POTASSIUM PERSULPHATE

POTASSIUM PERSULPHATE(POTASYUM PERSÜLFAT)

CAS No.: 7727-21-1

EC No.: 231-781-8

Synonyms:

POTASSIUM PERSULPHATE; potassium persulfate; POTASYUM PERSÜLFAT; potasyum persülfat; POTASSIUM PERSULFATE; 7727-21-1; Potassium peroxydisulfate; Anthion; Potassium peroxodisulfate; Potassium peroxydisulphate; Dipotassium peroxydisulfate; Dipotassium peroxodisulphate; Dipotassium persulfate; Caswell No. 700; POTASSIUM PERSULPHATE; potassium persulfate; POTASYUM PERSÜLFAT; potasyum persülfat; POTASSIUM PERSULPHATE; potassium persulfate; POTASYUM PERSÜLFAT; potasyum persülfat; UNII-6B86K0MCZC; Peroxydisulfuric acid, dipotassium salt; potassium persulphate; HSDB 2638; EINECS 231-781-8; MFCD00011386; UN1492; EPA Pesticide Chemical Code 063602; Potassium peroxydisulfate (K2(S2O8)); 6B86K0MCZC; Peroxydisulfuric acid dipotassium salt; Peroxydisulfuric acid (((HO)S(O)2)2O2) , dipotassium salt; Peroxydisulfuric acid (((HO)S(O)2)2O2), dipotassium salt; POTASSIUM PERSULPHATE; potassium persulfate; POTASYUM PERSÜLFAT; potasyum persülfat; POTASSIUM PERSULPHATE; potassium persulfate; POTASYUM PERSÜLFAT; potasyum persülfat; POTASSIUM PERSULPHATE; potassium persulfate; POTASYUM PERSÜLFAT; potasyum persülfat; Potassiumpersulfate; Potassium persulfate, 99+%, ACS reagent; Potassium persulfate, 99+%, for analysis; Peroxydisulfuric acid (((HO)S(O)2)2O2), potassium salt (1:2); Peroxydisulfuric acid ([(HO)S(O)2]2O2), potassium salt (1:2); POTASSIUM PERSULPHATE; potassium persulfate; POTASYUM PERSÜLFAT; potasyum persülfat; POTASSIUM PERSULPHATE; potassium persulfate; POTASYUM PERSÜLFAT; potasyum persülfat; Virkon S; potasium persulfate; potassium persuifate; ACMC-20ajud; potassium monopersulphate; potassium peroxidisulfate; DSSTox_CID_9690; EC 231-781-8; DSSTox_RID_78809; DSSTox_GSID_29690; KSC377A7J; K2O8S2; CHEMBL3186858; DTXSID4029690; CTK2H7074; KS-00000VPT; dipotassium dioxidan-2-idesulfonate; Tox21_200798; AKOS015950646; Potassium persulfate, ACS Reagent Grade; NCGC00258352-01; BP-13445; S375; SC-74865; CAS-7727-21-1; LS-102479; Potassium persulfate [UN1492] [Oxidizer]; FT-0689072; Potassium persulfate [UN1492] [Oxidizer]; POTASSIUM PERSULPHATE; potassium persulfate; POTASYUM PERSÜLFAT; potasyum persülfat; POTASSIUM PERSULPHATE; potassium persulfate; POTASYUM PERSÜLFAT; potasyum persülfat; dipotassium [(sulfonatoperoxy)sulfonyl]oxidanide; Potassium persulfate, Trace metals grade 99.99%; Q415226; KPS; anthion; Virkon S; BETZ 2701; PERSULPHATE; NP A SOLUTION; Potassum Suphates; SULPHATE STANDARD; POTASSIUM SULPHATE; POTTASSIUM SULPHATE; BETZ 2701; DI-POTASSIUM PEROXODISULPHATE; DIPOTASSIUM PEROXYDISULFATE; NP A SOLUTION; PEROXYDISULFURIC ACID; POTASSIUM PEROXODISULFATE; POTASSIUM PERSULPHATE; potassium persulfate; POTASYUM PERSÜLFAT; potasyum persülfat; POTASSIUM PERSULPHATE; potassium persulfate; POTASYUM PERSÜLFAT; potasyum persülfat; POTASSIUM PEROXYDISULFATE; POTASSIUM PEROXYDISULPHATE; POTASSIUM PERSULFATE; POTASSIUM PERSULFATE, PURIFIED; POTASSIUM PERSULPHATE; POTASSIUM SULFATE; POTASSIUM SULFATE FERTILIZER; POTASSIUM SULFATE TS; POTASSIUM PERSULPHATE; potassium persulfate; POTASYUM PERSÜLFAT; potasyum persülfat; POTASSIUM PERSULPHATE; potassium persulfate; POTASYUM PERSÜLFAT; potasyum persülfat; POTASSIUM SULPHATE; SULFATE STANDARD STOCK SOL; SULFURIC ACID POTASSIUM SALT; SULPHATE STANDARD; TNP-201 DECOMPOSITION SOLUTION 1; anthion; dipotassium [(sulfonatoperoxy)sulfonyl]oxidanide; dipotassium peroxodisulfate; dipotassium peroxodisulphate; dipotassium peroxydisulfate; dipotassium persulfate; POTASSIUM PERSULPHATE; potassium persulfate; POTASYUM PERSÜLFAT; potasyum persülfat; POTASSIUM PERSULPHATE; potassium persulfate; POTASYUM PERSÜLFAT; potasyum persülfat; dipotassium sulfonatooxy sulfate; peroxydisulfuric acid (((HO)S(O)2)2O2) , dipotassium salt; peroxydisulfuric acid (((HO)S(O)2)2O2), potassium salt (1:2); peroxydisulfuric acid ([(HO)S(O)2]2O2), dipotassium salt; peroxydisulfuric acid potassium salt (1:2); peroxydisulfuric acid, dipotassium salt; potassium peroxodisulfate; potassium peroxydisulfate; POTASSIUM PERSULPHATE; potassium persulfate; POTASYUM PERSÜLFAT; potasyum persülfat; potassium peroxydisulfate (K2(S2O8)); potassium peroxydisulphate; POTASSIUM PERSULPHATE; potassium persulfate; POTASYUM PERSÜLFAT; potasyum persülfat; POTASSIUM PERSULPHATE; potassium persulfate; POTASYUM PERSÜLFAT; potasyum persülfat; POTASSIUM PERSULFATE; 7727-21-1; Potassium peroxydisulfate; Anthion; Potassium peroxodisulfate; Potassium peroxydisulphate; Dipotassium peroxydisulfate; Dipotassium peroxodisulphate; Dipotassium persulfate; Caswell No. 700; POTASSIUM PERSULPHATE; potassium persulfate; POTASYUM PERSÜLFAT; potasyum persülfat; POTASSIUM PERSULPHATE; potassium persulfate; POTASYUM PERSÜLFAT; potasyum persülfat; UNII-6B86K0MCZC; Peroxydisulfuric acid, dipotassium salt; potassium persulphate; HSDB 2638; EINECS 231-781-8; MFCD00011386; UN1492; EPA Pesticide Chemical Code 063602; Potassium peroxydisulfate (K2(S2O8)); 6B86K0MCZC; Peroxydisulfuric acid dipotassium salt; Peroxydisulfuric acid (((HO)S(O)2)2O2) , dipotassium salt; Peroxydisulfuric acid (((HO)S(O)2)2O2), dipotassium salt; POTASSIUM PERSULPHATE; potassium persulfate; POTASYUM PERSÜLFAT; potasyum persülfat; POTASSIUM PERSULPHATE; potassium persulfate; POTASYUM PERSÜLFAT; potasyum persülfat; POTASSIUM PERSULPHATE; potassium persulfate; POTASYUM PERSÜLFAT; potasyum persülfat; Potassiumpersulfate; Potassium persulfate, 99+%, ACS reagent; Potassium persulfate, 99+%, for analysis; Peroxydisulfuric acid (((HO)S(O)2)2O2), potassium salt (1:2); Peroxydisulfuric acid ([(HO)S(O)2]2O2), potassium salt (1:2); POTASSIUM PERSULPHATE; potassium persulfate; POTASYUM PERSÜLFAT; potasyum persülfat; POTASSIUM PERSULPHATE; potassium persulfate; POTASYUM PERSÜLFAT; potasyum persülfat; Virkon S; potasium persulfate; potassium persuifate; ACMC-20ajud; potassium monopersulphate; potassium peroxidisulfate; DSSTox_CID_9690; EC 231-781-8; DSSTox_RID_78809; DSSTox_GSID_29690; KSC377A7J; K2O8S2; CHEMBL3186858; DTXSID4029690; CTK2H7074; KS-00000VPT; dipotassium dioxidan-2-idesulfonate; Tox21_200798; AKOS015950646; Potassium persulfate, ACS Reagent Grade; NCGC00258352-01; BP-13445; S375; SC-74865; CAS-7727-21-1; LS-102479; Potassium persulfate [UN1492] [Oxidizer]; FT-0689072; Potassium persulfate [UN1492] [Oxidizer]; POTASSIUM PERSULPHATE; potassium persulfate; POTASYUM PERSÜLFAT; potasyum persülfat; POTASSIUM PERSULPHATE; potassium persulfate; POTASYUM PERSÜLFAT; potasyum persülfat; dipotassium [(sulfonatoperoxy)sulfonyl]oxidanide; Potassium persulfate, Trace metals grade 99.99%; Q415226; KPS; anthion; Virkon S; BETZ 2701; PERSULPHATE; NP A SOLUTION; Potassum Suphates; SULPHATE STANDARD; POTASSIUM SULPHATE; POTTASSIUM SULPHATE; BETZ 2701; DI-POTASSIUM PEROXODISULPHATE; DIPOTASSIUM PEROXYDISULFATE; NP A SOLUTION; PEROXYDISULFURIC ACID; POTASSIUM PEROXODISULFATE; POTASSIUM PERSULPHATE; potassium persulfate; POTASYUM PERSÜLFAT; potasyum persülfat; POTASSIUM PERSULPHATE; potassium persulfate; POTASYUM PERSÜLFAT; potasyum persülfat; POTASSIUM PEROXYDISULFATE; POTASSIUM PEROXYDISULPHATE; POTASSIUM PERSULFATE; POTASSIUM PERSULFATE, PURIFIED; POTASSIUM PERSULPHATE; POTASSIUM SULFATE; POTASSIUM SULFATE FERTILIZER; POTASSIUM SULFATE TS; POTASSIUM PERSULPHATE; potassium persulfate; POTASYUM PERSÜLFAT; potasyum persülfat; POTASSIUM PERSULPHATE; potassium persulfate; POTASYUM PERSÜLFAT; potasyum persülfat; POTASSIUM SULPHATE; SULFATE STANDARD STOCK SOL; SULFURIC ACID POTASSIUM SALT; SULPHATE STANDARD; TNP-201 DECOMPOSITION SOLUTION 1; anthion; dipotassium [(sulfonatoperoxy)sulfonyl]oxidanide; dipotassium peroxodisulfate; dipotassium peroxodisulphate; dipotassium peroxydisulfate; dipotassium persulfate; POTASSIUM PERSULPHATE; potassium persulfate; POTASYUM PERSÜLFAT; potasyum persülfat; POTASSIUM PERSULPHATE; potassium persulfate; POTASYUM PERSÜLFAT; potasyum persülfat; dipotassium sulfonatooxy sulfate; peroxydisulfuric acid (((HO)S(O)2)2O2) , dipotassium salt; peroxydisulfuric acid (((HO)S(O)2)2O2), potassium salt (1:2); peroxydisulfuric acid ([(HO)S(O)2]2O2), dipotassium salt; peroxydisulfuric acid potassium salt (1:2); peroxydisulfuric acid, dipotassium salt; potassium peroxodisulfate; potassium peroxydisulfate; POTASSIUM PERSULPHATE; potassium persulfate; POTASYUM PERSÜLFAT; potasyum persülfat; potassium peroxydisulfate (K2(S2O8)); potassium peroxydisulphate; POTASSIUM PERSULPHATE; potassium persulfate; POTASYUM PERSÜLFAT; potasyum persülfat

