KRILL OIL
Krill oil, derived from tiny marine crustaceans known as krill, is a rich and complex substance boasting an array of nutritional components, including high concentrations of omega-3 fatty acids such as eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA).
The unique composition of krill oil includes essential phospholipids, providing a distinctive structure that may enhance absorption compared to traditional fish oil.
Additionally, the presence of astaxanthin, a powerful antioxidant, not only gives krill oil its reddish color but also protects the oil from oxidative damage, potentially offering protective benefits to consumers.
CAS Number: 8016-13-5
EC Number: 232-402-9
Synonyms: Omega-3 fatty acids, Eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA), Docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), Phospholipids, Astaxanthin, Marine oil, Antarctic krill oil, Lipid extract, Omega-3-rich oil, Marine phospholipid concentrate, EPA/DHA-rich oil, Krill lipid concentrate, Antarctic Euphausia superba oil, Antarctic krill phospholipid oil, Omega-3 krill oil, Red krill oil, Marine omega-3 oil, Antarctic marine oil, Antarctic omega-3 concentrate, Krill omega-3 complex, Krill phospholipid oil, Krill phospholipid omega-3 concentrate, Krill phospholipid omega-3 oil, Antarctic krill omega-3 oil, Antarctic phospholipid oil, Antarctic phospholipid omega-3 concentrate, Krill phosphatidylcholine oil, Krill phosphatidylcholine omega-3 concentrate, Antarctic krill phospholipid omega-3 oil, Antarctic krill phosphatidylcholine oil, Krill phospholipid complex, Krill phospholipid omega-3 complex, Antarctic krill phospholipid omega-3 complex, Krill phosphatidylcholine complex, Antarctic krill phosphatidylcholine complex, Omega-3 phospholipid complex, Omega-3 krill phospholipid complex, Antarctic omega-3 phospholipid complex, Antarctic krill omega-3 phospholipid complex, Krill astaxanthin oil, Antarctic krill astaxanthin oil, Krill astaxanthin omega-3 oil, Antarctic krill astaxanthin omega-3 oil, Krill astaxanthin phospholipid oil, Antarctic krill astaxanthin phospholipid oil, Krill astaxanthin omega-3 phospholipid oil, Antarctic krill astaxanthin omega-3 phospholipid oil, Krill oil complex, Antarctic krill oil complex, Omega-3-rich krill oil, Antarctic omega-3-rich krill oil, Antarctic krill oil phospholipid concentrate, Krill omega-3 phospholipid concentrate, Antarctic krill omega-3 phospholipid concentrate, Omega-3 phospholipid-rich krill oil, Antarctic omega-3 phospholipid-rich krill oil, Krill oil concentrate, Antarctic krill oil concentrate, Antarctic krill oil phospholipid-rich concentrate, Omega-3 krill oil phospholipid-rich concentrate, Antarctic omega-3 krill oil phospholipid-rich concentrate.
Krill oil is an extract prepared from a species of Antarctic krill, Euphausia superba.
Processed krill oil is commonly sold as a dietary supplement.
Two components of krill oil are omega-3 fatty acids similar to those in fish oil, and phospholipid-derived fatty acids (PLFA), mainly phosphatidylcholine (alternatively referred to as marine lecithin).
Krill oil is an oil extracted from krill, which are small, shrimp-like marine crustaceans.
Krill are a primary food source for many marine animals, and they are found in abundance in the Southern Ocean around Antarctica.
The oil extracted from krill is known for its high concentration of omega-3 fatty acids, specifically eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA).
These omega-3 fatty acids are considered beneficial for human health and are commonly found in fish oil.
In addition to omega-3 fatty acids, krill oil contains other compounds such as astaxanthin, a carotenoid with antioxidant properties.
The presence of astaxanthin gives krill oil its reddish color.
Krill oil is marketed as a dietary supplement, often promoted for Krill oil potential health benefits, including supporting cardiovascular health, reducing inflammation, and providing essential fatty acids.
Some people choose krill oil as an alternative to fish oil supplements due to potential differences in absorption and the additional presence of astaxanthin.
Krill oil, derived from tiny marine crustaceans known as krill, is a rich and complex substance boasting an array of nutritional components.
