FORMIC ACID (FORMK AST)
FORMIC ACID (FORMK AST)
EC Number:200-579-1, 213-599-0
CAS Number:64-18-6, 992-98-3, 147173-07-7
SYNONMYS:
aluminum formate; ammonium formate; ammonium tetraformate; calcium formate; chromic formate; cobalt(II) formate dihydrate; cobaltous formate; cupric formate formate; formic acid; formic acid, 14C-labeled; formic acid, aluminum salt; formic acid, ammonium (2:1) salt; formic acid, ammonium (4:1) salt; formic acid, ammonium salt; formic acid, cadmium salt; formic acid, calcium salt; formic acid, cesium salt; formic acid, cobalt (+2) salt; formic acid, copper (+2) salt; formic acid, copper salt; formic acid, copper, ammonium salt; formic acid, copper, nickel salt; formic acid, cromium (+3) salt; formic acid, cromium (+3),; sodium (4:1:1) salt; formic acid, lead (+2) salt; formic acid, lead salt; formic acid, lithium salt; formic acid, magnesium salt; formic acid, nickel (+2) salt; formic acid, nickel salt; formic acid, potassium salt; formic acid, rubidium salt; formic acid, sodium salt; formic acid, sodium salt, 13C-labeled formic acid, sodium salt, 14C-labeled; formic acid, strontium salt; formic acid, thallium (+1) salt; formic acid, zinc salt; lead formate; lithium formate; magnesium formate; methanoic acid; nickel formate; nickel formate dihydrate; potassium formate; sodium formate; strontium formate; zinc formate; formic acid; Methanoic acid; 64-18-6; Formylic acid; Aminic acid; Bilorin; Hydrogen carboxylic acid; Formisoton; Myrmicyl; Formira; Acide formique; Collo-bueglatt; Collo-didax; Add-F; Ameisensaeure; C1 acid; RCRA waste number U123; Spirit of formic acid; Formic acid (natural); Mierenzuur [Dutch]; Ameisensaure; Mierenzuur; Kwas metaniowy; Acido formico; Ameisensaeure [German]; Kyselina mravenci; Acide formique [French]; Acido formico [Italian]; Kwas metaniowy [Polish]; Kyselina mravenci [Czech]; HCOOH; FEMA No. 2487; CCRIS 6039; Sybest; EPA Pesticide Chemical Code 214900; AI3-24237; RCRA waste no. U123; UNII-0YIW783RG1; UN1779; Methanoic acid monomer; HSDB 1646; HCO2H; EINECS 200-579-1; Wonderbond Hardener M 600L; 0YIW783RG1; CHEBI:30751; BDAGIHXWWSANSR; UHFFFAOYSA-N; aminate; formylate; methanoate; Formic acid [UN1779] [Corrosive]; Formic Acid, 88%; 0.1% FA in Water; hydrogen carboxylate;; 0.1% FA in water,; 0.1% FA in ACN; 0.1% FA in ACN,; Formicacid; Formicum acidum;; 0.1% Formic Acid in Water (v/v); Cal-Ex™ II Fixative/Decalcifier; 82069-14-5; FMT; 0.1% Formic Acid in Acetonitrile (v/v); 992-98-3; CH2O2; Oxomethanol; Amasil; forrnic acid; methoic acid; Carboxy Group; Oxocarbinic acid; Formic Aicd; Metacarbonoic acid; Hydroxy(oxo)methane; BF; Formic acid anhydrous; Formic acid, natural; H-COOH; FORMIC ACID, ACS; ACMC-1B5TQ; bmse000203; FORMIC ACID 88%; EC 200-579-1; Formic acid, 95-97%; AC1Q77UV; Formic acid (Methanoic acid); Formic acid, p.a., 85%; KSC353I1B; Formic Acid (Fragrance Grade); Formic acid, AR, >=90%; Formic acid, AR, >=98%; Formic acid, LR, >=85%; Formic acid, LR, >=98%; AC1L18W7; CHEMBL116736; Formic acid, purum, >=85%; 557-41-5 (zinc salt); Formic Acid (Industrial Grade); 540-69-2 (ammonium salt); 544-17-2 (calcium salt); 556-63-8 (lithium salt); DTXSID2024115; 557-39-1 (magnesium salt); 590-29-4 (potassium salt); 592-89-2 (strontium salt); CTK2F3410; KS-00000WLQ; 3495-36-1 (cesium salt); 3495-35-0 (rubidium salt); 4464-23-7 (cadmium salt); 7360-53-4 (aluminum salt); MolPort-000-871-952; 141-53-7 (hydrochloride salt); Formic acid, >=95%, FCC, FG; Formic acid, technical grade, 85%; ANW-43808; Formic Acid 88% Reagent Grade ACS; FORMIC ACID 88%, ACS GRADE; FORMIC ACID ACS REAGENT