POTASSIUM PERSULPHATE

Uses

This salt is used to initiate polymerization of various alkenes leading to commercially important polymers such as styrene-butadiene rubber and polytetrafluoroethylene and related materials. In solution, the dianion dissociates to give radicals:[3]

Potassium persulfate

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Not to be confused with Potassium peroxymonosulfate.

Potassium persulfate

Two potassium cations and one peroxydisulfate anion

Ball-and-stick model of the crystal structure

Potassium persulfate as a white powder

Names

Other names

potassium peroxydisulfate

Anthion

potassium perdisulfate

Identifiers

CAS Number

7727-21-1 check

3D model (JSmol)

Interactive image

ChemSpider

22821 ☒

ECHA InfoCard 100.028.893 Edit this at Wikidata

EC Number

231-781-8

E number E922 (glazing agents, …)

PubChem CID

24412

RTECS number

SE0400000

UNII

6B86K0MCZC check

UN number 1492

CompTox Dashboard (EPA)

DTXSID4029690 Edit this at Wikidata

InChI[show]

SMILES[show]

Properties

Chemical formula K2S2O8

Molar mass 270.322 g/mol

Appearance white powder

Odor odorless

Density 2.477 g/cm3[1]

Melting point < 100 °C (212 °F; 373 K) (decomposes)

Solubility in water 1.75 g/100 mL (0 °C)

4.49 g/100 ml (20 °C)

Solubility insoluble in alcohol

Refractive index (nD) 1.467

Structure

Crystal structure triclinic

Hazards

Safety data sheet ICSC 1133

GHS pictograms GHS03: Oxidizing GHS07: Harmful GHS08: Health hazard

GHS Signal word Danger

GHS hazard statements H272, H302, H315, H317, H319, H334, H335, H371

GHS precautionary statements P220, P261, P280, P305+351+338, P342+311

NFPA 704 (fire diamond)

NFPA 704 four-colored diamond

021OX

Flash point Non-flammable

Lethal dose or concentration (LD, LC):

LD50 (median dose) 802 mg/kg (oral, rat)[2]

Related compounds

Other anions Potassium sulfite

Potassium sulfate

Potassium peroxymonosulfate

Other cations Sodium persulfate

Ammonium persulfate

Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa).

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Infobox references

Potassium persulfate is the inorganic compound with the formula K2S2O8. Also known as potassium peroxydisulfate or KPS, it is a white solid that is sparingly soluble in cold water, but dissolves better in warm water. This salt is a powerful oxidant, commonly used to initiate polymerizations.

Contents

1 Preparation

2 Uses

3 Precautions

4 References

Preparation

Potassium persulfate can be prepared by electrolysis of a cold solution potassium bisulfate in sulfuric acid at a high current density.[1]

2 KHSO4 → K2S2O8 + H2

It can also be prepared by adding potassium bisulfate (KHSO4) to a solution of the more soluble salt ammonium peroxydisulfate (NH4)2S2O8. In principle it can be prepared by chemical oxidation of potassium sulfate using fluorine.

[O3SO-OSO3]2− ⇌ 2 [SO4]•−

It is used in organic chemistry as an oxidizing agent,[4] for instance in the Elbs persulfate oxidation of phenols and the Boyland–Sims oxidation of anilines.

As a strong yet stable bleaching agent it also finds use in various hair bleaches and lighteners. Such brief and non-continuous use is normally hazard free, however prolonged contact can cause skin irritation.[5] It has been used as an improving agent for flour with the E number E922, although it is no longer approved for this use within the EU.

Precautions

The salt is a strong oxidant and is incompatible with organic compounds. Prolonged skin contact can result in irritation.[5]

Potassium persulfate Chemical Properties,Uses,Production

Outline

Potassium persulfate (Formula is K2S2O8) is also known as potassium peroxydisulfate, molecular weight is 270.32, decomposition temperature is 50-60℃, it is white, odorless crystal, it is soluble in water, insoluble in alcohol, it has strong oxidizing, it is commonly used as bleaching agents, oxidizing agents, it can be used as the polymerization initiator, it almost does not absorb moisture, it has good stability at room temperature, it is easy to be stored, and it has the advantages of convenience and safety, etc. . Applications involves polymerization initiator, circuit board cleaning and etching, copper and aluminum surface activation, modified starch, pulp and textile bleaching and desizing low temperature, circulating water purification treatment systems, oxidative degradation of harmful gases, low formaldehyde adhesive stick together accelerated oxidation of ethanol and aromatic hydrocarbons, disinfectants, hair dye decolorization.

The above information is edited by the chemicalbook of Wang Xiaodong.

Half-life

80℃-1.5 hours; 70℃-7.7 hours; 60℃-33 hours; 45℃-292 hours; 35℃-1600 hours.

Recrystallization

Potassium persulfate dissolves in 30℃ water, cools, then the recrystallized product can be obtained, it is filtered and dried under reduced pressure in the presence of calcium chloride.

Solubility in water(g/100ml)

Grams which dissolves in per 100 ml of water: 4.7g/20 ℃.

The main application areas

Potassium persulfate is mainly used as initiator and strong oxidizing agents.

Initiator:

Potassium persulfate is the initiator of latex or solution polymerization of acrylic monomers, vinyl acetate, vinyl chloride and other product, and it is also the initiator of styrene, acrylonitrile, butadiene and the like emulsion for copolymerisation.

Strong oxidizing agent:

1. It is used as desizing agent and bleach activator.

2. It is used for oxidative degradation of harmful substances in pool and closed circular loop in water.

3. It can be applied in the production of starch modifier and applied in the production of adhesive and coating agent.

4. It can be applied in the branched-chain oxidation, alcohol and aromatic hydroxy oxidation.

5. It is one of the basic constituent of hair dyes, it plays the role of decolorization.

Toxicity

The amount is not specified (FAO/WHO, 2001).

Potassium persulfate powder has stimulating effect on nasal mucosa, packaging should be ventilated to prevent dust. Labour protection appliance should be dressed at work.

Storage precautions

Potassium persulfate is non-flammable, it is combustion-supporting which due to it can release of oxygen, storage environment must be dry and clean, well-ventilated. Pay attention to moisture and rain, it should not be transported in rain. Keep away from fire, heat and direct sunlight. It should be kept sealed packaging, labels should be intact and clear. It should be stored separately with flammable or combustible materials, organic compounds, as well as rust, small amount of metal, and other reducing substance, it should avoid mix to prevent causing decomposition of potassium persulfate and explosion.

Chemical properties

It is colorless or white triclinic crystalline powder. It is soluble in water, the solubility is 1.75g/100ml water at 0℃, the solubility is 5.3g/100ml water at 20℃. It is insoluble in alcohol. Queous solution is acidic.

Uses

It can be used as gluten agent of wheat flour.

It is mainly used as a disinfectant and fabric bleach. It can be used as industrial oxidant in dyes and inorganic salts. It can be used as emulsion polymerization initiators in synthetic rubber industry. It can be used as polymerization accelerator in synthetic resin. In addition, it can also be used in the steel, photographic industry and medicine.