Krill oil is characterized by its vibrant reddish hue, a result of the presence of the powerful antioxidant astaxanthin.
Extracted from the Southern Ocean, krill oil is renowned for its high concentration of omega-3 fatty acids, particularly eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA).
The unique composition of krill oil includes essential phospholipids, providing a distinctive structure that may enhance absorption compared to traditional fish oil.
Known for Krill oil superior bioavailability, krill oil is often favored by individuals seeking an omega-3 supplement.
The omega-3 content in krill oil contributes to its potential cardiovascular benefits, supporting heart health and promoting healthy lipid profiles.
Additionally, krill oil’s phospholipid-bound omega-3s may aid in cellular membrane integrity and function.
Astaxanthin, a carotenoid present in krill oil, not only adds a reddish tint but also serves as a potent antioxidant, shielding the oil from oxidative damage.
This antioxidant prowess may extend benefits to consumers, protecting cells from free radicals.
Krill oil comes from a tiny, shrimp-like marine animal.
It’s rich in the omega-3 fatty acids eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA).
The benefits of krill oil seem to come from Krill oil omega-3 fatty acid content.
The body doesn’t produce many of Krill oil own omega-3 fatty acids.
Omega-3 fatty acids can reduce pain and swelling and also prevent the blood from clotting easily.
People use krill oil for dry eye.
Krill oil is also used for high levels of triglycerides in the blood, high cholesterol, diabetes, depression, and many other conditions, but there is no good scientific evidence to support many of these uses.
Don’t confused krill oil with algal oil, cod liver oil, fish oil, or shark liver oil.
These are not the same.
Krill oil is derived from tiny crustaceans called Antarctic krill.
These sea creatures are a dietary staple for many animals, including whales, seals, penguins and other birds.
Like fish oil, krill oil is rich in EPA and DHA, the two types of omega-3 fatty acids that provide most of Krill oil health benefits.
However, the fatty acids in krill oil are structurally different than those in fish oil, and this may impact the way the body uses them.
Krill oil also looks different than fish oil.
While fish oil is typically a shade of yellow, a naturally occurring antioxidant called astaxanthin gives krill oil a reddish color.
Krill is a small crustacean with an appearance similar to shrimp.
They are found in the colder waters of the ocean.
Krill primarily serve as a food source for other animals in the ocean, for example – whales, seals, penguins, squid and fish.
Krill is found in the oceans off of Antarctica, Canada, and Japan.
Harvesting of krill is controversial.
There is concern that commercial harvesting of Krill for use in Krill Oil supplements could threaten the species that consume Krill oil for food, including whales.
All krill oil sold in nutritional supplements is harvested out of the open ocean, upsetting the natural balance of food supplies for larger marine animals.
Commercial uses of Krill include salmon aquaculture farming, harvesting for use in Krill Oil capsules, as food for home aquariums, and as a human food source.
Krill, known as Okiami has been harvested by the Japanese as a human food source since the 19th century, and is also consumed in South Korea and Taiwan.
Krill has a pink or red appearance due to the plankton that they consume as a food source in the ocean.
Krill contains an oil that is similar to the oils found in fish oils, the omega-3 fatty acids.
Omega-3 fatty acids are recommended for use in lowering triglyceride levels.
Krill Oil use as a supplement to lower blood lipids is increasing in popularity.
Krill Oil contains:
The omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids EPA (Eicosapentaenoic Acid) and DHA (Docosahexaenoic).
Omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids are also found in oils from certain types of fish, vegetables, and other plant sources.
Unlike fish oil, the omega-3 fatty acids in Krill oil are absorbed and carried to the body’s cells in phospholipid form.
Omega-3 fatty acids, in combination with diet and exercise, work by lowering the body’s production of “bad”, low density lipoprotein (LDL) and triglycerides, and may raise high density lipoprotein (HDL) “good” cholesterol.
High levels of cholesterol and triglycerides can lead to coronary artery disease, heart disease, and stroke.
Supportive, but not conclusive research shows that consumption of EPA and DHA omega-3 fatty acids may reduce the risk of coronary heart disease.