GRADE; Formic acid, ACS reagent, >=96%; MFCD00003297; STL264243; Formic acid [UN1779] [Corrosive]; Formic acid, reagent grade, >=95%; 544-18-3 (cobalt(+2) salt); 544-19-4 (copper(+2) salt); 811-54-1 (lead(+2) salt); AKOS000269044; Formic acid, ACS reagent, 88-91%; Water with 0.1% Formic Acid (v/v); 7056-83-9 (unspecified lead salt); 992-98-3 (thallium(+1) salt); DB01942; LS-1540; MCULE-7175589186; RTR-022015; TRA0031519; UN 1779; 3349-06-2 (nickel(+2) salt); Formic acid, ACS reagent, >=96.0%; NCGC00248718-01; 15843-02-4 (unspecified nickel salt); 15907-03-6 (unspecified copper salt); 27115-36-2 (chromium(+3) salt); AN-41866; BP-21436; E236; SC-22724; 70179-79-2 (ammonium[4:1] salt); DB-029851; TR-022015; F0513; F0654; Formic acid, JIS special grade, >=98.0%; Formic acid, Vetec(TM) reagent grade, 95%; FT-0602327; FT-0626533; Y1306; C00058; Formic acid, SAJ first grade, 88.0-89.5%; InChI=1/CH2O2/c2-1-3/h1H,(H,2,3; 68134-59-8 (unspecified copper-nickel salt); Formic acid solution, BioUltra, 1.0 M in H2O; 68310-83-8 (unspecified copper-ammonium salt); A834666; Formic acid, p.a., ACS reagent, 98.0-100.0%; I14-8126; J-521387; F1908-0082; 63182-21-8; (chromium(+3)-hydrochloride[4:1:1] salt); Formate standard for IC, 1.000 g/L in H2O, analytical standard; Formic acid, puriss. p.a., ACS reagent, reag. Ph. Eur., >=98%; Formic acid, United States Pharmacopeia (USP) Reference Standard; Formic acid, puriss., meets analytical specifications of DAC, FCC, 98.0-100%; 1016316-60-1; 147173-07-7; 67382-92-7; 8006-93-7; formit asit; formit asid; farmik asit; farmik asid; formik asit; formik asid
Properties of formic acid
Molecular Weight:46.025 g/mol
Density: 1.22 g/mL
Molecular Formula:HCOOH or CH2O2
Freezing point: 8°C
Formic acid is the simplest carboxylic acid. Formate is an intermediate in normal metabolism. It takes part in the metabolism of one-carbon compounds and its carbon may appear in methyl groups undergoing transmethylation. It is eventually oxidized to carbon dioxide. Formate is typically produced as a byproduct in the production of acetate. It is responsible for both metabolic acidosis and disrupting mitochondrial electron transport and energy production by inhibiting cytochrome oxidase activity, the terminal electron acceptor of the electron transport chain. Cell death from cytochrome oxidase inhibition by formate is believed to result partly from depletion of ATP, reducing energy concentrations so that essential cell functions cannot be maintained. Furthermore, inhibition of cytochrome oxidase by formate may also cause cell death by increased production of cytotoxic reactive oxygen species (ROS) secondary to the blockade of the electron transport chain. In nature, formic acid is found in the stings and bites of many insects of the order Hymenoptera, including bees and ants. The principal use of formic acid is as a preservative and antibacterial agent in livestock feed. When sprayed on fresh hay or other silage, it arrests certain decay processes and causes the feed to retain its nutritive value longer.
Formic acid is also prepared in the form of its esters by treatment of carbon monoxide with an alcohol such as methanol (methyl alcohol) in the presence of a catalyst.
Formic acid is not a typical carboxylic acid; it is distinguished by its acid strength, its failure to form an anhydride, and its reactivity as a reducing agent—a property due to the −CHO group, which imparts some of the character of an aldehyde. The methyl and ethyl esters of formic acid are commercially produced. Concentrated sulfuric acid dehydrates formic acid to carbon monoxide.