It can be used as analytical reagents, oxidants and plastic initiator, it can also be used in the film photofinishing.

The above information is edited by the chemicalbook of Wang Xiaodong.

Production method

Potassium sulfate method

Ammonium sulfate and sulfuric acid formulates to form liquid electrolyte, it is decontaminated by electrolysis, HSO4-can discharge and generate peroxydisulfate acidat in the anode, and then reacts with ammonium sulfate to generate ammonium persulfate, Then replacement reaction can happen when potassium is added . The finished product of potassium persulfate can be obtained after cooling, separation, crystallization, drying.

Anode reaction: 2HSO4-2e → H2S2O8

Cathodic reaction: 2H ++ 2e → H2 ↑

(NH4) 2SO4 + H2S2O8 → (NH4) 2S2O8 + H2SO4

(NH4) 2S2O8 + K2SO4 + H2SO4 → K2S2O8 + 2NH4HSO4

It can be derived by replacement reaction with ammonium persulfate potassium sulfate, then it goes through cooling, separation, crystallization, drying.

Category

oxidant

Toxicity grading

Mid toxicity.

Acute toxicity

Oral-rat LD50: 802 mg/kg.

Explosive hazardous characteristics

It can explode when mixes with reductant, sulfur, phosphorus; It can explode when be heated, impacted, and meets fire.

Flammability hazard characteristic

Thermal decomposition can get oxygen; toxic fumes of nitrogen oxides can generate after combustion.

Storage characteristics

Treasury should have ventilation and be low-temperature drying; loading and unloading should be light; it should be stored separately with organic matter, reducing agents, sulfur, phosphorus combustibles.

Extinguishing agent

Mist of water, sand, foam.

Professional standards

TWA 2 mg/m.

Chemical Properties

colourless odourless crystals or white powder

Chemical Properties

Potassium persulfate is a colorless or white, odorless crystalline material.

Physical properties

Colorless or white crystals; triclinic structure; density 2.477 g/cm3; stable in solid crystalline form; decomposes on heating, evolving oxygen; completely decomposes at about 100°C; sparingly soluble in cold water 1.75 g/100mL at 0°C; moderately soluble at ordinary temperature, 5.29 g/100 mL at 20°C;aqueous solution acidic and unstable, decomposing slowly at room temperature and more rapidly when the solution is warmed; insoluble in alcohol.

Uses

Bleaching fabrics, soaps; in photography under the name Anthion to remove last traces of thiosulfate from plates and paper; in analytical chemistry.

Preparation

Potassium persulfate can be prepared by electrolysis of a mixture of potassium sulfate and potassium hydrogen sulfate at a high current density:

2KHSO4→K2S2O8+ H2

Also, the compound can be prepared by adding potassium hydrogen sulfate,KHSOto an electrolyzed solution of ammonium hydrogen sulfate, NH4HSO4.

General Description

A white crystalline solid. Specific gravity 2.477. Decomposes below 100°C.

Air & Water Reactions

Water soluble. Slowly decomposed by water. The salt rapidly liberates oxygen when heated, and especially so when wet.

Reactivity Profile

Potassium persulfate is an oxidizing agent. Noncombustible but accelerates the burning of combustible material. Potassium persulfate plus a little potassium hydroxide and water released sufficient heat and oxygen to ignite a polythene (polyethylene) liner in a container. [MCA Case History 1155. 1955].

Hazard

Strong irritant and oxidizing agent. Fire risk in contact with organic materials.

Health Hazard

Inhalation, ingestion or contact (skin, eyes) with vapors or substance may cause severe injury, burns or death. Fire may produce irritating, corrosive and/or toxic gases. Runoff from fire control or dilution water may cause pollution.

Fire Hazard

These substances will accelerate burning when involved in a fire. Some may decompose explosively when heated or involved in a fire. May explode from heat or contamination. Some will react explosively with hydrocarbons (fuels). May ignite combustibles (wood, paper, oil, clothing, etc.). Containers may explode when heated. Runoff may create fire or explosion hazard.

Agricultural Uses

Potassium sulphate, also called sulphate of potash, is a white crystalline material, moderately hygroscopic, available in fine, granular and semi-granular forms. It contains 48 to 54% potassium (as K2O) and supplies 17 to 20 % of sulphate. Chloride-sensitive crops like tobacco, grapes and potato require chloride-free potassium fertilizers. Therefore, these crops are fertilized with potassium sulphate, although this is more expensive than potassium chloride. These three crops, being major crops, account for about 7% of the total potash consumption. For best results, potassium sulphate should contain at least 50 % potash by weight.

Potassium sulphate occurs in nature as ‘langbeinite’ , a double sulphate of potassium and magnesium (K2SO4?2MgSO4) and made from burkeite (Na2CO3?2Na2SO4), kainite (KCl?MgS04?3H2O) or potassium chloride (KCl) as follows:

When applied to soil, potassium ion from the watersoluble potassium sulphate is retained in the soil colloids and not easily leached out. This makes potassium sulphate an excellent fertilizer, useful for all soils and crops while sowing or before sowing. It is also a safe ingredient of powdered, mixed fertilizers.

Safety Profile

Moderately toxic by ingestion. An irritant and allergen. A powerful oxidtzer. Flammable when exposed to heat or by chemical reaction. Can react with reducing materials. It liberates oxygen above 100′ when dry or @ about 50′ when in solution. When heated to decomposition it emits highly toxic fumes of SOx,, S2O8, and K2O.

Potential Exposure

Potassium persulfate is used as a bleaching and oxidizing agent; it is used in redox polymeri- zation catalysts; in the defiberizing of wet strength paper and in the desizing of textiles. Soluble in water.

Shipping

UN1492 Potassium persulfate, Hazard Class: 5.1; Labels: 5.1-Oxidizer.

Purification Methods

Crystallise the persulfate twice from distilled water (10mL/g) and dry it at 50o in a vacuum desiccator. Its solubility in H2O is 1.6% at 0o, 4.5% at 20o, and 7.2% at 30o. An aqueous solution decomposes on long standing with evolution of O2 and formation of KHSO4. It is a powerful oxidising agent. Store it at ~10o. [Fehér in Handbook of Preparative Inorganic Chemistry (Ed. Brauer) Academic Press Vol I p 390 1963.]

Incompatibilities

A strong oxidizer. Incompatible with combustible, organic or other readily oxidizable materials; sulfur, metallic dusts, such as aluminum dust; chlorates and perchlorates. Attacks chemically active metals. Keep away from moisture.

Waste Disposal

Use large volumes of reducing agents (bisulfites, e.g.). Neutralize with soda ash and drain into sewer with abundant water.

Potassium persulfate Preparation Products And Raw materials

APPLICATION

Initiator for the emulsion or solution Polymerization of acrylic monomers, vinyl acetate, vinyl chloride etc. and for the emulsion co-polymerization of styrene, acrylonitrile, butadiene etc.

Oxidizing agent, used in cleaning and pickling of metal surface, accelerated curing of low formaldehyde adhesives and modification of starch, production of binders and coating materials,

Desizing agent and bleach activator, It is an essential component of bleaching formulations for hair cosmetics.

The initiator for emulsion polymerization has to be water-soluble, considering the mechanism of emulsion polymerization.

Typical initiators are persulfates, for example, sodium, potassium, or ammonium persulfate, which are activated by thermal energy; typical polymerization temperatures are in the range of 70–90 °C.

Very popular are also redox systems, which consist of an oxidizing and a reducing compound. The interaction of these components and optionally some multivalent metal ions generates radicals even at low temperatures and allows smooth polymerization

EC / List no.: 231-781-8

CAS no.: 7727-21-1

Mol. formula: K2O8S2

Potassium Persulfate

Potassium persulfate is the inorganic compound with the formula K2S2O8. It is the potassium salt of persulfate (also called peroxydisulfate), an oxidizer. It is a white solid that dissolves in water. It is almost non-hygroscopic and has good shelf-life. Persulfate is often used as a strong oxidizer or monomer polymerization initiator.

Potassium persulfate is but only an initiator for latex or acrylic monomer polymer fluid, vinyl acetate or chloroethylene, etc. but also an initiator for the copolymerization of cinnamene, acrylonitrile, butadiene and other colloids. It is often used as a strong oxidizer and has the following usages

(1) Used while rinsing or cleaning the surface of metal with acid;

(2) Accelerate the processing procedure of low concentration formalin binder;

(3) Used as a regulator while producing amylum and applied to the production of binder or paint;

(4) Used as desizing agent or active bleaching agent;

(5) For hair dye, as a principal ingredient with discoloring function.

(6) Used as oxidizer for remediation of envionmental protection.

This salt is a powerful oxidant, commonly used to initiate polymerizations.

Potassium persulfate can be prepared by electrolysis of a cold solution potassium bisulfate in sulfuric acid at a high current density.[1]

2 KHSO4 → K2S2O8 + H2

Uses

[O3SO-OSO3]2− ⇌ 2 [SO4]•−

It is used in organic chemistry as an oxidizing agent,[4] for instance in the Elbs persulfate oxidation of phenols and the Boyland–Sims oxidation of anilines.

Precautions

The salt is a strong oxidant and is incompatible with organic compounds. Prolonged skin contact can result in irritation.

Potassium persulfate appears as a white crystalline solid. Specific gravity 2.477. Decomposes below 100°C.