Krill Oil also contains:
Phospholipid-derived fatty acids (PLFA), which may result in better absorption, and marine lethicin.
A carotenoid antioxidant called astaxanthin.
Antioxidants inhibit oxidation and may neutralize the oxidant effect of free radicals and other substances in body tissues that may lead to disease.
Krill Oil has also been used to treat high blood pressure, stroke, cancer, osteoarthritis, depression and premenstrual syndrome (PMS), although high quality studies with adequately sized populations validating these uses are lacking.
Patients should speak with their physician prior to using Krill Oil for any condition.
Warnings issued by the FDA note that certain fish (marlin, tuna, swordfish) may contain toxins such as methylmercury, leading some consumers to be wary of eating fish to obtain omega-3 fatty acids.
Manufacturers of Krill Oil suggest it may be safer due to lower levels of contaminants such as mercury.
The FDA has issued recommendations that women who are pregnant or planning to become pregnant, and young children avoid eating more than 6 ounces of fish per week.
However, Krill may also contain methylmercury and other pollutants from sea water, although they are lower on the food chain and may contain lower values of such pollutants.
One study noted that Krill harvested from Antarctica contains high levels of organic pesticides.
Manufacturers of Krill Oil claim one of the advantages of Krill Oil over Fish Oil is that it does not lead to the fishy aftertaste, reflux or belching of fish flavors, a common side effect with fish oil supplements. However, Krill Oil may still lead to these side effects in some patients.
The U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) has not specifically made recommendations on Krill Oil safety or effectiveness.
Krill Oil is considered a dietary supplement and does not require a prescription.
Krill Oil may also be used for purposes not listed in this medication guide.
Difference between krill oil and fish oil:
Krill oil and oceanic fish oil are rich in omega-3 fatty acids, mainly eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA).
While both contain some EPA and DHA as free fatty acids, krill oil contains particularly rich amounts of choline-containing phospholipids and a phosphatidylcholine concentration of 34 grams per 100 grams of oil.
Krill oil also contains appreciable content of astaxanthin at 0.1 to 1.5 mg/ml, depending on processing methods, which is responsible for Krill oil red color.
Applications of Krill oil:
Krill oil is commonly used as a dietary supplement to provide essential omega-3 fatty acids, specifically EPA and DHA, to support cardiovascular health.
Krill oil phospholipid structure may enhance absorption and utilization of omega-3s, making Krill oil a popular choice for those seeking efficient nutrient delivery.
The antioxidant astaxanthin in krill oil contributes to its potential anti-inflammatory properties, supporting joint health.
Krill oil’s omega-3 content is associated with promoting healthy lipid profiles and may contribute to reducing cholesterol levels.
Research suggests that krill oil may have neuroprotective effects, benefiting cognitive function and brain health.
Krill oil is used to address conditions associated with omega-3 deficiencies, such as dry eyes and skin conditions.
Krill oil’s potential anti-inflammatory effects make Krill oil a consideration for managing inflammatory conditions, such as arthritis.
Some studies indicate that krill oil supplementation may alleviate symptoms of premenstrual syndrome (PMS) in women.
Krill oil is included in formulations aimed at supporting overall immune system function.
Krill oil unique composition, including phospholipids, makes krill oil a popular choice for individuals looking to support cellular membrane integrity.
Athletes and fitness enthusiasts may use krill oil to support joint health and reduce exercise-induced inflammation.
Krill oil is incorporated into some beauty and skincare products due to Krill oil potential skin-supporting properties.
Krill oil’s high bioavailability and absorption efficiency may make Krill oil suitable for individuals with digestive concerns.
Krill oil is explored for its potential in managing conditions associated with oxidative stress and free radical damage.
Krill oil is used as a nutritional supplement for pregnant women, supporting the development of the fetal brain and eyes.
Krill oil is included in formulations targeting age-related cognitive decline and neurodegenerative conditions.
Some pet supplements incorporate krill oil for its omega-3 content, benefiting the health of animals.
Krill oil is utilized in the development of functional foods and beverages focused on heart health.
Krill oil may be part of formulations designed to manage symptoms of certain inflammatory skin conditions.
Krill oil’s sustainable sourcing practices contribute to Krill oil use in environmentally conscious products.