Pure formic acid is a colourless, fuming liquid with a pungent odour; it irritates the mucous membranes and blisters the skin. It freezes at 8.4 °C (47.1 °F) and boils at 100.7 °C (213.3 °F).
Consumer Uses
This substance is used in the following products:
washing & cleaning products, leather treatment products, polymers, textile treatment products and dyes, biocides (e.g. disinfectants, pest control products), coating products, metal surface treatment products, pH regulators and water treatment products and plant protection products.
Other release to the environment of this substance is likely to occur from:
indoor use (e.g. machine wash liquids/detergents, automotive care products, paints and coating or adhesives, fragrances and air fresheners), outdoor use, outdoor use in long-life materials with low release rate (e.g. metal, wooden and plastic construction and building materials) and indoor use in long-life materials with low release rate (e.g. flooring, furniture, toys, construction materials, curtains, foot-wear, leather products, paper and cardboard products, electronic equipment).
Chemical Dangers
The substance decomposes on heating and on contact with strong acids (sulfuric acid) producing carbon monoxide. The substance is a medium strong acid. Reacts violently with oxidants. Reacts violently with strong bases causing fire and explosion hazard. Attacks many plastics and metals.
Effects on Humans
Formic acid is dangerously irritating to the skin, eyes, and mucous membranes and may also be toxic to the kidneys. Workers exposed to formic acid in a textile plant complained of nausea at an average formic acid concentration of 15 ppm. Atmospheric concentrations as low as 32 mg/l may be corrosive; however, a dilute solution of 10% formic acid apparently is not corrosive. Acute, overexposure to formic acid causes corrosion of the skin, eyes, and mucous membrane of the mouth, throat, and esophagus and may be associated with complications such as cardiovascular collapse and ischemic damage to the heart, liver and kidneys, swelling of the airway, and respiratory distress. Ingesting causes ulceration of the gastrointestinal tract, which results in perforation and peritonitis and late scarring of structures of the gastrointestinal tract which, in turn, produces obstructions that require surgical repair.
A worker splashed in the face with formic acid developed respiratory distress and difficulty in swallowing, and died within 6 hours. Other reports indicate that splashes of formic acid in the eye have caused permanent clouding of the cornea, with loss of visual acuity. In one case, the injury required removal of the affected eye. Chronic absorption of formic acid may cause damage to the kidneys, which is indicated by albuminuria and hematuria. Chronic skin contact may cause sensitization dermatitis, particularly in workers previously sensitized to formaldehyde .
Formik asit özellikleri
Moleküler Arlk: 46.025 g / mol
Younluk: 1.22 g / mL
Moleküler Formül: HCOOH veya CH2O2
Donma noktas: 8 ° C
Formik asit en basit karboksilik asittir. Biçim normal metabolizmada bir ara maddedir. Tek karbonlu bileiklerin metabolizmasnda yer alr ve bunun karbonu transmetilleme uygulanan metil gruplarnda ortaya çkabilir. Sonunda karbondiokside oksitlenir. Biçim tipik olarak asetat üretiminde bir yan ürün olarak üretilir. Elektron transport zincirinin terminal elektron alcs olan sitokrom oksidaz aktivitesini inhibe ederek hem metabolik asidozdan hem de mitokondriyal elektron transportundan ve enerji üretiminden sorumludur. Biçimlendirmeyle sitokrom oksidaz inhibisyonundan elde edilen hücre ölümünün, ksmen ATP’nin tükenmesiyle sonuçlandna inanlmaktadr, bu da enerji konsantrasyonlarn düürmekte ve böylece temel hücre fonksiyonlar korunamayacaktr. Ayrca, sitokrom oksidazn format ile inhibisyonu ayrca elektron tama zincirinin blokajna sekonder sitotoksik reaktif oksijen türlerinin (ROS) üretimiyle hücre ölümüne neden olabilir. Doada, formik asit arlarn ve karncalarn da dahil olduu Hymenoptera düzenindeki birçok böcek sokmas ve srmasnda bulunur. Formik asidin balca kullanm, çiftlik hayvanlarnn beslenmesinde koruyucu ve antibakteriyel bir maddedir. Taze saman veya baka bir silaj üzerine püskürtüldüünde, belirli çürüme süreçlerini durdurur ve beslemenin besin deerini daha uzun süre korumasna neden olur
Formik asit ayrca, esterleri formunda, bir katalizör varlnda metanol (metil alkol) gibi bir alkolle karbon monoksitin ilenmesi suretiyle hazrlanr.