Use: Potassium Persulfate is a transparent colorless crystal that is a strong oxidizer. It is generally immediately available in most volumes. High purity, submicron and nanopowder forms may be considered. American Elements produces to many standard grades when applicable, including Mil Spec (military grade); ACS, Reagent and Technical Grade; Food, Agricultural and Pharmaceutical Grade; Optical Grade, USP and EP/BP (European Pharmacopoeia/British Pharmacopoeia) and follows applicable ASTM testing standards.

Persulfates are key components in many industrial processes and commercial products.

The polymer industry uses aqueous solutions of persulfates as initiators in the polymerization of latex and synthetic rubber.

The electronics industry considers sodium persulfate an efficient microetchant in the manufacture of printed circuit boards.

The following examples further illustrate the chemical versatility of persulfates.

Polymerization

Plastics and rubber — Ammonium, potassium, and sodium persulfates are used as initiators for emulsion polymerization reactions in the preparation of acrylics, polyvinyl chlorides, polystyrenes, and neoprene.

They are used as polymerization initiators in the manufacture of synthetic rubber (styrene butadiene and isoprene) for automobile and truck tires.

Persulfate initiation is used to prepare latex polymers for paints, coatings, and carpet backing.

Structural materials — Persulfates are used as initiators in polymeric concrete formulations.

Inorganic chemicals and minerals — Persulfates are also initiators for the polymeric coating of graphite filaments.

Soil stabilization — Ammonium persulfate is used as a curing agent in chemical grout systems used to stabilize soil near dams, tunnels, and buildings.

Oxidation

Surface preparation — The oxidation power of persulfates is used to clean and microetch a variety of printed circuit board substrates.

Persulfates are important oxidants in plating and coating processes. They are also etchants for nickel, titanium, and zink alloys.

Persulfates are used to clean and mill aluminum, brass, copper, and many other metal surfaces prior to plating or adhesive bonding

Persulfates are used to clean and activate carbon and charcoal before and after their use as absorbents.

Cosmetics — The cosmetic industry has developed formulations which use persulfates to boost hair bleaching performance.

Organic synthesis — Persulfates are oxidizing agents in the preparation of aldehydes, ketones, carboxylic acids, quinones, and a variety of other compounds.

The pharmaceutical industry uses sodium persulfate as a reagent in the preparation of antibiotics.

Other Applications

Adhesive — Persulfates are used in the preparation of adhesive films and metal bonding adhesives.

Gas and oil production — In enhanced oil recovery, persulfates are used “down hole” for gel forming and breaking.

Inks, pigments, and dispersants — Persulfates are used to graft substrates to polymers (for example, carbon black to sodium acrylate). Persulfates are used in the preparation of dispersants for ink jetting and toner formulations.

Mining — Persulfates can be used in nickel and cobalt separation processes.

Peroxymonosulfate — FMC developed a process using ammonium and sodium persulfates to prepare peroxymonosulfate solutions. This patented process allows fast, efficient, on-site production of an alternative to Caro’s acid and potassium caroate.

Photography — Persulfates are used in many photographic applications, including bleaching solutions, solution regeneration, equipment cleaning, and waste water treatment.

Pulp and paper — Persulfates are used in the sizing of paper, preparation of binders and coatings, and production of special papers.

An activated alkali metal persulfate effectively repulps neutral/alkaline wet-strength broke and decolorizes dyes and optical brightener.

Textiles — Ammonium and sodium persulfates are used in the desizing and bleaching of textiles and the development of dyestuffs.

Swimming pools — PPS shock treatment is used to oxidize non-filterable waste in swimming pools and other recreational water. PPS shock clarifies water and prevents the formation of combined chlorine.

Environmental — Persulfates are very strong oxidants, have excellent shelf life when stored properly, and are economical to use. These properties make persulfates suitable for a variety of environmental applications, such as soil remediation and wastewater/groundwater cleanup.

Oxidation Chemistry

The persulfate anion is the most powerful oxidant of the peroxygen family of compounds

Outline

The above information is edited by the chemicalbook of Wang Xiaodong.

Half-life

80℃-1.5 hours; 70℃-7.7 hours; 60℃-33 hours; 45℃-292 hours; 35℃-1600 hours.

Recrystallization

Potassium persulfate dissolves in 30℃ water, cools, then the recrystallized product can be obtained, it is filtered and dried under reduced pressure in the presence of calcium chloride.

Solubility in water(g/100ml)

Grams which dissolves in per 100 ml of water: 4.7g/20 ℃.

The main application areas

Potassium persulfate is mainly used as initiator and strong oxidizing agents.

Initiator:

Strong oxidizing agent:

1. It is used as desizing agent and bleach activator.

2. It is used for oxidative degradation of harmful substances in pool and closed circular loop in water.

3. It can be applied in the production of starch modifier and applied in the production of adhesive and coating agent.

4. It can be applied in the branched-chain oxidation, alcohol and aromatic hydroxy oxidation.

5. It is one of the basic constituent of hair dyes, it plays the role of decolorization.

Toxicity

The amount is not specified (FAO/WHO, 2001).

Potassium persulfate powder has stimulating effect on nasal mucosa, packaging should be ventilated to prevent dust. Labour protection appliance should be dressed at work.

Storage precautions

Chemical properties

Uses

It can be used as gluten agent of wheat flour.

It can be used as analytical reagents, oxidants and plastic initiator, it can also be used in the film photofinishing.

The above information is edited by the chemicalbook of Wang Xiaodong.

Production method

Potassium sulfate method

Anode reaction: 2HSO4-2e → H2S2O8

Cathodic reaction: 2H ++ 2e → H2 ↑

(NH4) 2SO4 + H2S2O8 → (NH4) 2S2O8 + H2SO4

(NH4) 2S2O8 + K2SO4 + H2SO4 → K2S2O8 + 2NH4HSO4

It can be derived by replacement reaction with ammonium persulfate potassium sulfate, then it goes through cooling, separation, crystallization, drying.

Category

oxidant

Toxicity grading

Mid toxicity.

Acute toxicity

Oral-rat LD50: 802 mg/kg.

Explosive hazardous characteristics

It can explode when mixes with reductant, sulfur, phosphorus; It can explode when be heated, impacted, and meets fire.

Flammability hazard characteristic

Thermal decomposition can get oxygen; toxic fumes of nitrogen oxides can generate after combustion.

Storage characteristics

Extinguishing agent

Mist of water, sand, foam.

Professional standards

TWA 2 mg/m.

Chemical Properties

colourless odourless crystals or white powder

Chemical Properties

Potassium persulfate is a colorless or white, odorless crystalline material.

Physical properties

Uses

Bleaching fabrics, soaps; in photography under the name Anthion to remove last traces of thiosulfate from plates and paper; in analytical chemistry.

Preparation

Potassium persulfate can be prepared by electrolysis of a mixture of potassium sulfate and potassium hydrogen sulfate at a high current density:

2KHSO4→K2S2O8+ H2

Also, the compound can be prepared by adding potassium hydrogen sulfate,KHSOto an electrolyzed solution of ammonium hydrogen sulfate, NH4HSO4.

General Description

A white crystalline solid. Specific gravity 2.477. Decomposes below 100°C.

Air & Water Reactions

Water soluble. Slowly decomposed by water. The salt rapidly liberates oxygen when heated, and especially so when wet.

Reactivity Profile

Hazard

Strong irritant and oxidizing agent. Fire risk in contact with organic materials.

Health Hazard

Fire Hazard

Agricultural Uses

Safety Profile

Potential Exposure

Shipping

UN1492 Potassium persulfate, Hazard Class: 5.1; Labels: 5.1-Oxidizer.

Purification Methods

Incompatibilities

Waste Disposal

Use large volumes of reducing agents (bisulfites, e.g.). Neutralize with soda ash and drain into sewer with abundant water.

Potassium persulfate Preparation Products And Raw materials

Raw materials

Ammonium persulfate Ammonium sulfate Sulfuric acid Potassium sulfate

Initiator potassium persulfate

The need for increased stabilities and for controllable permeabilities and morphologies led to the development of polymerized surfactant vesicles [55, 158-161]. Vesicle-forming surfactants haw been functionalized by vinyl, methacrylate, diacetylene, isocyano, and styrene groups in their hydrocarbon chains or headgroups. Accordingly, SUVs could be polymerized in their bilayers or across their headgroups. In the latter case, either the outer or both the outer and inner surfaces could be polymerized separately (Fig. 38). Photopolymerization links both surfaces selective polymerization of the external SUV surface is accomplished by the addition of a water-soluble initiator (potassium persulfate, for example) to the vesicle solution. [Pg.55]

Polymerization of styrene in each of the three types of microemulsions was performed using a water soluble initiator, potassium persulfate (K2S208), as well as an oil-soluble initiator, AIBN. As desired, solid polymeric materials were obtained instead of latex particles. In the anionic system, the cosolvent 2-pentanol or butyl cellosolve separates out during polymerization. Three phases are always obtmned after polymerization. The solid polymer was obtained in the middle with excess phases at the top and bottom. GC analysis of the upper phase indicates more than 80% 2-pentanol, while Karl-Fisher analysis indicated more than 94% water in the lower phase. Some of the initial microemulsion systems have either an excess organic phase on top or an excess water phase as the bottom layer. GC analysis showed the organic phase to be rich in 2-pentanol. However, the volume of the excess phase is much less in the initial system than in the polymerized system. [Pg.72]

Most emulsion polymerization is based on free-radical reactions, involving monomers (e.g., styrene, butadiene, vinyl acetate, vinyl chloride, methacrylic acid, methyl methacrylate, acrylic acid, etc.), surfactant (sodium dodecyl diphenyloxide disulfonate), initiator (potassium persulfate), water (18.2MQ/cm), and other chemicals and reagents such as sodium hydrogen carbonate, toluene, eluent solution, sodium chloride, and sodium hydroxide. [Pg.864]

