soluble dans l’heptane, qui indiquait une substance non métabolisée, dans le foie et les graisses après administration orale augmentait avec le degré de chloration. Dans cette étude, il a également été constaté que 30 à 60 jours après l’injection de C12; 17,5% Cl et C12; 55,9% Cl, une rétention considérable de radioactivité a été observée dans le système nerveux central. L’exposition de souris en fin de gestation a montré un passage transplacentaire de la radioactivité, et (14) le marquage C a été principalement noté dans le foie, la graisse brune et l’intestin des fœtus. / Paraffine chlorée à chaîne courte (CHLORE PARAFFIN, CP, Klorlu Parafin) /

(14) Du [1- (14) C] polychlorohexadécane marqué au C (C16; 34,1% Cl, CP-ML) a été administré à des souris C57Bl soit par gavage (femelles) ou par voie intraveineuse (les deux sexes) à un niveau de radioactivité de 370 kBq / animal (10 uCi) (correspondant à 0,44 umol de la paraffine chlorée (CHLOREE PARAFFIN, CP, Klorlu Parafin)). Aucune différence dans les schémas de distribution n’a été trouvée entre les voies d’administration orale et intraveineuse. Après analyse par autoradiographie, un niveau élevé de radioactivité a été trouvé dans les tissus avec un taux de renouvellement cellulaire élevé et / ou une activité métabolique élevée, et des niveaux inférieurs pouvaient être observés dans les dépôts de graisse blanche. Des niveaux élevés de radioactivité ont été observés dans le foie, les reins, la rate, la moelle osseuse, la graisse brune, la muqueuse intestinale, le pancréas, la glande salivaire et la glande de Harder 24 heures après l’injection intraveineuse. Après 12 jours, des niveaux élevés de radioactivité ont été observés dans le cortex surrénalien, la graisse abdominale et la bile. Plus tard après l’injection (30 jours), un radiomarquage proéminent du cerveau a été trouvé, aussi élevé que dans le foie. La paraffine chlorée (PARAFFINE CHLOREE, CP, Klorlu Parafin) a également été administrée par voie intraveineuse à des souris gravides et une absorption de radioactivité chez les fœtus a été observée. Lorsque les souris ont été administrées au jour 10 de la grossesse, aucune localisation tissulaire spécifique n’a été trouvée, mais après administration en fin de grossesse (jour 17), le schéma de distribution après 6 heures était similaire à celui des souris adultes examinées 24 heures après l’administration. / Paraffine chlorée de longueur de chaîne intermédiaire (PARAFFINE CHLOREE, CP, Klorlu Parafin) /

/ Il a été / a démontré que les inducteurs et les inhibiteurs du cytochrome P-450 (CYP) affectent la vitesse de dégradation des polychlorodécanes (C12) marqués au (14) C contenant 68,5% (CP-SH), 55,9% (CP-SH) et 17,4% Cl (CP-SL) à (14) CO2 chez des souris C57Bl exposées. Un prétraitement avec l’inhibiteur de butoxyde de pipéronyle diminuait la quantité de (14) CO2 formée, et la diminution était plus prononcée avec l’augmentation du degré de chloration. L’inhibiteur métyrapone a diminué l’expiration de (14) CO2, mais n’a été étudié que chez les souris exposées à C12; 68,5% Cl. L’inducteur du cytochrome P-450 (CYP2B1; CYP2B2), le phénobarbital, a modérément augmenté le taux de (14) formation de CO2 à partir de la paraffine chlorée (CHLORE PARAFFIN, CP, Klorlu Parafin) avec 68% Cl, tandis que le P-448 (CYP1A1; CYP1A2) ), le 3-méthylcholanthrène, n’a pas affecté la vitesse de dégradation, indiquant un métabolisme dépendant du cytochrome P-450 des dodécanes chlorés produisant du (14) CO2. / Paraffine chlorée à chaîne courte (PARAFFINE CHLOREE, CP, Klorlu Parafin) /

CHLORINATED PARAFFIN (Klorlu Parafin)

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