Formik asit tipik bir karboksilik asit deildir; Asit mukavemeti, bir anhidrit oluturmadaki baarszl ve bir indirgeyici ajan olarak reaktivitesi – bir aldehitin baz karakterlerini veren −CHO grubuna bal bir özellik ile ayrt edilir. Formik asitin metil ve etil esterleri ticari olarak üretilir. Konsantre sülfürik asit, formik asitten karbon monoksite dehidre olur.
Saf formik asit keskin kokulu, renksiz, dumanl bir svdr; Mukoza zarn tahri eder ve cildi kabarcklar. 8.4 ° C’de (47.1 ° F) donar ve 100.7 ° C’de (213.3 ° F) kaynar.
Tüketici Kullanmlar
Bu madde aadaki ürünlerde kullanlr:
ykama ve temizlik ürünleri, deri ileme ürünleri, polimerler, tekstil ileme ürünleri ve boyalar, biyositler (örnein dezenfektanlar, haere kontrol ürünleri), kaplama ürünleri, metal yüzey ileme ürünleri, pH düzenleyiciler ve su artma ürünleri ve bitki koruma ürünleri.
Bu maddenin çevreye dier salmlar unlar olabilir:
iç mekan kullanm (örnein makine ykama svlar / deterjanlar, otomotiv bakm ürünleri, boyalar ve kaplama veya yaptrclar, kokular ve oda spreyleri), d mekan kullanm, uzun ömürlü materyallerde d mekan kullanm Düük serbest brakma oranyla (örnein metal, ahap ve plastik konstrüksiyon ve inaat malzemeleri) ve düük salma oranna sahip uzun ömürlü malzemelerde iç mekan kullanm ile (örn. döeme, mobilya, oyuncak, inaat malzemeleri, perdeler, ayak anma, deri ürünleri, kat ve karton ürünler, elektronik ekipman).
Kimyasal Tehlikeler
Bu madde sndnda ve karbon monoksit üreten güçlü asitlerle (sülfürik asit) temas eder. Madde orta güçlü bir asittir. Oksitleyicilerle iddetli reaksiyona girer. Güçlü bazlarla iddetli reaksiyona girer ve yangna ve patlamaya neden olur. Birçok plastik ve metale saldrr.
nsanlar Üzerindeki Etkileri
Formik asit, deriye, gözlere ve mukoza zarlarna tehlikeli bir ekilde tahri eder ve böbrekler için de toksik olabilir. Bir tekstil fabrikasnda formik aside maruz kalan içiler, 15 ppm’lik ortalama formik asit konsantrasyonunda bulantdan ikayetçiydiler. 32 mg / l kadar düük atmosferik konsantrasyonlar korozif olabilir; Bununla birlikte, görünüte% 10 formik asidin seyreltik bir çözeltisi andrc deildir. Akut, formik aside ar maruz kalmak, az, boaz ve özofagusun deri, göz ve mukoza zarnn korozyonuna neden olur ve kalp, karacier ve böbreklerdeki kardiyovasküler kollaps ve iskemik hasar gibi komplikasyonlarla ilikili olabilir. ve solunum sknts. Yutma, gastrointestinal sistemin ülserasyonuna neden olur, bu da perforasyon ve peritonit ile sonuçlanr ve gastrointestinal sistemin yaplarnn geç skarlanmasyla sonuçlanr ve bu da cerrahi onarm gerektiren engeller oluturur. Formik asit ile yüzüne sçrayan bir içi solunum sknts ve yutma güçlüü gelitirdi ve 6 saat içinde öldü. Dier raporlar, gözdeki formik asit sçramasnn, görme keskinlii kaybyla, korneada kalc bir ekilde bulanklamaya neden olduunu göstermektedir. Bir vakada, yaralanma, etkilenen gözün çkarlmasn gerektirdi. Formik asidin kronik absorpsiyonu, albüminüri ve hematüri ile belirtilen böbreklere zarar verebilir. Kronik cilt temas, özellikle daha önce formaldehide duyarl hale getirilmi içilerde, duyarllk dermatite neden olabilir.