Emulsion polymerization of methyl methacrylate under the action of pulsed microwave irradiation was studied by Zhu et al. [11], The reactions were conducted in a self-designed single-mode microwave reaction apparatus with a frequency of 1250 MHz and a pulse width of 1.5 or 3.5 ps. The output peak pulse power, duty cycles, and mean output power were continuously adjustable within the ranges 20-350 kW, 0.1-0.2%, and 2-350 W, respectively. Temperature during microwave experiments was maintained by immersing the reaction flask in a thermostatted jacket with a thermostatic medium with little microwave absorption (for example tetrachloroethylene). In a typical experiment, 8.0 mL methyl methacrylate, 20 mL deionized water, and 0.2 g sodium dodecylsulfonate were transferred to a 100-mL reaction flask which was placed in the microwave cavity. When the temperature reached a preset temperature, 10 mL of an aqueous solution of the initiator (potassium persulfate) was added and the flask was exposed to microwave irradiation. [Pg.655]

When the water-soluble initiator potassium persulfate is added to an emulsion polymerization system, it undergoes thermal decomposition to form sulfate radical anion … [Pg.267]

Clay and mineral fillers have been used for reducing production costs and improving the comprehensive water absorbing properties of superabsorbent materials For example, a poly(acrylic acid)/mica superabsorbent has been synthesized with water absorbency higher than 1100 g H20/g In a typical method of preparation, acrybc acid monomer is neutralized at ambient temperature with an amount of aqueous sodium hydroxide solution to achieve 65% neutralization (optimum) Dry ultrafine (<0.2 tm) mica powder (10 wt%) is added, followed by cross-linker N,N-methylene-bisacrylamide (0.10 wt%) and radical initiator, potassium persulfate The mixture is heated to 60-70°C in a water bath for 4 h. The product is washed, dried under vacuum at 50°C, and screened. [Pg.429]

Sarkar el aL [6] studied the conventional thermal initiator, potassium persulfate. He discovered that the initial rate of potassium persulfate decomposition in the presence of VAc may be written as… [Pg.701]

In an in-situ encapsulation process, a dispersion including monomers and the pigment particles can be homogenized. The monomers in the dispersion are then polymerized at the surface of the pigment so as to encapsulate the pigment particles. 6-15% of the monomers are acidic. The acidic monomers can assist the pigment in remaining properly dispersed in the inkjet ink. As a polymerization initiator, potassium persulfate may be used (20). [Pg.129]

There are various additives in PVC plastics, such as antioxidants, light stabilizers, initiators, plasticizers, flame retardants, pigments and others. As initiators, potassium persulfate, benzoyl peroxide, lauryl peroxide, percarbonate and some azo-compounds can be used. The presence of chlorine in the hydrocarbon backbone gives rigidity and toughness to the polymer, but PVC liberates hydrogen chloride when exposed to high temperatures. To prevent this, stabilizers are added to the polymer. There are several kinds of stabilizers on the market. The most important contain lead, tin, calcium and zinc and… [Pg.608]

Cho and Lee used three different initiators, potassium persulfate, 2,2 -azobisisobutyronitrile, and 4,4 -azobis(4-cyanovaleric acid) (water-soluble, but less hydrophilic than potassium persulfate) to investigate their effects on the emulsion polymerization of styrene in the presence of polymethyl methacrylate seed latex particles. Inverted core/shell latex particles were observed when 2,2 -azobisisobutyronitrile or 4,4 -azobis(4-cyanovaleric acid) was used to initiate free radical polymerization. The use of potassium persulfate resulted in various morphological structures of latex particles, which were largely determined by the initiator concentration and polymerization temperature

CAS No.7727-21-1

Chemical Name:Potassium persulfate

SynonymsKPS;anthion;Virkon S;BETZ 2701;PERSULPHATE;NP A SOLUTION;Potassum Suphates;SULPHATE STANDARD;POTASSIUM SULPHATE;POTTASSIUM SULPHATE

Other names

potassium peroxydisulfate

Anthion

potassium perdisulfate

CAS Number: 7727-21-1

ChemSpider

22821 ☒

ECHA InfoCard 100.028.893 Edit this at Wikidata

EC Number: 231-781-8

E number: E922 (glazing agents, …)

PubChem CID: 24412

RTECS number: SE0400000

UNII

6B86K0MCZC

UN number:1492

Properties

Chemical formula:K2S2O8

Molar mass:270.322 g/mol

Appearance: white powder

Odor: odorless

Density: 2.477 g/cm3

Melting point: < 100 °C (decomposes)

Solubility in water: 1.75 g/100 mL (0 °C)

4.49 g/100 ml (20 °C)

Solubility: insoluble in alcohol

Refractive index (nD): 1.467

Persulfate Handling and Safety

Persulfates are oxidizing chemicals that require careful attention to all aspects of handling and use.

For more information, you may request a Material Safety Data Sheet (MSDS) which is available from ATAMAN KMYA office.

Personal Protective Equipment

When handling persulfate chemicals, follow the guidelines listed here and in the MSDS.

Protect your eyes — Wear chemical-type goggles or a face mask whenever splashing, spraying, or any eye contact is possible.

Protect your respiratory system — Use dust respirators approved by NIOSH/MSA whenever exposure may exceed the established standard listed in the current MSDS.

Protect your hands — Wear general purpose neoprene gloves.

Protect yourself with proper clothing — Wear ordinary work clothes with long sleeves and full-length pants.

Protect yourself with proper footwear — Wear shoes with neoprene soles.

First Aid

Eye contact — Flush with water for at least 15 minutes.

If irritation occurs and persists, obtain medical attention.

Skin contact — Wash with plenty of soap and water.

If irritation occurs and persists, obtain medical attention.

Wash clothing before reuse.

Inhalation — Get fresh air. If breathing difficulty or discomfort occurs, call a physician.

Ingestion — Drink one to two glasses of water. Do not induce vomiting. Do not give anything by mouth to an unconscious individual. Call a physician immediately.

When properly handled and stored, persulfates and their solutions do not present serious health hazards.

The MSDS provides information concerning exposure, emergency, first aid, and disposal of persulfates.

Potassium Persulfate Market: Overview

Potassium persulfate (K2S2O8) is also called potassium peroxydisulfate. It is a colorless or white triclinic powder found in the form of a crystals. It shows solubility in water, but in alcohol it is insoluble. Potassium persulfate is said to be a strong oxidizing agent, and is used widely for bleaching. It is known to be a stable compound at normal room temperature. Moisture is not absorbed by potassium persulfate and hence it can be easily stored for longer so that it can be used later.

Some of the uses of potassium persulfate are circuit board cleaning; polymerization initiator; etching of circuit boards; enhancing the water purification treatment processes; aluminum and copper surface activation; disinfection; hair dye decolorization; low formaldehyde adhesive stick along with the speedy oxidation of aromatic hydrocarbons and ethanol, modified starch, degradation by oxidation of harmful gases, and for the bleaching of pulp and textiles in the paper and textile industries, respectively; and oxidative desizing at low temperature.

Potassium Persulfate Market: Market Trends

Potassium persulfate is extensively used as an initiator and a strong oxidizing agent. It is one of the essential constituents of hair dyes, as it is a perfect agent for decolorization. Potassium persulfate is used as bleach activator and desizing agent. It is used for the oxidative degradation of toxic substances or chemicals in closed circular loops in water or a pool, making the process of water treatment easy. It can be used as an analytical reagent, plastic initiator, and oxidant, and in the process of the photofinishing of film. These applications make potassium persulfate an essential commodity in the market as it is used in many industries including cosmetics, water treatment plants, for bleaching purposes, etc.

Though the toxicity of potassium persulfate is mild, continuous exposure to it may lead to major side effects on human health. Some of the adverse effects caused due by exposure to potassium persulfate may lead to cancer, issues related to one’s reproductive systems, and even skin allergies in certain cases.

Sodium sulfate is used as a substitute for potassium persulfate in certain analytical processes due to the similar qualities that are seen in both compounds.

Keeping in mind the mild level of toxicity of potassium persulfate and its wide range of industrial applications, it is expected that the market may experience stable growth in the near future.

Potassium Persulfate Market: Region-wise Outlook

Asia Pacific, North America, and Europe are the key regional markets for potassium persulfate at present and are expected to retain the position even in the future. Currently, the market for potassium persulfate is developing considerably in Asia Pacific. Developing countries such as India, China, and Japan are known to have a vast market for potassium persulfate.

Its applications in fields such as the water treatment, cosmetics, paper, and textile industries are the reasons for its extensive market in the above regions of the world.

Ammonium, potassium, and sodium persulfates are used as initiators for emulsion polymerization reactions in the preparation of acrylics, polyvinyl chlorides, polystyrenes, and neoprene. They are used as polymerization initiators in the manufacture of synthetic rubber (styrene butadiene and isoprene) for automobile and truck tires. Persulfate initiation is used to prepare latex polymers for paints, coatings, and carpet backing.

Products

Key Functions

Potassium Persulfate

Potassium persulfate is used as an initiator for emulsion polymerization reactions, in the preparation of acrylic, vinyl, styrene, neoprene, styrene-butadiene and other resins. It is also used in depolymerization in modification of starch, as a booster in hair bleaching formulations in cosmetics and as a gel breaker in the oil and gas industry.