Krill oil is applied in personalized nutrition plans to address specific nutritional needs and deficiencies.
Krill oil may be recommended as part of integrative approaches to managing metabolic disorders.
Some wellness programs incorporate krill oil to support a holistic approach to health and vitality.
Krill oil potential benefits for mood and emotional well-being make krill oil a consideration in mental health support.
Krill oil’s versatility and diverse applications highlight Krill oil role as a valuable supplement for promoting overall health and wellness.
Krill oil is utilized in formulations targeting ocular health, and Krill oil omega-3 content is believed to support visual acuity.
Krill oil may be recommended as part of a comprehensive approach to managing inflammation-related skin conditions such as eczema.
Krill oil’s cardiovascular benefits make it a consideration in preventive health measures for individuals at risk of heart disease.
Krill oil is incorporated into some weight management programs, with omega-3s potentially supporting metabolic health.
Krill oil’s anti-inflammatory properties have led to its exploration in complementary approaches to managing inflammatory bowel diseases.
Some sports nutrition supplements include krill oil to support recovery and reduce exercise-induced inflammation.
Krill oil is used in formulations targeting age-related macular degeneration (AMD) and other eye disorders.
Krill oil potential neuroprotective effects make it a subject of interest in research on neurodegenerative conditions such as Alzheimer’s disease.
Krill oil is included in pet foods and supplements to support the health of dogs and cats.
Krill oil may be recommended during certain stages of life, such as pregnancy and lactation, to provide essential nutrients for fetal development.
Krill oil is explored for its potential role in managing symptoms of chronic fatigue syndrome (CFS).
Krill oil is considered in integrative medicine approaches to address symptoms associated with fibromyalgia.
Krill oil’s anti-inflammatory properties contribute to its potential use in managing symptoms of rheumatoid arthritis.
Krill oil is utilized in formulations targeting mood disorders, with omega-3s playing a role in mental health support.
Krill oil’s antioxidant content may contribute to its inclusion in formulations aimed at supporting liver health.
Krill oil is explored for its potential role in reducing symptoms of premenstrual dysphoric disorder (PMDD) in women.
Krill oil is investigated for its effects on insulin sensitivity and Krill oil potential role in managing type 2 diabetes.
Krill oil may be included in personalized nutrition plans for individuals with specific dietary preferences or restrictions.
Krill oil’s omega-3 content is used in formulations targeting the management of chronic inflammatory conditions.
Krill oil is explored for its potential in modulating the immune response and supporting overall immune system function.
Krill oil is included in some nutritional strategies for individuals undergoing cancer treatment, with a focus on nutritional support.
Krill oil anti-inflammatory effects make it a consideration in integrative approaches to managing symptoms of asthma.
Krill oil is used in the development of functional foods and beverages designed for enhanced cognitive performance.
Krill oil may be incorporated into anti-aging skincare products, with potential benefits for skin elasticity and hydration.
Krill oil’s role in cellular membrane support is considered in formulations targeting cellular health and longevity.
Krill oil is considered in nutritional support programs for individuals with hyperlipidemia, as Krill oil omega-3 content may help manage cholesterol levels.
Krill oil is explored for its potential role in alleviating symptoms of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) in children.
Krill oil’s anti-inflammatory properties contribute to Krill oil consideration in managing symptoms of inflammatory skin conditions such as psoriasis.
Some formulations aimed at promoting bone health include krill oil, with omega-3s playing a potential role in bone density.
Krill oil is used in the development of functional foods targeting enhanced energy and vitality.
Krill oil’s omega-3 content is considered in dietary strategies for individuals with chronic kidney disease.
Krill oil may be included in nutritional plans for individuals with metabolic syndrome due to Krill oil potential metabolic benefits.
Krill oil is explored for its potential role in managing symptoms of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD).
Krill oil is included in formulations aimed at supporting gastrointestinal health and addressing symptoms of irritable bowel syndrome (IBS).
Krill oil’s potential anti-inflammatory effects contribute to Krill oil consideration in complementary approaches to managing symptoms of rheumatoid arthritis.
Krill oil is used in the development of nutritional supplements targeting enhanced exercise performance.
Krill oil is explored for its potential role in reducing symptoms of anxiety and promoting emotional well-being.
Some skin care products incorporate krill oil for its potential benefits in promoting a healthy complexion.
Krill oil is used in formulations aimed at supporting liver detoxification processes.
Krill oil’s potential role in reducing oxidative stress is considered in formulations targeting general antioxidant support.
Krill oil may be included in formulations for individuals with neurodegenerative conditions, such as Parkinson’s disease.
Krill oil is explored for its potential effects on insulin sensitivity and its role in managing symptoms of polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS).
Krill oil is used in the development of nutritional supplements targeting enhanced cognitive function and memory.
Krill oil’s omega-3 content is considered in dietary strategies for individuals with inflammatory bowel diseases such as Crohn’s disease.
Krill oil may be included in personalized nutrition plans for individuals with specific genetic or metabolic factors.
Krill oil is explored for its potential in managing symptoms of endometriosis in women.
Krill oil is considered in formulations for individuals with chronic pain conditions due to its potential anti-inflammatory effects.
Krill oil’s cardiovascular benefits contribute to its consideration in managing symptoms of peripheral artery disease (PAD).
Krill oil is used in formulations aimed at supporting healthy aging and promoting longevity.
Krill oil’s potential immune-modulating effects make it a consideration in nutritional support for individuals with autoimmune conditions.
Benefits of Krill oil:
Excellent Source of Healthy Fats
Can Help Fight Inflammation
Might Reduce Arthritis and Joint Pain
Could Improve Blood Lipids and Heart Health
May Help Manage PMS Symptoms
Health Benefits:
Krill oil, like fish oil, is a rich source of omega-3s, and Krill oil also offers antioxidants and vitamin A.
While much study has been conducted on fish oil’s health benefits, there is less research on the health benefits of taking krill oil.
Studies have shown health benefits attributed to krill oil, but in general, more research is needed.
Early research shows that krill oil, like fish oil, may offer the following benefits:
Less Inflammation:
Research suggests that omega-3s are likely to help with any type of illness involving inflammation in the body.
One study showed that taking krill oil reduced pain, stiffness, and inflammation in patients with rheumatoid arthritis.
PMS Symptom Relief:
There is significant evidence suggesting that taking krill oil can reduce both the pain and emotional effects of PMS.
The research shows that krill oil is much more effective for PMS symptoms than is fish oil.
Cardiovascular Health:
The American Heart Association promotes omega-3s as a preventative against cardiovascular disease.
Research has shown that the omega-3s in krill oil help prevent heart attacks and strokes.
Studies also show that krill oil helps lower blood pressure and triglyceride levels, which are both risk factors for heart disease.
Reduced Anxiety:
One study has shown a link between omega-3 consumption and reduced levels of anxiety.
The study concluded that omega-3s offer more significant anxiety improvement when the experienced anxiety levels are higher.
The study concluded that to lessen anxiety, you should take at least 2 grams per day of omega-3s that include both DHA and EPA.
Decreased Risk of Colon Cancer:
A single study suggests that the antioxidants found in krill oil may help prevent colon cancer.
Further research is needed on this possible benefit of krill oil.
Handling and Storage of Krill Oil:
Handling Conditions:
Clean Hands:
Ensure hands are clean and dry before handling krill oil supplements to prevent contamination.
Use Dry Utensils:
If using utensils to dispense krill oil, make sure they are dry to prevent the introduction of moisture.
Follow Dosage Instructions:
Adhere to the recommended dosage instructions provided on Krill oil label or by a healthcare professional.
Avoid Direct Sunlight:
Protect krill oil supplements from direct sunlight during handling to prevent potential oxidation.
Secure Lid/Cap:
Always securely close the container lid or cap immediately after use to minimize exposure to air and moisture.
Avoid Heat:
Store krill oil away from heat sources, as excessive heat can affect the stability of the oil.
Keep Away from Contaminants:
Store krill oil away from potential contaminants, such as household cleaning products or strong odors.
Storage Conditions:
Cool Environment:
Store krill oil in a cool environment, away from sources of heat, preferably at temperatures between 59°F (15°C) and 77°F (25°C).