Potassium Persulfate

Oxidizer, Free Radical Generator

Bleaching

Pool/Spa Shock

Sodium Persulfate

Sodium persulfate acts as a polymerization initiator in polymer chemistry, as an etchant and cleaner in the manufacturing of printed circuit boards, as a booster in hair bleaching formulations in cosmetics.

Oxidizer, Free Radical Generator

Bleaching

Pool/Spa Shock

Ammonium Persulfate

Ammonium persulfate acts as a polymerization initiator in polymer chemistry, as an etchant and cleaner in the manufacture of printed circuit boards, as a booster in hair bleaching formulations in cosmetics and as a gel breaker in the oil and gas industry.

Oxidizer, Free Radical Generator

Bleaching

Synonyms:

dipotassium [(sulfonatoperoxy)sulfonyl]oxidanide

dipotassium peroxodisulfate

dipotassium peroxodisulphate

dipotassium peroxydisulfate

dipotassium persulfate

dipotassium sulfonatooxy sulfate

peroxydisulfuric acid (((HO)S(O)2)2O2) , dipotassium salt

peroxydisulfuric acid (((HO)S(O)2)2O2), potassium salt (1:2)

peroxydisulfuric acid ([(HO)S(O)2]2O2), dipotassium salt

peroxydisulfuric acid potassium salt (1:2)

peroxydisulfuric acid, dipotassium salt

potassium peroxodisulfate

potassium peroxydisulfate

potassium peroxydisulfate (K2(S2O8))

potassium peroxydisulphate

TNP-201 DECOMPOSITION SOLUTION 1

anthion

NP A SOLUTION

POTASSIUM PEROXODISULFATE

POTASSIUM PEROXYDISULFATE

POTASSIUM PEROXYDISULPHATE

POTASSIUM PERSULFATE

POTASSIUM PERSULFATE, PURIFIED

Kaliumperoxodisulfat

Potassium Perslphate

Potassum Suphates

Dipotassiumperoxydisulphate

DI-POTASSIUM PEROXODISULPHATE

DIPOTASSIUM PEROXYDISULFATE

BETZ 2701

POTASSIUM PERSULFATE 98%

Dipotassium peroxodisulphate (measured as [S2O8])

dipotassium peroxodisulphate potassium persulphate

POTASSIUM PERSULPHATE extrapure

POTASSIUM PERSULPHATE extrapure AR

Potassium oersulfate

Potassium persulfate, for analysis

Potassium persulfate, for analysis ACS

Peroxodisulfuric acid dipotassium salt

Virkon S

Hydrogen peroxodisulfate

Peroxodisulfuric acid

Potassium Peroxydisulphate, Acs Grade

POTASSIUM PERSULFATE (KPS)

POTASSIUM PERSULPHATE (KPS)

Potassium peroxydisulfate, ACS, 99.0% min

Potassium peroxydisulfate, 99.99% (metals basis)

Potassium persulfate,99+%,for analysis ACS

Potassium peroxydisulfate, 99.9% (metals basis)

Potassium peroxodisulfate,Potassium persulfate

Potassium peroxodisulfate/ 99+%

Potassium persulfate,Potassium peroxodisulfate

Potassium peroxydisulfate (metals basis)

Potassium Peroxydisulfate, Acs Min

Peroxydisulfuric acid ([(HO)S(O)2]2O2), potassium salt (1:2)

dipotassiumpersulfate

peroxydisulfuricacid([(ho)s(o)2]2o2),dipotassiumsalt

Peroxydisulfuricacid,dipotassiumsalt

peroxydisulfuricacid[((ho)s(o)2)2o2],dipotassiumsalt

potassiumperoxydisulfate(k2s2o3)

potassiumperoxydisulfate[k2(s2o8)]

Potassium Persulfate Potassium peroxydisulfate Dipotassium peroxydisulphate

POTASSIUM PERSULFATE SIGMAULTRA

POTASSIUM PEROXODISULFATE (MAX. 0,001 % N) R. G., REAG. ACS

POTASSIUM PEROXODISULFATE EXTRA PURE

POTASSIUM PERSULFATE ELECTROPHORESIS*REA GENT

POTASSIUM PEROXODISULFATE R. G.

POTASSIUM PERSULFATE, 99+%, A.C.S. REAGE NT

POTASSIUM PERSULFATE PHOTOGRAPHIC GRADE

POTASSIUM PERSULFATE ACS REAGENT

Potassium persulfate, 99.99% metals basis

PotassiumPersulfateK2S2O8

PotassiumPersulphateGr

POTASSIUM PERSULFATE

7727-21-1

Potassium peroxydisulfate

Anthion

Potassium peroxodisulfate

Potassium peroxydisulphate

Dipotassium peroxydisulfate

Dipotassium peroxodisulphate

Dipotassium persulfate

Caswell No. 700

UNII-6B86K0MCZC

Peroxydisulfuric acid, dipotassium salt

potassium persulphate

HSDB 2638

EINECS 231-781-8

MFCD00011386

UN1492

EPA Pesticide Chemical Code 063602

Potassium peroxydisulfate (K2(S2O8))

6B86K0MCZC

Peroxydisulfuric acid dipotassium salt

Peroxydisulfuric acid (((HO)S(O)2)2O2) , dipotassium salt

Peroxydisulfuric acid (((HO)S(O)2)2O2), dipotassium salt

Potassiumpersulfate

Potassium persulfate, 99+%, ACS reagent

Potassium persulfate, 99+%, for analysis

Peroxydisulfuric acid (((HO)S(O)2)2O2), potassium salt (1:2)

Peroxydisulfuric acid ([(HO)S(O)2]2O2), potassium salt (1:2)

Virkon S

potasium persulfate

potassium persuifate

ACMC-20ajud

potassium monopersulphate

potassium peroxidisulfate

dipotassium dioxidan-2-idesulfonate

Potassium persulfate, ACS Reagent Grade

Potassium persulfate [UN1492] [Oxidizer]

FT-0689072

Potassium persulfate [UN1492] [Oxidizer]

dipotassium [(sulfonatoperoxy)sulfonyl]oxidanide

Potassium persulfate, Trace metals grade 99.99%

Q415226

Anthion

Dipotassium peroxodisulphate

dipotassium peroxodisulphate

dipotassium peroxodisulphate; potassium persulphate

Dipotassium peroxydisulfate

Dipotassium persulfate

Peroxydisulfuric acid (((HO)S(O)2)2O2) , dipotassium salt

Peroxydisulfuric acid (((HO)S(O)2)2O2), potassium salt (1:2)

Peroxydisulfuric acid, dipotassium salt

Potassium peroxydisulfate

Potassium peroxydisulfate (K2(S2O8))

Potassium peroxydisulphate

Potassium persulfate

POTASSIUM PERSULPHATE

potassium persulphate

Translated names

Dikaaliumperoksodisulfaat (et)

dikalijev peroksodisulfat (hr)

dikalijev peroksodisulfat (sl)

dikalio peroksodisulfatas (lt)

dikalium-peroxodisulfát (cs)

dikaliumperoksodisulfaatti (fi)

dikaliumperoksodisulfat (no)

dikaliumperoxodisulfaat (nl)

dikaliumperoxodisulfat (da)

Dikaliumperoxodisulfat (de)

dikaliumperoxodisulfat (sv)

dikálium-peroxodiszulfát (hu)

dikālija peroksidisulfāts (lv)

dipotasiu peroxodisulfat (ro)

Kaaliumpersulfaat (et)

kalijev persulfat (hr)

kalijev persulfat (sl)

kalio persulfatas (lt)

kaliumpersulfaatti (fi)

Kaliumpersulfat (de)

kaliumpersulfat (no)

kálium-persulfát (sk)

kálium-perszulfát (hu)

kālija persulfāts (lv)

nadtlenodisiarczan(VI) dipotasu (pl)

peroksodisiarczan(VI) dipotasu (pl)

perossodisolfato di dipotassio (it)

peroxodissulfato de dipotássio (pt)

peroxodisulfate de dipotassium; persulfate de potassium (fr)

peroxodisulfato de dipotasio (es)

peroxodisíran draselný (cs)

peroxodisíran draselný (sk)

potasiu persulfat (ro)

Υπερθειικο κάλιο (el)

υπεροξοδιθειικό δικάλιο (el)

дикалиев пероксодисулфат (bg)

калиев персулфат (bg)

CAS names

Peroxydisulfuric acid ([(HO)S(O)2]2O2), potassium salt (1:2)

IUPAC names

dipotassium [(sulfonatoperoxy)sulfonyl]oxidanide

dipotassium [(sulfoperoxy)sulfonyl]oxidanide

dipotassium O-[(sulfonatoperoxy)sulfonyl]oxidanidolate

Dipotassium Peroxodisulphate

Dipotassium peroxodisulphate

dipotassium peroxodisulphate

Dipotassium peroxodisulphate

dipotassium peroxodisulphate

dipotassium peroxodisulphate potassium persulphate

dipotassium peroxodisulphate; potassium persulphate

Dipotassium persulfate

dipotassium sulfonatooxy

dipotassium sulfonatooxy sulfate

dipotassium sulfonatooxy sulphate

dipotassium-peroxodisulphate-

dipotassium;sulfonatooxy sulfate

Peroxydisulfuric acid (((HO)S(O)2)2O2), dipotassium salt

Potassium peroxydisulfate

POTASSIUM PERSULFATE

Potassium persulfate

Potassium Persulphate

potassium persulphate

pottassium persulfat

Trade names

dipotassium peroxodisulfate

Dipotassium persulfate

dipotassium persulfate

Potassium peroxodisulfate

potassium peroxodisulfate

Potassium persulfate

potassium persulfate

ANTHION

DIPOTASSIUM PEROXODISULFATE

DIPOTASSIUM PEROXYDISULFATE

DIPOTASSIUM PERSULFATE

POTASSIUM PEROXYDISULFATE

POTASSIUM PEROXYDISULFATE (K2(S2O8))

POTASSIUM PEROXYDISULFATE (K2S2O3)

POTASSIUM PEROXYDISULPHATE

POTASSIUM PERSULFATE

POTASSIUM PERSULPHATE

VIRKON S

POTASYUM PERSÜLFAT

Kullanmlar

Bu tuz, stiren-bütadien kauçuu ve politetrafloroetilen ve ilgili malzemeler gibi ticari açdan önemli polimerlere yol açan çeitli alkenlerin polimerizasyonunu balatmak için kullanlr. Çözümde, dianyon radikaller vermek için ayrr: [3]

Potasyum persülfat

Gezintiye atlaArama yapmak için atla

Potasyum peroksimonosülfat ile kartrlmamaldr.