Dark Storage:
Keep krill oil supplements in a dark place or in opaque packaging to protect them from light exposure, which can contribute to oxidation.
Refrigeration:
Some krill oil products may recommend refrigeration to enhance stability.
Check Krill oil label for specific storage instructions.
Avoid Freezing:
Do not freeze krill oil, as freezing temperatures can alter Krill oil composition and potentially lead to quality degradation.
Store in Original Container:
Keep krill oil in its original container to maintain the integrity of the packaging designed to protect Krill oil from external factors.
Check Expiry Date:
Always check the expiration date on Krill oil label and do not use krill oil supplements beyond the indicated date.
Avoid Humidity:
Store krill oil in a dry environment to prevent moisture absorption, which can lead to spoilage and rancidity.
Safety and Regulation of Krill oil:
Although there may be toxic residues present in Antarctic krill and fish, the United States Food and Drug Administration has accepted notices from krill oil manufacturers declaring that krill oil and supplement products derived from Krill oil meet the standards for Generally Recognized as Safe (GRAS) status.
Krill oil is listed among authorized European novel foods by meeting specification limits.
First Aid Measures of Krill oil:
Inhalation:
Move to Fresh Air:
If there is accidental inhalation of any substance, including a supplement, move the affected person to an area with fresh air.
Seek Medical Attention:
If respiratory symptoms persist or worsen, seek immediate medical attention.
Skin Contact:
Wash Skin:
In the rare event of skin irritation, wash the affected area with mild soap and water.
Seek Medical Attention:
If irritation persists or if there are signs of an allergic reaction (such as rash, itching, swelling), seek medical attention.
Eye Contact:
Flush Eyes:
If krill oil comes into contact with the eyes, immediately flush the eyes with plenty of clean water for at least 15 minutes.
Seek Medical Attention:
If eye irritation persists or if there are signs of a more severe reaction, seek immediate medical attention.
Ingestion:
Seek Medical Attention:
If someone ingests an excessive amount of krill oil and experiences symptoms such as nausea, vomiting, or other adverse effects, seek medical attention immediately.
Contact Poison Control:
In cases of accidental ingestion, contact the local poison control center for guidance.
General Advice:
Discontinue Use:
If an adverse reaction occurs after taking krill oil, discontinue use immediately.
Provide Information:
If seeking medical attention, provide information about the specific product, dosage, and any other relevant details.
Fire and Explosion Hazard Data of Krill oil:
Flash Point:
ND
Flammable Limits:
NA
Special Fire Fighting Procedures:
CO2, foam, water (spray nozzle), dry chemical
Percent Volatile By Volume (%):
ND
Unusual Fire And Explosion Hazards:
NA
Accidental release measures of Krill oil:
Steps to be Taken In Case Material is Released or Spilled:
Collect into containers for proper disposal.
Never use porous material as absorbent.
Waste Disposal Method:
Check with local, state, federal authorities before introducing large quantities into waterway, landfill, or sewer/waste treatment systems.
Identifiers of Krill Oil:
CAS NO: 8016-13-5
EC/LIST NO: 232-402-9
Specifications of Krill Oil:
Appearance: Dark red viscous oil
Odor: Light shrimp odor
Total phospholipids: ≥42g/100g
Astaxanthin: ≥200mg/kg
Omega-3: ≥24%
EPA: ≥12%
DHA: ≥8%
Moisture and ethanol: ≤3%
Peroxide Value: ≤2mmol/kg
Saponification Value: 180.0±10.0mgKOH/g
Acid Value: ≤10mgKOH/g
Total Plate Count: <100CFU/g
Coloforms Group: <40CFU/g
Yeast Molds: <25CFU/g
Salmonella: Not Deteced
Staphilococcus Aureua: Not Deteced
PCBs: <45PPb
Dioxins Furans: <1.0ppt
Dioxins-like PCBs: <1.5ppt
Lead: ≤0.5ppm
Inorganic Arsenic: ≤0.5ppm
Cadmium: ≤0.5ppm
Mercury: ≤0.3ppm
Cr: ≤2.0ppm
Names of Krill Oil:
IUPAC Names:
Oils
fish