Potasyum persülfat

ki potasyum katyonu ve bir peroksidisülfat anyonu

Kristal yapnn top ve çubuk modeli

Beyaz bir toz olarak potasyum persülfat

simler

Dier isimler

potasyum peroksidisülfat

Anthion

potasyum perdisülfat

Tanmlayclar

CAS numaras

7727-21-1 çek

3B modeli (JSmol)

Etkileimli görüntü

ChemSpider

22821 ☒

ECHA InfoCard 100.028.893 Bunu Vikiveri’de düzenleyin

EC Numaras

231-781-8

E numaras E922 (cam ajanlar, …)

PubChem Müteri Kimlii

24412

RTECS numaras

SE0400000

UNII

6B86K0MCZC kontrolü

UN numaras 1492

CompTox Kontrol Paneli (EPA)

DTXSID4029690 Bunu Vikiveri’de düzenleyin

InChI [gösteri]

SMILES [gösteri]

Özellikleri

Kimyasal formül K2S2O8

Molar kütle 270.322 g / mol

Görünüm beyaz toz

Koku kokusuz

Younluk 2.477 g / cm3 [1]

Erime noktas <100 ° C (212 ° F; 373 K) (ayrr)

Suda çözünürlük 1.75 g / 100 mL (0 ° C)

4,49 gr / 100 ml (20 ° C)

Alkolde çözünmeyen çözünürlük

Krlma indisi (nD) 1.467

Yaps

Kristal yap triklinik

Tehlikeler

Güvenlik veri sayfas ICSC 1133

GHS piktogramlar GHS03: Oksitleyici GHS07: Zararl GHS08: Salk tehlikesi

GHS Sinyal kelimesi Tehlike

GHS tehlike beyanlar H272, H302, H315, H317, H319, H334, H335, H371

GHS önlem ifadeleri P220, P261, P280, P305 + 351 + 338, P342 + 311

NFPA 704 (ate elmas)

NFPA 704 dört renkli elmas

021OX

Parlama noktas Yanc deil

Ölümcül doz veya konsantrasyon (LD, LC):

LD50 (medyan doz) 802 mg / kg (oral, sçan) [2]

Bantl bileikler

Dier anyonlar Potasyum sülfit

Potasyum sülfat

Potasyum peroksimonosülfat

Dier katyonlar Sodyum persülfat

Amonyum persülfat

Aksi belirtilmedikçe, veriler standart hallerinde (25 ° C [77 ° F], 100 kPa) malzemeler için verilmitir.

☒ dorula (kontrol nedir?)

Bilgi kutusu referanslar

Potasyum persülfat, K2S2O8 formülüne sahip inorganik bileiktir. Potasyum peroksidisülfat veya KPS olarak da bilinen bu, souk suda az çözünür, ancak lk suda daha iyi çözünen beyaz bir katdr. Bu tuz, genellikle polimerizasyonlar balatmak için kullanlan güçlü bir oksidandr.

çindekiler

1 Hazrlk

2 Kullanmlar

3 Önlemler

4 Kaynaklar

Hazrlk

Potasyum persülfat, yüksek akm younluunda sülfürik asitte souk solüsyon potasyum bisülfatn elektrolizi ile hazrlanabilir. [1]

2 KHSO4 → K2S2O8 + H2

Daha çözünür tuzlu amonyum peroksidisülfat (NH4) 2S2O8 çözeltisine potasyum bisülfat (KHSO4) ilave edilerek de hazrlanabilir. Prensip olarak, flor kullanlarak potasyum sülfatn kimyasal oksidasyonu ile hazrlanabilir.

[O3SO-OSO3] 2− ⇌ 2 [SO4] • –

Organik kimyada bir oksitleyici madde olarak [4], fenollerin Elbs persülfat oksidasyonunda ve anilinlerin Boyland-Sims oksidasyonunda kullanlr.

Güçlü ancak stabil bir aartma maddesi olarak çeitli saç aartclarnda ve açclarda da kullanm alan bulur. Bu tür ksa ve sürekli olmayan kullanm normalde tehlikesizdir, ancak uzun süreli temas ciltte tahrie neden olabilir. [5] Artk AB içinde bu kullanm için onaylanmasa da E922 numaral un için iyiletirici bir ajan olarak kullanlmtr.

Önlemler

Tuz, güçlü bir oksidandr ve organik bileiklerle uyumsuzdur. Uzun süreli cilt temas tahrie neden olabilir. [5]

Potasyum persülfat Kimyasal Özellikleri, Kullanm Alanlar, Üretimi

Anahat

Potasyum persülfat (Formül K2S2O8), potasyum peroksidisülfat olarak da bilinir, moleküler arlk 270.32, ayrma scakl 50-60 ℃, beyaz, kokusuz kristal, suda çözünür, alkolde çözünmez, güçlü oksitleyiciye sahiptir, yaygn olarak aartc, oksitleyici ajan olarak kullanlr, polimerizasyon balatc olarak kullanlabilir, neredeyse nemi emmez, oda scaklnda iyi stabiliteye sahiptir, depolanmas kolaydr ve kolaylk ve güvenlik avantajlarna sahiptir. , vb. . Uygulamalar arasnda polimerizasyon balatc, devre kart temizleme ve andrma, bakr ve alüminyum yüzey aktivasyonu, modifiye niasta, hamur ve tekstil aartma ve düük scaklkta hal sökme, sirküle su artma artma sistemleri, zararl gazlarn oksidatif bozunmas, düük formaldehit yaptrc çubuu birlikte hzlandrlm etanol oksidasyonunu içerir ve aromatik hidrokarbonlar, dezenfektanlar, saç boyas renk giderimi.

Yukardaki bilgiler Wang Xiaodong’un kimyasal kitab tarafndan düzenlenmitir.

Yarm hayat

80 ℃ -1,5 saat; 70 ℃ -7.7 saat; 60 ℃ -33 saat; 45 ℃ -292 saat; 35 ℃ -1600 saat.

Yeniden kristalleme

Potasyum persülfat 30 ℃ suda çözünür, sour, daha sonra yeniden kristalize ürün elde edilebilir, süzülür ve kalsiyum klorür varlnda düük basnç altnda kurutulur.

Suda çözünürlük (g / 100ml)

100 ml su içinde çözünen gramlar: 4.7 gr / 20.

Ana uygulama alanlar

Potasyum persülfatesas olarak balatc ve güçlü oksitleyici maddeler olarak kullanlr.

Balatc:

Potasyum persülfat, akrilik monomerler, vinil asetat, vinil klorür ve dier ürünlerin lateks veya çözelti polimerizasyonunun balatcsdr ve ayn zamanda, stiren, akrilonitril, bütadien ve benzeri emülsiyonun kopolimerizasyon için balatcsdr.

Güçlü oksitleyici ajan:

1. Hal sökücü ve aartc aktivatörü olarak kullanlr.

2. Havuzda ve suda kapal dairesel döngüde zararl maddelerin oksidatif bozunmas için kullanlr.

3. Niasta modifiye edici üretiminde, yaptrc ve kaplama maddesi üretiminde uygulanabilir.

4. Dall zincirli oksidasyon, alkol ve aromatik hidroksi oksidasyonunda uygulanabilir.

5. Saç boyalarnn temel bileenlerinden biridir, renk açmada rol oynar.

Toksisite

Miktar belirtilmemitir (FAO / WHO, 2001).

Potasyum persülfat tozunun burun mukozas üzerinde uyarc etkisi vardr, tozu önlemek için ambalaj havalandrlmaldr. çi koruma cihaz i yerinde giydirilmelidir.

Saklama önlemleri

Potasyum persülfat yanc deildir, yanmay destekleyici özelliktedir ve oksijen aça çkard için depolama ortam kuru ve temiz olmal, iyi havalandrlmaldr. Nem ve yamura dikkat edin, yamurda tanmamaldr. Ateten, sdan ve dorudan güne ndan uzak tutun. Kapal ambalajda tutulmal, etiketler bozulmam ve net olmaldr. Yanc veya yanc maddeler, organik bileikler, ayrca pas, az miktarda metal ve dier indirgeyici maddelerle ayr ayr depolanmal, potasyum persülfatn ayrmasna ve patlamaya neden olmasn önlemek için kartrmaktan kaçnmaldr.

Kimyasal özellikler

Renksiz veya beyaz triklinik kristal tozdur. Suda çözünür, çözünürlüü 0 ° C’de 1.75g / 100ml su, çözünürlük 20 ° C’de 5.3g / 100ml sudr. Alkolde çözünmez. Garip çözüm asidiktir.

Kullanmlar

Buday ununun glüten maddesi olarak kullanlabilir.

Esas olarak dezenfektan ve kuma aartc olarak kullanlr. Boyalarda ve inorganik tuzlarda endüstriyel oksidan olarak kullanlabilir. Sentetik kauçuk endüstrisinde emülsiyon polimerizasyon balatc olarak kullanlabilir. Sentetik reçinede polimerizasyon hzlandrc olarak kullanlabilir. Ayrca çelik, fotoraf endüstrisi ve tpta da kullanlabilir.

Analitik reaktifler, oksidanlar ve plastik balatc olarak kullanlabilir, ayn zamanda film foto-son ileminde de kullanlabilir.

Yukardaki bilgiler Wang Xiaodong’un kimyasal kitab tarafndan düzenlenmitir.

Üretim yöntemi

Potasyum sülfat yöntemi

Amonyum sülfat ve sülfürik asit sv elektrolit oluturmak için formüle edilir, elektrolizle dekontamine edilir, HSO4 boaltlabilir ve anotta peroksidisülfat asit oluturabilir ve ardndan amonyum sülfat ile reaksiyona girerek amonyum persülfat oluturur, Daha sonra potasyum eklendiinde deitirme reaksiyonu gerçekleebilir. Bitmi potasyum persülfat ürünü soutma, ayrma, kristalizasyon ve kurutmadan sonra elde edilebilir.

Anot reaksiyonu: 2HSO4-2e → H2S2O8

Katodik reaksiyon: 2H ++ 2e → H2 ↑

(NH4) 2SO4 + H2S2O8 → (NH4) 2S2O8 + H2SO4

(NH4) 2S2O8 + K2SO4 + H2SO4 → K2S2O8 + 2NH4HSO4

Amonyum persülfat potasyum sülfat ile ikame reaksiyonu ile elde edilebilir, daha sonra soutma, ayrma, kristalizasyon, kurutmadan geçer.

Kategori

oksidan

Toksisite derecelendirme

Orta toksisite.

Akut toksisite

Oral sçan LD50: 802 mg / kg.

Patlayc tehlikeli özellikler

ndirgeyici, kükürt, fosfor ile kartrldnda patlayabilir; Istldnda, çarpldnda ve atele karlatnda patlayabilir.

Yanclk tehlikesi özellii

Termal bozunma oksijen alabilir; Yanmadan sonra zehirli nitrojen oksit dumanlar oluabilir.

Depolama özellikleri

Hazine havalandrmal ve düük scaklkta kurutmal; yükleme ve boaltma hafif olmaldr; organik madde, indirgeyici maddeler, kükürt, fosfor yanclar ile ayr depolanmaldr.

Söndürme maddesi

Su sisi, kum, köpük.

Profesyonel standartlar

TWA 2 mg / m.

Kimyasal özellikler

renksiz kokusuz kristaller veya beyaz toz

Kimyasal özellikler

Potasyum persülfat, renksiz veya beyaz, kokusuz kristalli bir malzemedir.

Fiziksel özellikler

Renksiz veya beyaz kristaller; triklinik yap; younluk 2.477 g / cm3; kat kristal formda kararl; snarak ayrr, oksijen üretir; yaklak 100 ° C’de tamamen ayrr; 0 ° C’de souk suda 1.75 g / 100mL az çözünür; normal scaklkta orta derecede çözünür, 20 ° C’de 5,29 g / 100 mL; sulu çözelti asidik ve kararsz, oda scaklnda yavaça ve çözelti stldnda daha hzl ayrr; alkolde çözünmez.

Kullanmlar

Aartc kumalar, sabunlar; tabak ve kattan son tiyosülfat izlerini çkarmak için Anthion ad altnda fotorafçlkta; analitik kimyada.

Hazrlk

Potasyum persülfat, potasyum sülfat ve potasyum hidrojen sülfat karmnn yüksek akm younluunda elektrolizi ile hazrlanabilir:

2KHSO4 → K2S2O8 + H2

Ayrca, bileik potasyum hidrojen sülfat eklenerek hazrlanabilir,KHSO, elektrolize amonyum hidrojen sülfat çözeltisi, NH4HSO4.

Genel açklama

Beyaz kristal bir kat. Özgül arlk 2.477. 100 ° C’nin altnda bozunur.

Hava ve Su Reaksiyonlar

Suda çözünür. Su ile yavaça ayrr. Tuz, stldnda ve özellikle slandnda oksijeni hzla serbest brakr.

Reaktivite Profili

Potasyum persülfat oksitleyici bir ajandr. Yanmaz ancak yanc malzemenin yanmasn hzlandrr. Potasyum persülfat art biraz potasyum hidroksit ve su, bir kapta bir polietilen (polietilen) astar tututurmak için yeterli s ve oksijen sald. [MCA Vaka Geçmii 1155. 1955].

Tehlike

Güçlü tahri edici ve oksitleyici ajan. Organik malzemelerle temas halinde yangn riski.

Salk tehlikesi

Buharlar veya maddeler ile solunmas, yutulmas veya temas (cilt, gözler) ciddi yaralanmalara, yanklara veya ölüme neden olabilir. Yangn tahri edici, andrc ve / veya toksik gazlar üretebilir. Yangn kontrolünden veya seyreltme suyundan akmas kirlilie neden olabilir.

Yangn tehlikesi

Bu maddeler yangna kartklarnda yanmay hzlandracaktr. Bazlar stldnda veya bir yangna kartnda patlayarak ayrabilir. Is veya kirlilikten patlayabilir. Bazlar patlayc olarak hidrokarbonlarla (yaktlar) reaksiyona girecek. Yanc maddeleri (tahta, kat, ya, giysi vb.) Tututurabilir. Kaplar stldnda patlayabilir. Yüzey ak yangn veya patlama tehlikesi yaratabilir.

Tarmsal Kullanmlar

Potasyum sülfat, ayn zamanda potas sülfat olarak da adlandrlr, beyaz kristalli bir malzemedir, orta derecede higroskopiktir, ince, granül ve yar granüler formlarda bulunur. % 48 – 54 potasyum (K2O olarak) içerir ve% 17 – 20 sülfat salar. Tütün, üzüm ve patates gibi klorüre duyarl ürünler klorür içermeyen potasyum gübreler gerektirir. Bu nedenle, bu mahsuller, potasyum klorürden daha pahal olmasna ramen, potasyum sülfat ile döllenir. Balca ürünler olan bu üç mahsul, toplam potas tüketiminin yaklak% 7’sini oluturmaktadr. En iyi sonuçlar için potasyum sülfat arlkça en az% 50 potas içermelidir.

Potasyum sülfat, doada ‘langbeinit’, potasyum ve magnezyumun bir çift sülfat (K2SO4? 2MgSO4) olarak bulunur ve burkeit (Na2CO3? 2Na2SO4), kainit (KCl? MgS04? 3H2O) veya potasyum klorür (KCl) ‘den oluur:

Topraa uygulandnda, suda çözünür potasyum sülfattan potasyum iyonu, toprak kolloidlerinde tutulur ve kolayca szmaz. Bu, potasyum sülfat ekim srasnda veya ekimden önce tüm topraklar ve mahsuller için faydal olan mükemmel bir gübre haline getirir. Ayn zamanda toz haline getirilmi, karma gübrelerin güvenli bir bileenidir.

Güvenlik profili

Yutulduunda orta derecede toksiktir. Tahri edici ve alerjendir. Güçlü bir oksitleyici. Isya maruz kaldnda veya kimyasal reaksiyonla yancdr. ndirgeyici malzemelerle reaksiyona girebilir. Kuru haldeyken 100 ‘üzerinde oksijeni veya çözelti içindeyken @ yaklak 50’ serbest brakr. Ayrmaya kadar stldnda, oldukça toksik SOx, S2O8 ve K2O dumanlar yayar.

Potansiyel maruziyet

Potasyum persülfat bir aartma ve oksitleme maddesi olarak kullanlr; redoks polimerizasyon katalizörlerinde kullanlr; slak mukavemetli kadn liflerinin alnmasnda ve tekstillerin hal sökülmesinde. Suda çözünebilir.

Nakliye

UN1492 Potasyum persülfat, Tehlike Snf: 5.1; Etiketler: 5.1-Oksitleyici.

Saflatrma Yöntemleri

Persülfat damtlm sudan (10 mL / g) iki kez kristalize edin ve vakumlu kurutucuda 50 ° C’de kurutun. H2O’da çözünürlüü 0o’de% 1.6, 20o’de% 4.5 ve 30o’de% 7.2’dir. Sulu bir çözelti, uzun süre O2 oluumu ve KHSO4 oluumu ile ayrr. Güçlü bir oksitleyici ajandr. ~ 10o’de saklayn. [Fehér in Handbook of Preparative Inorganic Chemistry (Ed. Brauer) Academic Press Cilt I s. 390 1963.]

Uyumsuzluklar

Güçlü bir oksitleyici. Yanc, organik veya dier kolayca oksitlenebilir malzemelerle uyumsuz; alüminyum tozu gibi kükürt, metalik tozlar; kloratlar ve perkloratlar. Kimyasal olarak aktif metallere tesir eder. Nemden uzak tutun.

Atk Bertaraf

Büyük miktarlarda indirgeyici maddeler kullann (bisülfitler, örn.). Soda külü ile nötralize edin ve bol suyla kanalizasyona boaltn.

Potasyum persülfat Hazrlama Ürünleri ve Hammaddeler

POTASSIUM PERSULPHATE

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